托尼獎得主、劇作家克里斯托弗·迪朗去世，享年75歲

 

Christopher Durang, the celebrated comedic playwright behind Tony-winning Vanya and Sonia and Mash and Spike, has died.
著名喜劇劇作家克里斯托弗·迪朗去世，他曾創(chuàng)作過托尼獎獲獎作品《萬尼亞》、《索尼婭》、《馬什和斯匹克》。

Durang died April 2 at his home in Bucks County, Penn., his agent confirmed to Entertainment Weekly. The playwright died of complications from logopenic primary progressive aphasia, which he was first diagnosed with in 2016. Durang was 75 years old.
迪朗于4月2日在賓夕法尼亞州巴克斯縣的家中去世。他的經(jīng)紀人向《娛樂周刊》證實。這位劇作家死于言語缺失性原發(fā)性進行性失語癥的并發(fā)癥，他于2016年首次被診斷出患有失語癥。迪朗享年75歲。

During the 1980s and '90s, Durang was one of the best-known American playwrights, writing absurdist comedies that made him a favorite of both Broadway and regional theaters. He first broke out in 1980 with Sister Mary Ignatius Explains It All, which won the Obie Award for Best Playwright.
在20世紀80年代和90年代，迪朗是美國最著名的劇作家之一，他創(chuàng)作的荒誕喜劇使他成為百老匯和地方劇院的最愛。1980年，他憑借《瑪麗·伊格內(nèi)修斯修女解釋一切》一舉成名，并獲得了歐比獎最佳劇作家獎。

The play, which satirizes Catholicism, premiered Off Off Broadway before transferring to Off Broadway's Playwrights Horizons, a longtime launchpad for theatrical talent.
這部諷刺天主教的戲劇在外百老匯首演，之后轉到外百老匯的劇作家地平線，一個長期培養(yǎng)戲劇人才的平臺。

Durang was born Jan. 2, 1949, in Montclair, N.J. He studied English at Harvard College, before getting his M.F.A. in playwriting from the prestigious Yale School of Drama.
迪朗1949年1月2日出生在新澤西州蒙特克萊爾。他在哈佛大學學習英語，然后在著名的耶魯大學戲劇學院獲得戲劇寫作碩士學位。

It was at Yale where he met some of his longtime collaborators, most notably, actress Sigourney Weaver. Weaver starred Off Broadway in Durang's 1981 follow-up to Sister Mary Ignatius, Beyond Therapy, which tells the story of two eccentric New Yorkers trying to strengthen their relationship with the assistance of therapists.
正是在耶魯大學，他遇到了一些長期的合作伙伴，其中最著名的是女演員西格妮·韋弗。韋弗主演了迪朗1981年繼《瑪麗修女伊格內(nèi)修斯》之后的非百老匯劇《超越治療》，講述了兩個古怪的紐約人試圖在治療師的幫助下加強他們的關系。

The play transferred to Broadway, starring Dianne Wiest, John Lithgow, and David Hyde Pierce in 1982. Robert Altman directed an adaptation for the screen in 1987, but Durang disavowed the project, calling it "a very unhappy experience and outcome."
該劇于1982年搬到百老匯，由黛安·韋斯特、約翰·利特戈和大衛(wèi)·海德·皮爾斯主演。1987年，羅伯特·奧特曼執(zhí)導了一部改編電影，但迪朗否認了這個項目，稱其為“一個非常不愉快的經(jīng)歷和結果”。

The 1980s brought him a run of beloved hits, including The Actor's Nightmare, Baby With the Bathwater, and The Marriage of Bette and Boo. He was also beloved for his one acts, which often parodied other dramatists, most notably For Whom the Southern Belle Tolls, which spears Tennessee Williams' The Glass Menagerie. His one acts, including Wanda's Visit, Business Lunch at the Russian Tea Room, and A Stye of the Eye, are often gathered into a single evening of performance under the title Durang/Durang.
20世紀80年代，他創(chuàng)作了一系列膾炙人口的熱門作品，包括《演員的噩夢》、《帶洗澡水的嬰兒》和《貝蒂和布的婚姻》。他也因為他的獨角戲而備受喜愛，他經(jīng)常模仿其他劇作家，最著名的是《南方美女為誰而戰(zhàn)》，這部戲擊敗了田納西·威廉姆斯的《玻璃動物園》。他的獨幕劇，包括《萬達的來訪》、《俄羅斯茶室的商務午餐》、《眼睛的風格》，經(jīng)常以《迪朗/迪朗》的名字集中在一個晚上的演出中。

His 2006 play Miss Witherspoon was a finalist for the Pulitzer Prize in Drama.
他2006年的戲劇《威瑟斯彭小姐》入圍了普利策戲劇獎。

His greatest triumph came with 2012's Vanya and Sonia and Masha and Spike, which featured a starry Broadway cast that included  Weaver, Hyde Pierce, and Billy Magnussen in his breakout role. The show, which borrows heavily from and parodies the works of Anton Chekhov, went on to win Best Play at the 2013 Tony Awards.
他最偉大的勝利是2012年的《萬尼亞和索尼婭》、《瑪莎和斯派克》，這部電影的百老匯演員陣容群星璀璨，包括韋弗、海德·皮爾斯和比利·馬格努森。這部劇大量借鑒并模仿了安東·契訶夫的作品，并在2013年托尼獎上獲得了最佳劇本獎。

His final play was 2018's Turning Off the Morning News, and he gradually receded from public life until his aphasia diagnosis was announced in 2022.
他的最后一部戲劇是2018年的《關掉晨報》，他逐漸退出了公共生活，直到2022年被宣布患有失語癥。

In addition to his work as a playwright, Durang also wrote the books for four musicals (1978's A History of the American Film earned him a Tony nomination for Best Book) and worked as an actor and teacher.
除了作為劇作家，迪朗還為四部音樂劇寫過書(1978年的《美國電影史》為他贏得了托尼獎最佳書籍提名)，還當過演員和老師。

He appeared as an actor in several films, including The Secret of My Success, The Cowboy's Way, Penn & Teller Get Killed, and HouseSitter.
他以演員的身份出演了幾部電影，包括《我成功的秘密》、《牛仔之路》、《潘與泰勒被殺》和《保姆》。

Along with fellow writer Marsha Norman, Durang was the codirector of the Lila Acheson Wallace American Playwrights Program at the Juilliard School from 1986 through 2016.
從1986年到2016年，迪朗與作家瑪莎·諾曼一起擔任茱莉亞學院萊拉·艾奇遜·華萊士美國劇作家項目的聯(lián)合主任。