【醫(yī)院口語(yǔ)會(huì)話】護(hù)士和肺氣腫病人談話

　　Patient： I'm 65 yeares old.

　　N： What's troubling you?

　　P： I have had a bed cough and my heart is beating very fast. My blood pressure is highter.

　　N： Have you taken some mediceine the doctor gave you? Have you given up smoking and kept off any alcohol?

　　P： No， I have not by now.

　　N： Now you have suffered emphysema and your blood pressure and heart are abnomal. So from now on， you must stop smoking and keep off any alcohol till forever.

　　N： Now there is very strong evidence that smoking is a hazard to health. Smoking irritates the throat and respiratory passages. It is sometimes linked to loss of appetite， nausea， shortness of breath， and irregularity of the hearbeat. Buteven more important， smoking- - - particularly cigarette smoking - - - has been linked to chronic and often fatal diseases of the respiratory tract. Overw helmingstatistical evidence shows that smokers are more likely to develop cancer of the lung， throat， tongue， and jaw than are nonsmokers. They are also more likely to develop emphysema and bronchitis.

　　N： In addition， apart from the tobacco tar contained in tobacco tar contained in tobacco smoke， the effects of tobacco depend almost entirely upon its nicotine content. Smoking is very harmful to people， young or old especially to older people who suffered from emphysema or heart disease， and hypertension. In just three seconds a cigarette makes your heart beat faster， shoots your blood pressure up .

　　P： Oh， I see. Then， how to stay healthy for older people?

　　N： To a considerable extent， the individual is responsible for his own health. You must establish a definite pattern of healthy living if you are to maintain a sats factory level of wellbeing.

　　1.Exercise regularly such as doing shadow-boxing exercises， going for a walk in the morning.

　　2.Eat a diet that provides a proper balance of proteins ，，car bohy drates， fats， and a lot of vegetables and fruits which not only help to prevent constipation， but also give you the energy， vitamins and minerals that you need for daily activities.

　　3.Obtain sufficient sleep and rest. Individuals vary in their need for sleep， with most adults averaging about eight hours per night.

　　4.Schedule regular visits to your doctor.

　　5.Keep in true with your body. Familiarize yourself with the warning signs of illness and seek medical attention promptly if you should becmome ill.

　　6.Finally， most important of all， maintaining a healthy mental outlook is essential to health.

　　P： Well， thanks

　　護(hù)士：您多大歲數(shù)了?

　　病人：我65歲了。

　　護(hù)士：您哪兒難受?

　　病人：我咳嗽很厲害，心跳得很快，血壓也高。

　　護(hù)士：您吃了大夫給開(kāi)的藥了嗎?您戒煙和酒了嗎?

　　病人：沒(méi)有，我至今還未戒掉。

　　護(hù)士：現(xiàn)在您患的是肺氣腫病，此外血壓和心臟也不正常，因此，從現(xiàn)在起您必須馬上戒掉煙、酒， 以后再不能吸煙、喝酒。

　　現(xiàn)在已有可靠的證據(jù)表明，抽煙對(duì)健康十分有害，它刺激咽喉和呼吸道，有時(shí)還會(huì)引起食欲不振、惡心、呼吸急促、心律不齊。但更為重要的是呼吸道的慢性病，而且常常是致命性的疾病與抽煙-尤其是卷煙有關(guān)。大多數(shù)資料統(tǒng)計(jì)證明，抽煙者較之不抽煙者更易患肺、咽喉、舌的癌癥。也更容易患肺氣腫和支氣管炎。

　　護(hù)士：此外，煙草對(duì)健康的損害，除了煙霧中所含的煙油造成的以外，幾乎完全是由于煙草中含有的尼古丁造成的。抽煙對(duì)于人，無(wú)論是年輕人還是老年人都是有害無(wú)益的。特別是對(duì)已患有肺氣腫、心臟病和高血壓的老齡患者來(lái)說(shuō)更是危害極大。一支煙可以僅在3秒鐘之內(nèi)，就使您的心跳加快，血壓上升。

　　病人：是的，我明白了，那么老年人怎樣才能保持健康呢?

　　護(hù)士：從某種程度上來(lái)說(shuō)，每個(gè)人都應(yīng)對(duì)自己的身體健康負(fù)責(zé)。如果你想保持良好的健康水平，就必須有一定的正常生活方式。

　　1.要經(jīng)常鍛煉身體，如打一打太極拳，早晨起來(lái)散散步。

　　2.要吃含適量的蛋白質(zhì)、糖和脂肪的食物。多吃蔬菜和水果，這不僅可以防止便秘，而且可以向你提供日常生活所需要的能量、維生素和礦物質(zhì)。

　　3.要有足夠的睡眠和休息。每個(gè)人所需要的睡眠時(shí)間長(zhǎng)短不一，大多數(shù)成年人平均每天睡眠時(shí)間約8個(gè)小時(shí)。

　　4.要定期到醫(yī)院進(jìn)行體檢。

　　5.要隨時(shí)注意你的身體狀況，熟悉你要生病的種種征兆，一旦生病就馬站去求醫(yī)。

　　6.最后，也是最為重要的一點(diǎn)，即保持心情舒暢，這是保證健康的最基本的條件。

　　病人：明白了，謝謝。