[高中]全新語(yǔ)法:并列連詞 二、關(guān)聯(lián)連詞的用法

二、關(guān)聯(lián)連詞的用法

1.both ...and...意為“和……都；既……又……”

She both speaks and writes Japanese.她不僅會(huì)說(shuō)日語(yǔ)，而且還會(huì)寫(xiě)。

He spoke with both kindness and understanding.他說(shuō)話既親切又明事理。

【提示】 both ...and ...連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)要用復(fù)數(shù)。

Both she and Sophia were pleased with the girl.她和索菲婭都喜歡這姑娘。

2.either ...or ...意為“要么……要么……”、“不是……就是……”

Either come in or go out.要么進(jìn)來(lái)，要么出去。

I want to visit either Paris or London.我想去巴黎或倫敦游覽一下。

You can either have tea or coffee.你喝茶也行，喝咖啡也行。

Either he did not speak distinctly or I did not hear well.

不是他沒(méi)講清楚，就是我沒(méi)聽(tīng)明白。

3.neither ...nor ...意為“既不……也不……”

She likes neither butter nor cheese.她既不喜歡黃油也不喜歡乳酪。

She is neither clever nor hardworking.她既不聰明，又不勤奮。

Neither he nor she is at home today.今天他和她都不在家。

【提示】

①neither ...nor ...，either ...or ...連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要遵循“就近一致”原則。

Neither you nor he is to blame.既不要你負(fù)責(zé)也不要他負(fù)責(zé)。

Neither he nor you are to blame.既不要他負(fù)責(zé)也不要你負(fù)責(zé)。

②neither/nor置于句首時(shí)，要用倒裝語(yǔ)序。

He doesn’t go to school by bike.Neither/Nor do I.

他不是騎自行車(chē)上學(xué)，我也不是。

You can’t sing，nor can I，neither/nor can she.你不會(huì)唱歌，我不會(huì)，她也不會(huì)。

4.not only ...but also 連接“平行結(jié)構(gòu)”，意為“不但……而且；既……又……”

（1）連接主語(yǔ)

Not only you but also I am hungry.不只你，我也餓了呢。

Not only men but also women were chosen.不僅僅是男的，女的也有被選中的。

（2）連接謂語(yǔ)

She not only plays well，but also writes music.她不僅很會(huì)演奏，而且還會(huì)作曲。

He not only read the book，but also remembered what he read.

他不僅讀過(guò)這本書(shū)，還記得內(nèi)容。

（3）連接表語(yǔ)

He is not only rude but also selfish.他不但無(wú)禮，而且自私。

The place was not only cold，but also damp.那個(gè)地方不但很冷而且很潮濕。

（4）連接賓語(yǔ)

He speaks not only French but also English well.他法語(yǔ)和英語(yǔ)都說(shuō)得好。

She likes not only music but also sport.她不但喜歡音樂(lè)而且喜歡運(yùn)動(dòng)。

（5）連接賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)

I find the story not only interesting but also instructive.

我發(fā)現(xiàn)故事不但有趣而且有教育意義。

Light and bright colors make people not only happier but more active.

淺色和鮮艷的顏色不但使人看了高興，也會(huì)使人更加活潑。

（6）連接定語(yǔ)

Man has become master not only of the earth but also of the space.

人類(lèi)不但征服了地球，而且征服了太空。

There are problems not only with the students，but also with the teachers themselves.

不但學(xué)生們有難題，教師們自己也有。

（7）連接狀語(yǔ)

We go there not only in winter，but also in summer.我們不僅冬天去那兒，而且夏天也去。

He works not only on weekdays but on Sundays as well.

他不僅平時(shí)工作，星期日也工作。

（8）連接句子

I not only heard it，but （also）I saw it.我不僅聽(tīng)到，而且看到了它。

He has not only a first-class brain but also he is a diligent worker.

他不僅有著頭等聰明的腦子，而且工作很能吃苦。

【提示】

①not only連接兩個(gè)分句并置于句首時(shí)，它引導(dǎo)的分句用倒裝語(yǔ)序。

Not only did he make a promise，but he kept it.他不僅許下諾言，而且說(shuō)到做到。

Not only is he dependable，but also he is trustworthy.他不僅可靠而且值得信賴(lài)。

②如果連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞遵循“就近一致”原則。

【比較】 不僅你錯(cuò)了，連我也錯(cuò)了。

①Not only you but also I am wrong.（謂語(yǔ)由I 決定）

②Not only I but also you are wrong.（謂語(yǔ)由you 決定）

5.as well as 連接“平行結(jié)構(gòu)”，意為“不但……而且；既……又……”

（1）連接名詞或代詞

Aluminium as well as most metals is a good conductor.鋁和大多數(shù)金屬都是良導(dǎo)體。

It is important for you as well as for me.這對(duì)我很重要，對(duì)你也很重要。

【比較】

①They have invited you as well as me.

他們邀請(qǐng)了我，也邀請(qǐng)了你。（you和me 都作invited的賓語(yǔ)）

②They have invited you as well as I.

他們和我一樣都邀請(qǐng)了你。（they和I在句中作主語(yǔ)）

（2）連接形容詞

She’s clever as well as beautiful.她不但漂亮，而且聰明。

The child is lively as well as healthy.孩子既健康又活潑。

（3）連接動(dòng)名詞，尤其是置于句首

As well as walking，he likes fishing and shooting.他除散步之外還喜歡釣魚(yú)和打獵。

As well as breaking his leg，he hurt his arm.他不但摔斷了腿，而且也傷了胳膊。

（4）連接介詞短語(yǔ)

His name is known all over the world as well as in Japan.

他不僅在日本很有名，而且聞名全球。

We shall travel by night as well as by day.我們將日夜兼程。

（5）連接從句

We need air when we are asleep as well as when we are awake.

我們不僅在醒著的時(shí)候需要空氣，在睡著的時(shí)候也需要空氣。

【提示】

①表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)象為前者。

She can speak not only Japanese but also English.（強(qiáng)調(diào)會(huì)講英語(yǔ)）

She can speak Japanese as well as English.（強(qiáng)調(diào)會(huì)講日語(yǔ)）

②謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞遵循“就前原則”。

This dictionary as well as those books belongs to me.

那些書(shū)以及這本詞典都是屬于我的。（與dictionary 一致）