外國人最想和你聊的時事話題：未來能源
- 雙語介紹
- 關(guān)鍵詞句
What is future energy 什么是未來能源
Future Energy is a former accreditation scheme for green electricity in the United Kingdom, designed to support and stimulate electricity generation from renewable energy sources. The scheme was launched in 1999 and was operated by the Energy Saving Trust until funding expired in 2002.
It is thought that funding was not renewed because too few suppliers were prepared to accept the new requirements for green tariffs proposed by the Trust following the introduction of the Renewables Obligation. As of 2007 the scheme has not been replaced, although Friends of the Earth, who used to run their own scheme, have been among those calling on the government to do so.
Renewable energy is energy which comes from natural resources such as sunlight, wind, rain, tides, and geothermal heat, which are renewable (naturally replenished.) Renewable energy is an alternative to fossil fuels and nuclear power, and was commonly called alternative energy in the 1970s and 1980s. In 2008, about 19％ of global final energy consumption came from renewable, with 13％ coming from traditional biomass, which is mainly used for heating, and 3.2％ from hydroelectricity. New renewables (small hydro, modern biomass, wind, solar, geothermal, and biofuels) accounted for another 2.7％ and are growing very rapidly. The share of renewable in electricity generation is around 18％, with 15％ of global electricity coming from hydroelectricity and 3％ from new renewable.
Wind power is growing at the rate of 30％ annually, with a worldwide installed capacity of 158 gigawatts (GW) in 2009, and is widely used in Europe, Asia, and the United States. At the end of 2009, cumulative global photovoltaic (PV) installations surpassed 21 GW and PV power stations are popular in Germany and Spain. Solar thermal power stations operate in the USA and Spain, and the largest of these is the 354 megawatt (MW) SEGS power plant in the Mojave Desert. The world's largest geothermal power installation is The Geysers in California, with a rated capacity of 750 MW. Brazil has one of the largest renewable energy programs in the world, involving production of ethanol fuel from sugar cane, and ethanol now provides 18％ of the country's automotive fuel. Ethanol fuel is also widely available in the USA.
Climate change concerns, coupled with high oil prices, peak oil, and increasing government support, are driving increasing renewable energy legislation, incentives and commercialization. New government spending, regulation and policies helped the industry weather the global financial crisis better than many other sectors. Scientists have advanced a plan to power 100％ of the world's energy with wind, hydroelectric, and solar power by the year 2030, recommending renewable energy subsidies and a price on carbon reflecting its cost for flood and related expenses.
While many renewable energy projects are large-scale, renewable technologies are also suited to rural and remote areas, where energy is often crucial in human development. Globally, an estimated 3 million households get power from small solar PV systems. Micro-hydro systems configured into village-scale or county-scale mini-grids serve many areas. More than 30 million rural households get lighting and cooking from biogas made in household-scale digesters. Biomass cook stoves are used by 160 million households.
未來能源（future energy）的各種形式都是直接或者間接地來自于太陽或地球內(nèi)部深處所產(chǎn)生的熱能(thermal energy)。包括了太陽能(solar energy)、風(fēng)能、生物質(zhì)能(biomass energy)、地?zé)崮?geothermal energy)、核聚變能(nuclear fusion energy)、水能(hydro energy)和海洋能(ocean energy)以及由可再生能源衍生出來的生物燃料(biofuel)和氫所產(chǎn)生的能量。也可以說，未來能源包括各種可再生能源(renewable energy)和核能(nuclear power)。相對于傳統(tǒng)能源，未來能源普遍具有污染少、儲量(reserve volume)大的特點，對于解決當(dāng)今世界嚴重的環(huán)境污染問題和資源（特別是化石能源fossil energy）枯竭問題具有重要意義。同時，由于很多未來能源分布均勻，對于解決由能源引發(fā)的戰(zhàn)爭也有著重要意義。
Many energy experts say that more investment in hydroelectricity is the only way to meet future demand.
許多能源專家講道，在水利電力上進行更多的投資是唯一能滿足未來能源需求的方法。
The sun seems to be the most promising source for the future.
太陽似乎是未來最有希望的能源。
Land and other resources should not constrain the development of biomass as a renewable energy source for the future.
土地和其他資源應(yīng)該不妨礙作為未來可更新能源的生物量的發(fā)展。
Although fuel cells have been around since 1839, fuel cells sound like the energy source of the future.
