給職場(chǎng)新人們的10個(gè)建議

As another class of college seniors prepares to finish their final semester of school, they might focus on finals and job interviews – but they should also think about what awaits them once they get those jobs. There’s plenty that will be new to them about the work world, some of it pleasant (paid vacation!) and some of it less so.

對(duì)于又一屆即將結(jié)束大學(xué)最后一學(xué)期的大四學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)，他們最關(guān)注的問(wèn)題可能是畢業(yè)考試和工作面試。但是他們同樣要考慮的工作后的情形。工作領(lǐng)域中有很多新事物，有些令人愉悅(比如帶薪休假!)，但有些卻不是這樣。

Here are 10 things that entry-level workers don’t always realize in their first jobs – but will hopefully figure out quickly.

這里是給職場(chǎng)新人的十個(gè)建議。他們?cè)诘谝淮喂ぷ髦型荒芎芸煲庾R(shí)到這些，不過(guò)希望他們很快能弄明白。

1.The salary you accept when you take the job is the one you need to live with for at least a year. People new to the professional workforce don’t always realize that and think they can negotiate a raise after, say, three or six months. Attempting that won’t go over well with most employers, since the convention is that you typically can’t ask for a salary increase until you’ve been on the job for at least a year.

你接受工作時(shí)同意的薪水?dāng)?shù)額至少是一年里你的生活費(fèi)用來(lái)源。邁入職場(chǎng)的新人們通常都沒(méi)有意識(shí)到一點(diǎn)，而且也認(rèn)為他們?cè)谥蟮?到6個(gè)月里就可以商議增加薪水。做這種嘗試，在多數(shù)雇主那里是行不通的，因?yàn)榘凑諔T例，至少工作滿一年以后才可以要求漲薪。

2.When you were in school, making a mistake on a test or a paper or handing in work late only affected you. But at work, mistakes can impact your boss, your co-workers and your company. People might end up staying late to fix your work, miss their own deadlines or lose important business because of you.

上學(xué)期間，你在考試、論文里犯的錯(cuò)和不及時(shí)上交工作只會(huì)影響到你一個(gè)人。但是工作后，你犯的錯(cuò)會(huì)影響到你的老板、同事和公司。大家可能會(huì)需要熬夜來(lái)修補(bǔ)你的工作的漏洞，結(jié)果錯(cuò)過(guò)了期限或者是重要事務(wù)。

3.Being smart and having potential is no longer enough; what you actually achieve is now what matters. In school, teachers often favor the smartest students and even cut them slack on things like being prepared for class or even on being respectful or working hard. But in the working world, reputations and careers are built on actual work; being smart won’t give you a pass if you miss deadlines, aren’t prepared for meetings or don’t meet your goals.

僅僅聰明、富有潛力還不夠;你的實(shí)際工作才是現(xiàn)在最關(guān)鍵的。學(xué)校里，老師總是喜歡那些最聰明的學(xué)生，甚至在課前準(zhǔn)備、品格和工作態(tài)度方面對(duì)他們放松要求。但是在工作中，聲譽(yù)和事業(yè)要基于實(shí)際的工作。聰明的特點(diǎn)不會(huì)在你錯(cuò)過(guò)截止日期，或是沒(méi)有對(duì)會(huì)議進(jìn)行充分準(zhǔn)備，或沒(méi)有達(dá)成目標(biāo)時(shí)給你特赦。

4.You have to book time off around holidays. It’s not like school, where you automatically get a week or more off around Christmas and New Year’s. And many offices are open the day after Thanksgiving; it’s not a holiday, despite what school schedules might have led you to expect. And speaking of longer vacations …

你要在假期前后請(qǐng)假。不像在學(xué)校，在圣誕節(jié)和新年的時(shí)候，你會(huì)有一周以上的假期。很多公司在感恩節(jié)后還繼續(xù)營(yíng)業(yè)。感恩節(jié)并不是假日，盡管學(xué)校的日程安排可能讓你覺(jué)得它是個(gè)假日。其他的長(zhǎng)假也是類似的...

5.Two weeks is the most time you can take off at once in many workplaces. Those days of lengthy vacations may be a thing of the past. In many workplaces, two weeks is the uppermost limit of how much time you can take off at once. In fact, two weeks might be the full amount of vacation time you’re allotted per year, and if you use it all up at once, you won’t be able to take any time off the rest of the year. (But this does vary by workplace; some offer double or even triple that, particularly as you move into more senior roles.)

