[高中]全新語(yǔ)法:動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的用法 八、將來(lái)完成時(shí)

八、將來(lái)完成時(shí)

1.基本用法

（1）表示未來(lái)某時(shí)之前或未來(lái)某動(dòng)作前已經(jīng)完成之動(dòng)作。

By the end of this week，I shall have finished the book.到本周末，我將讀完這本書。

By this time tomorrow they will have repaired the machine.

明天這時(shí)候，他們將修好機(jī)器。

（2）表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)可能已經(jīng)完成動(dòng)作的推測(cè)，相當(dāng)于“must have done”結(jié)構(gòu)。

You will have heard of this，I guess.我想你已經(jīng)聽說(shuō)過(guò)這件事了。

I am sure he will have got the information.我相信他一定得到了這個(gè)信息。

（3）表示持續(xù)到將來(lái)某時(shí)已經(jīng)一段時(shí)間的動(dòng)作。

They will have been married for thirty years by 2009.到2009年他們結(jié)婚將滿30年了。

We shall have lived here for five years by next March.

到明年3月我們將在此住了5年。

2.將來(lái)完成時(shí)的常用句式

（1）By the time+主語(yǔ)+一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主句+will/shall have done ...

The children will have gone to sleep by the time we get home.

等我們回家時(shí)，孩子們將已睡了。

【比較】

①By the time he returns we will have prepared the meal.（主句用將來(lái)完成時(shí)）

②By the time he returned we had prepared the meal.（主句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)）

（2）By the end of next ...，主句+will/shall have done ...

By the end of next year，they will have completed the work on the new stadium.

到明年年底前他們將已經(jīng)完成新體育館的建設(shè)。

By the end of next month，they will have built the bridge.

到下月底前他們將已經(jīng)完成大橋的建設(shè)。

【比較】

①By the end of next term we will have read 300 books.（主句用將來(lái)完成時(shí)）

②By the end of last term we had read over 300 books.（主句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)）