VOA慢速英語(yǔ):菊花是可以修剪的（雙語(yǔ)）

菊花是可以修剪的(菊花種植)

This is the VOA Special English Agriculture Report.

這里是美國(guó)之音慢速英語(yǔ)農(nóng)業(yè)報(bào)道。

People have been growing chrysanthemums for more than two thousand years. Mums make bright and colorful gardens. People in China and other Asian cultures make tea with the flowers. Giacomo Puccini, the great Italian composer, even named one of his works after chrysanthemums, "Crisantemi."

人們種植菊花的歷史已有2000多年，菊花讓花園變得絢麗多彩。中國(guó)和亞洲其他國(guó)家的人用菊花泡茶。。偉大的意大利作曲家喬柯摩·普契尼還將他的一部作品命名為《菊花》 。

(MUSIC: Manhattan String Quartet)

One basic kind of mum is the hardy or garden mum. The other basic kind is the florist mum. The garden mum is better able to handle different growing conditions.

菊花的一種基本品種是耐寒的園藝菊，另一種基本品種是切花菊。相比來(lái)說(shuō)，園藝菊更能適應(yīng)不同的生長(zhǎng)環(huán)境。

There are many varieties of mums. The decorative mum is often seen in gardens. Another popular type, the quill mum, has long, straight petals like a tube or needle.

菊花的種類有很多，花園中我們經(jīng)常見(jiàn)到的是觀賞菊。另一種流行類型是翎毛菊，它的花瓣呈針或管狀。

Chrysanthemum blooms can be white, yellow, gold, red or other colors. The plants often grow one meter high.

菊花可以開(kāi)出白色、黃色、金色、紅色或其它顏色的花朵，它們通常能長(zhǎng)到一米高。

The soil for chrysanthemums should be kept moist but well drained so it does not get too wet.

種植菊花的土壤應(yīng)保持濕潤(rùn)，但還應(yīng)保持排水良好以免過(guò)于潮濕。

Newly planted mums should be watered two or three times a week, depending on conditions. Plants established in the ground may do well just with normal rainfall.

新種下的菊花根據(jù)其自身實(shí)際情況，應(yīng)該每周澆水2至3次。菊花在正常降雨條件下就能生長(zhǎng)得很好。

Mums grow best in full sunshine. They produce colorful blooms when days get shorter and nights get longer. The life cycle of the plant depends on the amount of daylight. This is why experts advise against placing mums near nightlights or streetlights. The light may interfere with their normal growth cycle. The plants may develop buds too soon.

菊花在日照充足時(shí)生長(zhǎng)的最好，當(dāng)白天變短，黑夜變長(zhǎng)時(shí)，它們就會(huì)開(kāi)出五顏六色的花朵。菊花的生長(zhǎng)周期取決于日照時(shí)間的長(zhǎng)短。因此，專家建議最好不要將菊花放置在夜燈或路燈附近，燈光可能會(huì)干擾其正常的生長(zhǎng)周期，使得其花蕾提前開(kāi)放。

In climates where temperatures fall below freezing, plant mums at least six weeks before the first frost is expected. That way, the plants will be well established for cold weather.

當(dāng)處于零度以下的氣候條件下時(shí)，應(yīng)該在霜降前6周種植菊花，這樣，菊花才能更好的適應(yīng)寒冷天氣。

Placing mulch around the plants can protect them from the cold. Consider using straw or shredded leaves for the mulch. The material will also add nutrients to the soil.

在菊花周圍鋪蓋覆蓋物可以保護(hù)菊花免受寒冷?？梢钥紤]用稻草或碎葉來(lái)覆蓋，這些還能增加土壤的養(yǎng)分。

Some gardeners say the most beautiful presentation comes from planting mums close together. But be sure to leave enough space to let air flow between the plants. If not, there may be a greater chance of disease.

一些園丁表示，密集的菊花最美麗，但還是要在株間留出足夠空間，以使空氣流通。否則菊花患病的幾率可能就會(huì)增加。

To get more blooms, gardeners pinch back the branches when new growth has reached fifteen centimeters. Squeeze about five to seven centimeters off each branch. Pinch it again when a branch grows another twelve to fifteen centimeters. Stop the pinching about one hundred days before you want the plants to bloom.

為了可以獲得更多的花朵，當(dāng)新枝長(zhǎng)到15厘米長(zhǎng)的時(shí)候，園丁就會(huì)進(jìn)行剪枝，每枝要減去5到7厘米長(zhǎng)。當(dāng)這些花枝再長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)12到15厘米時(shí)，需要再剪一次。在開(kāi)花前100天停止剪枝。

And that's the VOA Special English Agriculture Report. I'm Jim Tedder.

這就是本期的美國(guó)之音慢速英語(yǔ)農(nóng)業(yè)報(bào)道，我是吉姆·特德。