托福聽(tīng)力功能題：找準(zhǔn)例子和觀點(diǎn)的關(guān)系

　　托福聽(tīng)力功能題又被稱為目的題，這一題型類似于托福閱讀的修辭目的題，考察考生對(duì)于說(shuō)話人所舉例子或所說(shuō)話語(yǔ)在篇章中承擔(dān)功能的理解和挖掘，屬于官方對(duì)考生pragmatic understanding層面能力的考察。

　　功能題很好識(shí)別，常見(jiàn)問(wèn)法是：

　　Why does the professor mention X?

　　Why does the professor discuss X?

　　Why does the professor talk about X?

　　也就是說(shuō)問(wèn)教授為什么提到X，換句話就是問(wèn)X和前面觀點(diǎn)的關(guān)系。

　　針對(duì)功能題的三步解題攻略：1.找音頻中的觀點(diǎn)(比較概括又貼合主旨的句子)2.(舉例關(guān)鍵詞提示你開(kāi)始舉例)，聽(tīng)例子的內(nèi)容，不要狂記筆記!!!3.判斷例子和觀點(diǎn)的關(guān)系。

　　筆記則為：

　　觀點(diǎn)：XXX

　　↑(支持或反對(duì)觀點(diǎn))

　　e.g. ~~(簡(jiǎn)記哦)

　　一般在舉例，類比，有特殊語(yǔ)氣的地方經(jīng)常容易出此類題目。文章為了說(shuō)明一種現(xiàn)象，會(huì)加上一個(gè)例子去解釋，從出題者的角度出發(fā)，我們可以看出來(lái)，通常 idea 和 example 是捆綁說(shuō)明的，如果想明確這個(gè)example的作用，自然要理解與之捆綁的idea是什么。托福聽(tīng)力的特點(diǎn)是“先聽(tīng)文章后看見(jiàn)題”，需要考生在聽(tīng)的過(guò)程當(dāng)中，對(duì)出題點(diǎn)進(jìn)行預(yù)判斷。所以，如果在原文中聽(tīng)到一個(gè)example，建議注意聽(tīng)與之相匹配的idea。做題時(shí)，選項(xiàng)中的正確選項(xiàng)通常會(huì)是原文的同意轉(zhuǎn)換，而錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)很容易出現(xiàn)原文原詞的陷阱，所以建議通讀整個(gè)選項(xiàng)句子的意思，不要因?yàn)橛械倪x項(xiàng)有原文原詞就選。此類題目一定要多注意context語(yǔ)境，看所問(wèn)內(nèi)容在原文中的語(yǔ)境功能，有時(shí)即使沒(méi)聽(tīng)明白，但是知道在語(yǔ)境中的功能，還是可以做對(duì)題的。

　　下面我們來(lái)看一道例題：TPO 17 L4

　　Why does the professor first mention Proteus?

　　A. To explain how the octopus got its scientific name.

　　B. To introduce the octopus’ exceptional abilities.

　　C. To point out that the octopus played an important role in Greek mythology.

　　D. To provide an example of a mythological character that was part animal and part human.

　　聽(tīng)力原文節(jié)選

　　Anyone ever heard of Proteous? Proteus was a God in Greek mythology who could change form. He could make himself look like a lion or a stone or a tree, anything you wanted, and he could go through a whole series of changes very quickly. Well, the octopus is the real world version of Proteus. Just like Proteus, the octopus can go through all kinds of incredible transformations.

　　解題

　　根據(jù)原文“Well, the octopus is the real world version of Proteus. Just like Proteus, the octopus can go through all kinds of incredible transformations.” 對(duì)應(yīng)答案B，用Proteus解釋了章魚超凡的變形能力。

　　以上就是關(guān)于托福聽(tīng)力功能題的解題攻略介紹，簡(jiǎn)單來(lái)說(shuō)此類題型最重要的就是要找準(zhǔn)例子與觀點(diǎn)的關(guān)系，明確說(shuō)話人所舉例子或所說(shuō)話語(yǔ)在篇章中承擔(dān)的功能，注意結(jié)合語(yǔ)境。