自考英語：英語翻譯技巧二

聽力課堂小編：直譯是基礎(chǔ)，意譯是補(bǔ)充，能直譯就盡量直譯，不能直譯就采取意譯，這是很重要的一點(diǎn)!那么什么是直譯與意譯！

直譯：直譯是一種重要的翻譯方法，它有不少優(yōu)點(diǎn)，例如能傳達(dá)原文意義，體現(xiàn)原文風(fēng)格等。據(jù)估算，大約70%的句子要用直譯方法來處理，所以直譯廣為譯者采用，由此可見直譯法之重要。

所謂“直譯”就是既保持原文內(nèi)容,又保持原文形式的翻譯方法或翻譯文字。特別要注意的是:“直譯”中要杜絕“生搬硬套的翻譯”, 所謂“直譯”就是既保持原文內(nèi)容,又保持原文形式的翻譯方法或翻譯文:“直譯”中要杜絕“生搬硬套的翻譯”,

意譯：意譯free translation;paraphrase;liberal translation，是指根據(jù)原文的大意來翻譯，不作逐字逐句的翻譯(區(qū)別于“直譯”)。

直譯與意譯

直譯是基礎(chǔ)，意譯是補(bǔ)充。能直譯就盡量直譯，不能直譯就采取意譯。

1. Their accent couldn‘t fool a native speaker.

A. 他們的口音不能愚弄本地人

B.本地人是不會聽不出他們是外鄉(xiāng)人的。

C.本地人一聽他們的口音便知道他們是外鄉(xiāng)人的。

2. Smashing a mirror is no way to make an ugly person beautiful ， nor is it a way to make social problems evaporate.

意譯：砸鏡子并不能解決實(shí)際問題。

直譯：砸鏡子并不能使丑八怪變漂亮，也不能使社會問題煙消云散。

3.He felt a rush of fear churning his stomach.直譯：他感到一陣恐懼涌上胃口意譯：他感到一陣恐懼涌上心頭

4. He bent solely upon profit.

A. 他只屈身與利潤之前

B.只有利潤才使他低頭。

C.他惟利是圖

5. Would there be any possibility of having breakfast on the train before we are decanted in Munich ?

A.當(dāng)我們在慕尼黑被騰出車廂之前有任何在火車上吃早飯的可能性嗎?

B.我們在慕尼黑被騰出車廂之前，有可能在火車上吃早飯嗎?

6. He had about as much chance of getting a job as of being chosen mayor of Chicago.

A.他找到工作的機(jī)會和當(dāng)選芝加哥市長的機(jī)會差不多

B.他找到工作的機(jī)會簡直跟當(dāng)選芝加哥市長同樣困難。

C.他找到工作的機(jī)會簡直微乎其微。

正說與反說

1.The administration was free corruption. 這屆政府沒有腐敗現(xiàn)象

2. Wet paint. 油漆未干

3.I remained confused about the problem.這個(gè)問題我還是不懂

4. They are dependent on each other.他們誰也離不開誰

5. He is far from what I expected.他遠(yuǎn)不是我想象的那樣。

6. let bygones be bygones.既往不咎

7. As was expected， he passed the exam easily. 果不出所料，他輕而易舉地通過了考試

8.We will live up to what our Patty expects of us.我們決不辜負(fù)黨對我們的期望。

9. I hate the lack of privacy in the dorrnitory.我討厭宿舍里沒有獨(dú)處的機(jī)會。

10. You evidently think otherwise.你顯然有不同的看法

11. He will die of hunger before he will steal. 他寧愿餓死，也不愿去偷。

12. That little bridge is anything but safe.那座橋一點(diǎn)也不安全。

13. So far from taking my advice， he went and did just what I warned in ~ainit.他不但不聽我的勸告，反而去做了我警告他不要做的事情。

14. He was more frightened than hurt. 他沒有受什么傷，倒是受驚不小

正說

15. Don‘t unstring your shoes.把鞋帶系上

16. Ml the teachers ， without exception are to attend the meet Sunday. 所有的老師都要參加星期五的會議。

17. She carne into the room without shoes on. 她光腳走進(jìn)了房間。

18. The doctor lost no tune in getting the sick man to hospital.醫(yī)生立即把病人送往醫(yī)院。

19. I have no doubt that you will succeed.我相信你會成功。

20. It‘s no distance at all to the school ， only a short walk. 從這到學(xué)校很近，只需要很短一段路。

正、反說分析

21.If he had kept his temper， the negotiations would probably have been a success.如果他克制脾氣，談判可能早就成功了。

22.Some people refrain from expressing their gratitude because they feel it will not be welcome. 有些人不愿意表達(dá)他們的感激之情，因?yàn)橛X得著有可能不受歡迎。

23. If you forward the transcripts yourself ， they can be considered official only if the school envelope has remained sealed. 如果證件由申請人本人遞交，則本人不得擅自啟封，否則證件將被視為無效。

24. We must never stop taking an optimistic view of life. 我們對生活要永遠(yuǎn)抱樂觀的態(tài)度。

25. We strongly disapprove of the company‘ s new policy.我們強(qiáng)烈反對公司的新政策。

拆句單詞拆譯

26.Incidentally ， I suggest that you have the telephone moved to the sitting-room. 順便說一句，我建議你把電話移至起居室。

27.He had a disconcerting habit of expressing contradictory ideas in rapid succession.他有個(gè)習(xí)慣叫人受不了，意思反復(fù)不定，一會一個(gè)主張。