兩周是很多工作場(chǎng)合允許的最長(zhǎng)休假時(shí)間。過(guò)去悠長(zhǎng)假期的日子已經(jīng)一去不復(fù)返了。很多地方，2周是一次性請(qǐng)假允許的最長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。事實(shí)上，你可以把2周的時(shí)間分配在1年之中。如果你一次性把假都請(qǐng)完的話，1年里剩余的時(shí)間里就沒(méi)有任何假期了。(不過(guò)各個(gè)公司情況有所不同。有些公司的假期長(zhǎng)度是這的兩倍甚至是3倍，特別是當(dāng)你升入更高的職位之后。)

6.Unlike in school, great performance on the job isn’t just about waiting for assignments and doing them. While in school it was often enough to simply do your assignments, at work you should be identifying ways to drive your department’s work forward and taking initiative to do things better. If you sit around and wait for someone to tell you what to do, you might not get much done. That said, you also need to know the parameters of where you can take initiative and where you can’t, which isn’t always spelled out explicitly (and therefore can really confuse new workers).

不像在學(xué)校里，工作表現(xiàn)良好不能只是等待分配任務(wù)然后完成它們。在學(xué)校，只完成你的任務(wù)就夠了，但是在工作場(chǎng)合中，你必須知道明白讓你的部門的工作向前推進(jìn)的方法，并且主動(dòng)完善。如果你坐著等著別人告訴干什么，你可能不會(huì)有很大的成就。另外，你要知道何時(shí)主動(dòng)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。這個(gè)范圍不一定會(huì)明說(shuō)。(因此新員工可能會(huì)很困惑)。

7.You need to look politely interested in meetings, no matter how boring the topic. Yes, you might see senior folks checking their phones or looking bored – but they’ve usually earned the right to do that. As a junior employee, nodding off or being obviously distracted will reflect far worse on you than it does on senior colleagues; you’re expected to look attentive, no matter how sleepy the meeting might make you.

出于禮貌，不管話題有多無(wú)聊，你都要表現(xiàn)出對(duì)會(huì)議感興趣的樣子。你可能會(huì)看到資深的同事在查看手機(jī)，看上去一副很無(wú)聊的樣子—但是他們一般已經(jīng)為自己贏取足夠的權(quán)利這樣做。作為低級(jí)雇員，打瞌睡或是明顯走神的行為在你身上出現(xiàn)比在那些高級(jí)職員身上出現(xiàn)要糟得多。不管會(huì)議是不是讓你昏昏欲睡，你都看上去要很專注。

8.Your attitude really matters. You might do good work, but if you appear unfriendly, rude, disinterested in others or defensive, you’ll find it hard to advance –and could even end up losing your job. Being polite and cheerful isn’t optional if you want to thrive in most workplaces.

態(tài)度決定成敗。你可能工作完成得很好，但是你看起來(lái)很不友善、粗魯、對(duì)他人漠不關(guān)心、戒心很強(qiáng)，這樣你很難得到提升，甚至可能最后丟掉工作。在大部分工作場(chǎng)所中，如果你想要成功，必須要做到禮貌、開(kāi)朗。

9.A lunch "hour" is often 30 minutes. Forget what you’ve seen on TV or read about in books; in many workplaces, 30 minutes is the maximum you can take for lunch, and people often don’t even do that and instead grab something and eat it on the go.

午餐時(shí)間通常是30分鐘。忘記你在電視上或是書上看到過(guò)的場(chǎng)景，在大部分工作場(chǎng)所中，30分鐘是可以用來(lái)午餐的最長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。大家通常只是隨便買些東西，匆匆忙忙地解決掉。

10.Your boss wants you to get to the point. In school, you might have learned to delve deeply into every aspect of an issue, but most managers want to hear the upshot first and then decide whether to ask for more background. This is true in face-to-face conversations, but it’s especially true in writing; few managers have the time or inclination to read multiple-page memos or lengthy emails. Short summaries with bullet points are generally preferred.

抓住重點(diǎn)。在學(xué)校，你可能學(xué)會(huì)了深層探究一個(gè)議題的各個(gè)方面。但是大多數(shù)管理人員首先想要聽(tīng)到結(jié)果，然后再?zèng)Q定要不要詢問(wèn)更多背景信息。這適用于面對(duì)面的交談，同時(shí)也尤其適用于筆頭文件。沒(méi)有人有時(shí)間、有心情讀上好幾頁(yè)的便條或是冗長(zhǎng)的郵件。簡(jiǎn)短的總結(jié)加上幾個(gè)重點(diǎn)更為合適。