Great Expectations (excerpt)
下面的一段文字選自查爾斯·狄更斯的《遠(yuǎn)大前程》(1860—1861),這是他比較晚期的作品。狄更斯在經(jīng)歷了豐富的人生后,對人、事、周圍環(huán)境及自己的生活經(jīng)歷都有了深刻的理解,而他所有成熟的思想都匯總在《遠(yuǎn)大前程》一書中。這部作品的語言可謂是出神入化,要學(xué)習(xí)英國語言,這是一本典范。狄更斯的作品不矯揉造作,不選用那些華而不實的詞語。他的用詞都簡單明了,通俗易懂。所以小說讀來樸實無華,如行云流水。
As the night was fast falling, and as the moon, being past the full, would not rise early, we held a little council: a short one, for clearly our course was to lie by at the first lonely tavern we could find. So, they plied their oars once more, and I looked out for anything like a house. Thus we held on, speaking little, for four or five dull miles. It was very cold, and, a collier coming by us, with her gallery-fire smoking and flaring, looked like a comfortable home. The night was as dark by this time as it would be until morning; and what light we had, seemed to come more from the river than the sky, as the oars in their dipping stuck at a few reflected stars.
—— Charles Dickens
天黑得很快,偏巧這天又是下弦月,月亮不會很早升起。我們就稍稍商量了一下,可是也用不著多討論,因為情況是明擺著的,再劃下去我們一遇到冷落的酒店就得投宿。于是他們又使勁打起漿來,我則用心尋找岸上是否隱隱約約有什么房屋的模樣。這樣又趕了四五英里路,一路上好不氣悶,大家簡直不說一句話。天氣非常冷,一艘煤船從我們近旁駛過,船上廚房里生著火,炊煙縷縷,火光熒熒,在我們看來簡直就是個安樂家了。這時夜已透黑,看來就要這樣一直黑到天明,我們僅有的一點光亮似乎不是來自天空,而是來自河上,一漿又一漿的,攪動著那寥寥幾顆倒映在水里的寒星。
[注釋]:
council: an assembly of persons called together for consultation, deliberation, or discussion 討
論會議
tavern: an inn for travelers 酒館,客棧
plied their oars :使勁劃起槳來
collier: a coal ship 運煤船
gallery-fire:廚房
Great Expectations,意思是指一筆遺產(chǎn),中文譯為“遠(yuǎn)大前程”(有的譯作“孤星血淚”)。這個譯名給讀者一種印象,即作品的主人公是有遠(yuǎn)大前程的。而事實上,這個“遠(yuǎn)大前程”是帶諷刺意義的,這部作品的主題決非僅僅是寫孤兒皮普想當(dāng)上等人的理想幻滅的故事,如果這樣理解,就領(lǐng)會錯了狄更斯創(chuàng)作這部作品的意義。皮普生活在姐姐家里,生活艱苦,他的理想是當(dāng)一名像姐夫一樣的鐵匠,他沒有想當(dāng)上等人。后來他之所以想當(dāng)上等人是因為環(huán)境的改變。狄更斯的哲學(xué)思想之一是環(huán)境對人思想的影響,不同的環(huán)境可以造就出不同的人。