短語拆譯

28. Throughout his life ， Benjamin Franklin continued his education， learning from human contacts as well as from books.本杰明。富蘭克林整個(gè)一生都在受教育，他不僅從書本中學(xué)習(xí)，而且也從與人交往中學(xué)習(xí)。

29. Energy can neither he created nor destroyed ， a universally accepted law.能量即不能創(chuàng)造也不能消滅，這是一條公認(rèn)的規(guī)律。

30. The meeting ended with protestations of friendship from everyone. 會議結(jié)束，人人表示彼此將友好相處。

31. His failure to observe the safety regulations resulted in an accident to the machinery.因?yàn)樗麤]能遵守安全規(guī)則，機(jī)器出了故障。

32. His weak chest predisposes him to winter colds. 他的肺部很弱，冬天容易感冒。

33.He shook his head and his eyes were wide ， then narowed in in-dignation.他搖了搖頭，兩眼睜的圓圓的，接著有瞇成一條線，臉上露出了憤怒的神情。

句子拆譯這里主要指英語復(fù)合句，尤其是長句的拆譯。

34. He had left a note of welcome for me， as sunny as his face.他留下一封段信，對我表示歡迎，那信寫的熱情洋溢，一如其人。

35. While I was waiting to enter university ， I saw advertised in a local newspaper a teaching post at a school in a suburb of London about ten miles from where I lived. 當(dāng)我等著進(jìn)大學(xué)期間，我在一份地方報(bào)紙上看到一則廣告，說是在離我住處大約10英里的倫敦某郊區(qū)，有所學(xué)校要招聘一名教師。

順序法

36. Your presumption that I would want to share a flat with you is false. 你認(rèn)為我會和你同住一套公寓，那就錯(cuò)了 .

37.Researchers have established that when people are mentally en-gaged， biochemical changes occur in the brain that allow it to act more effectively in cognitive (認(rèn)知的) areas such as attention and memory. 研究人員證實(shí)：人們在動腦筋時(shí)，頭腦會產(chǎn)生很多的變化，使頭腦在注意力和記憶力這類認(rèn)知領(lǐng)域中更有效地活動

38. During the ice ages ， human beings exposed to the colder temperatures of the time would often make their homes in caves. 在冰河時(shí)代，人們面臨當(dāng)時(shí)較為寒冷的氣溫，常常在洞穴里安家。

逆序法

39. It was extended and preserved in the 19th century ， when our nation spread across the continent ， saved the union， and abolished the awful scourge of slavery.在19世紀(jì)，我們的國家橫跨大陸，拯救了聯(lián)邦，廢除了恐怖的奴隸制的蹂躪，這一信念才得以流傳可擴(kuò)展。

40.By January 16， just a month after the beginning of the offensive on which Hitler had staked his last reserves in men and guns and ammunition ， the German forces were back to line from which they had set out.到1 月16日，德軍又回到了他們當(dāng)初出擊的戰(zhàn)線，這恰好是希特勒把他最后的兵力、大炮、彈藥儲備孤注一擲、發(fā)動進(jìn)攻的一個(gè)月之后。

41. Five score years ago， a great American ， in whose symbolic shadow we stand by，signed the Emancipation Proclamation. 100 年前，一位偉人簽署了《奴隸解放宣言》，今天，我們正是站在這位偉人富有象征意義的雕象下集會。

變序法(綜合法)

42. Can you answer a question which I want to ask and which is puzzling me?

我有個(gè)問題弄不懂，想請教你，你能回答嗎?

43. He had cleared up those confusions which arose from different medicines that had the same name and from various names that had been given to the same substance. 藥名混亂，有的由于不同藥物同一名稱所引起，而有的則由于同一藥物不同名稱所造成，他對此一一作了澄清。

44. One teacher writes that instead of drowning students‘ compositions in critical red ink ， the teacher will get far more constructive results by finding one or two things which have been done better than last time， and commenting favorably on them.一位老師這樣寫到：如果我們能從學(xué)生作文中找出一兩處比上次做的更好的地方，并提出表揚(yáng)性評語，而不是用紅墨水把學(xué)生的作文批改的一塌糊涂，我們就能從中的更富有建設(shè)性的結(jié)果。

45. Ours is a profession which traditionally has been guided by a precept that transcends the virtue of uttering the truth for truth‘5 sake ， and that is as far aspossible do no harm. 我們的職業(yè)傳統(tǒng)上格守一個(gè)信條，那就是盡可能的不造成傷害，這一信條勝過為講真話而講真話的美德。

46. The president said at a press conference dominated by questions on yesterday election results that he could not explain why the Republicans had suffered such a widespread defeat，which in the end would deprive the Republican Patty of Tong-held superiority in the House.在一次記者招待會上，問題集中于昨天的選舉結(jié)果，總統(tǒng)就此發(fā)了言。他說他無法解釋為何共和黨遭到如此大的失敗。這種情況最終使共和黨在眾議院中失去了長期享有的優(yōu)勢。

為何要拆句?

47.Literature offers us the knowledge of the long life which phobia have had in mankind.文獻(xiàn)讓我們了解到，恐懼癥在人類中具有漫長的歷史。

48.What is good ， I suppose， is that many people a“e concerned about TV‘ s influence and that we have the power to change what we don’ t like. 我看，好在有許多人關(guān)心電視的影響，而我們也有能力改變我們所不喜歡的東西。

以上內(nèi)容就是聽力課堂小編介紹的，如需學(xué)習(xí)更多翻譯知識，就上聽力課堂網(wǎng)！