盡管燃料電池在1839年就出現(xiàn)了，可聽起來它還是像一種未來的能源。
The importance of water is further enhanced as it is expected to be the source of energy in the future.
當(dāng)人們期望著水成為未來的一種新能源的時候，水的重要性進一步增加了。
The preceding biofuel comes from food, but scientists want to make biofuel by waste farm products.
上面的生物能源來自于食物，未來科學(xué)家們想用農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)品垃圾來制造生物能源。
Already we have seen tremendous advances in the use of nuclear energy for peaceful purposes, and many people regard nuclear energy as the answer to almost all of our future energy needs.
我們已經(jīng)看到和平利用核能所帶來的巨大好處，并且很多人認為核能可以看作解決未來人類能源需求問題的答案。
The research of Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) techniques is a powerful act to resolve the energy crisis and environment pollution.
激光核聚變研究是人類解決未來能源危機及改善嚴重環(huán)境污染的一項重大舉措。
Much more emphasis has been placed on electric vehicle (EV), due to consideration of energy development, energy safety and environment protection.
為滿足未來能源發(fā)展、能源安全以及環(huán)保的要求，電動汽車越來越受重視。
As a secondary energy, Hydrogen will become one of the main energy in the future.
氫氣作為二次能源將成為未來的主要能源之一。
The relationship of different kind energy consumption trend quantity and economy varies because of different countries and areas.
不同種類的能源消費趨勢量與經(jīng)濟的關(guān)系因國家和地區(qū)的不同而有差別。
EU citizens have done an immeasurable service to future generations of all nations through its courageous new energy policies.
歐盟公民通過這項膽識過人的新能源政策，為各國未來世代子孫所帶來的利益將難以計量。
Part 3 Let's Talk！ 開始交流吧！
Cathy: What do you think of the lecture?
凱西：你認為這個講座怎么樣？
Leon: You mean the one On Future Energy?
雷昂：你是說"未來能源"嗎？
Cathy: That's right.
凱西：對。
Leon: I think it was very interesting and helpful.
雷昂：我覺得很有趣，也很有幫助。
Cathy: Do you really mean that?
凱西：你真的這么認為？
Leon: Yes. Don't you?
雷昂：對。你不這么想？
Cathy: But I think some of his view points are not correct.
凱西：但是我想他的一些觀點并不正確。
Leon: Yes?
雷昂：是嗎？
Cathy: Take the coal for instance.
凱西：拿煤炭來說吧。
Leon: What about it?
雷昂：煤炭怎么了？
Cathy: Coal won't become important again. Everybody can see that.
凱西：煤炭不會再重要了，這一點人人都可以看到。
Leon: Why not?
雷昂：為什么？
Cathy: For one thing, it's too dirty. We won't be able to find people to work down coal mines in the future. For another, we'll use up all the coal underground. We have to develop new kinds of energy such as atomic energy.
凱西：一方面它太臟，將來我們不會看到有人在地下的煤礦采煤，另一方面地下的煤會被用完，我們必須開發(fā)新的能源，例如原子能。
Leon: We'll invent new kinds of machinery to mine underground for us and nobody can tell exactly how much coal there is underground. Atomic energy can't take the place of coal because it's too dangerous to produce. Once leakage occurs, it'll bring disastrous.
雷昂：我們可以制造新型機械來代替人工在地下采煤，并且沒有人確切地知道地下到底有多少煤。原子能無法取代煤炭，因為生產(chǎn)原子能太危險，一旦發(fā)生泄漏，將會有災(zāi)難性的后果，許多人反對發(fā)展原子能。
Cathy: Nonsense. When atomic energy is used widely, we'll certainly have more advanced and stricter preventive measures to prevent any kind of leakage. It's safe and clean as well.
凱西：也不對。當(dāng)原子能廣泛使用時我們當(dāng)然會采取更先進更嚴格的預(yù)防措施來防止任何泄漏發(fā)生。它既安全又衛(wèi)生。
Leon: You have something there. Perhaps we can use coal, oil and atomic energy side by side.
雷昂：你說得有道理。也許我們可以同時利用煤炭、石油、原子能能源。
Cathy: Yes. The future is always hard to predict. It's decided by many unexpected factors.
凱西：對。將來難以預(yù)測。它是由許多意想不到的因素決定的。
Leon: That's right. Let's hope for the best.
雷昂：是的。讓我們對未來寄予最好的希望。
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