[高中]全新語法:四、現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式

四、現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式

1.現(xiàn)在分詞被動(dòng)式的用法

（1）一般時(shí)的被動(dòng)式：表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或與謂語動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作。

Who is the woman being operated on？ 正在動(dòng)手術(shù)的女人是誰？

I saw him being taken away by the police.我看見他被警察帶走。

（2）完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)式：表示發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞之前且已經(jīng)完成的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作。

Having been written in a hurry，the book has many mistakes.

這書因?qū)懙脗}促，所以錯(cuò)誤不少。

Having been surrounded for a month，the enemy had to give in.

被包圍一個(gè)月后，敵人不得不投降了。

2.現(xiàn)在分詞被動(dòng)式的句法作用

（1）作主語

Being lost can be a terrifying experience.迷路可能是一種很可怕的經(jīng)歷。

Being caught in a heavy traffic is quite an unpleasant thing.

交通擁擠堵車是相當(dāng)討厭的事情。

（2）作賓語

He can’t stand being kept waiting.讓他等著，他可不干。

Do you like being stared at？ 你愿意人家盯著你看嗎？

（3）作賓語補(bǔ)足語

I woke up to hear the bedroom door being opened slowly.

我醒來聽見臥室門被慢慢推開了。

I found myself being drawn into another argument.我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己又卷入了另一場(chǎng)爭(zhēng)論。

（4）作定語

Did you see that boy being questioned by the police？

你看見那個(gè)受到警察盤問的男孩了嗎？

We are going to reduce the number of trees being cut down.

我們要減少樹木的砍伐數(shù)量。

【提示】 having been done 只做狀語，作定語時(shí)用done。

Having been ill for a long time，he needed time to recover.

由于病了很長時(shí)間，他需要一段時(shí)間恢復(fù)。（having been ill ...作狀語）

He regretted the hours wasted in the woods.

他后悔在樹林里浪費(fèi)了幾個(gè)小時(shí)。（wasted in the woods作定語，修飾the hours）

3.to be done，being done，done的區(qū)別

The house to be built next year is a cinema.

明年要建的那幢房子是家電影院。（to be built將要建）

The house being built now is a cinema.

現(xiàn)在正在建的房子是家電影院。（being built正在建）

The house built last year is a cinema.

去年建的那幢房子是家電影院。（built已經(jīng)建）