未來你的工作會(huì)不會(huì)被機(jī)器人替代？

The idea of getting gangs of robots to do our dirty work and daily drudgery sounds appealing, until you consider the impact on the people who are doing those jobs already - will they be able to find work somewhere else? It's not a new dilemma (the same question has been asked since the Industrial Revolution and beyond) but the rise of super-smart AI-driven robots has brought it into sharper focus in recent years.

讓機(jī)器人成群結(jié)隊(duì)地代替我們做一些臟活累活聽上去十分吸引人，直到你開始考慮這將對(duì)那些崗位的現(xiàn)任工作者所造成的影響——他們能夠在其他地方找到活干嗎?這個(gè)兩難困境并非新鮮事——它早在工業(yè)革命時(shí)便已提出，然而近年來，超級(jí)聰明的人工智能機(jī)器人的出現(xiàn)將這個(gè)問題推上頂峰。

The BBC, together with researchers from the University of Oxford and Deloitte, has put together a comprehensive list of the jobs that are most (and least) at risk. If you're a telephone salesperson you might want to start polishing up your CV - the study says there's a 99 percent chance your job will go to a robot in the next 20 years. The other professions in the top five are typist or related keyboard worker (98.5 percent); legal secretary (97.6 percent); financial accounts manager (97.6 percent); and weigher, grader, or sorter (also 97.6 percent).

BBC和牛津大學(xué)及德勤的研究人員共同合作，列出了一個(gè)全面的工作清單，其中包含了危險(xiǎn)性最高及最低的工作。假如你是一個(gè)電話銷售員，那么你也許需要重新擦拭一下自己的簡歷待用了，因?yàn)樵撗芯勘砻鳎@項(xiàng)工作在未來20年內(nèi)被機(jī)器人所取代的概率是99%。除此之外，高危榜單的前五名分別是：打字員或相關(guān)的鍵盤工作者(98.5%)、法律助理(97.6%)、金融客戶經(jīng)理(97.6%)、過秤員或閱卷評(píng)分員或分類員(97.6%)。

The jobs at the lowest risk from automated machines are hotel and accommodation manager or owner (0.4 percent); publican or manager of licensed premises (0.4 percent); education adviser and school inspector (0.4 percent); speech and language therapist (0.5 percent); and social services manager or director (0.7 percent). If any of those apply to you, you're probably safe - though your children might not be.

而低危職業(yè)榜單的前五名則分別是：酒店和住宿服務(wù)的經(jīng)理或持有者(0.4%)、有特許執(zhí)照的企業(yè)老板或經(jīng)理(0.4%)、教育顧問或督學(xué)(0.4%)、言語治療師(0.5%)、社會(huì)服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)的經(jīng)理或總管(0.7%)。如果你所從事的是這些職業(yè)，那么你很可能得以躲過一劫——但你的兒孫就不一定了。

The BBC has put together an interactive chart that lets you search for your current occupation and see what the estimated risks are. "Certain aspects of a job are simpler to automate than others," explains the guide. "Social workers, nurses, therapists, and psychologists are among the least likely occupations to be taken over as assisting and caring for others, which involves empathy, is a crucial part of the job."

BBC發(fā)布了一個(gè)交互式圖表，你可以在上面搜索自己的職業(yè)，看看它被取代的預(yù)估幾率有多大。

對(duì)于某些特定職業(yè)，自動(dòng)化的實(shí)現(xiàn)更為簡單。社會(huì)工作者、護(hù)士、治療師、心理學(xué)家等是最不容易被取代的職業(yè)，因?yàn)?ldquo;共情心”是這些職業(yè)的關(guān)鍵組成部分。

"Roles requiring employees to think on their feet and come up with creative and original ideas, for example artists, designers or engineers, hold a significant advantage in the face of automation," the BBC adds.

需要雇員迅速做出反應(yīng)、給出具有創(chuàng)造性和新穎性想法的職業(yè)在自動(dòng)化危機(jī)前同樣具有明顯的優(yōu)勢，如藝術(shù)家、設(shè)計(jì)師、工程師。

These are tasks robots and AI software tend to struggle with, whereas they're very good at processing data and following detailed instructions to the letter over and over again. If you feel like a mindless robot at your current job, then chances are you're at risk of being replaced by one.

對(duì)于機(jī)器人和人工智能軟件而言，有些任務(wù)是很困難的，但它們擅長處理數(shù)據(jù)、嚴(yán)格按照詳細(xì)指示進(jìn)行重復(fù)性工作。如果你在當(dāng)前職業(yè)中感到自己像一個(gè)不需要?jiǎng)幽X筋的機(jī)器人一樣，那么你很有可能被一個(gè)真正的機(jī)器人所替代。

But the robot and software developers would say they're building a better future for all of us, and the evidence backs that up: improved technology and robotics have created more jobs than they've taken away in recent years, freeing us human beings up to explore more enjoyable careers and to spend more time on leisure activities.

然而，機(jī)器人和軟件開發(fā)者表示，未來是光明的。證據(jù)顯示，近年來，不斷提升的科技和機(jī)器人學(xué)創(chuàng)造了比它們所帶走的更多的工作。這解放了人類，使我們能夠在更令人享受的職業(yè)中進(jìn)行探索，同時(shí)能有更多時(shí)間花費(fèi)在休閑上。