美語訓(xùn)練班101

A: 歡迎大家來到這期的美語訓(xùn)練班! 我是楊琳!

B: 我是Mike! 楊琳，來告訴大家今天都要學(xué)什么!

A: Sure! 今天，我們要一起看看提高銷售業(yè)績(jī)的好方法，看看父母出錢上大學(xué)到底好不好，還要告訴你怎么說兩害相權(quán)取其輕!

B: I know that it's common for Chinese parents to pay for their kids’ education, but in America, a lot of people have to get a student loan to go to college. I guess that’s a major culture difference.

A: 我也覺得是，美國人好像都比較獨(dú)立。中國人呢，特別看重教育，所以父母為了讓子女受到更好的教育都不惜花好多錢。

B: Yep...look at you...graduate student....

A: I think this is only because I'm smarter than you! (B: Hey!) 好了好了，不開玩笑了，咱們趕快來學(xué)習(xí)吧! 先來進(jìn)入第一個(gè)單元，Learn a word!

Learn A Word 1688 academic

今天我們要學(xué)的詞是academic. Academic is spelled academic, academic. Academic 學(xué)術(shù)的。Five states in America will add at least 300 hours to the academic calendar in some schools this year. 美國五個(gè)州今年會(huì)給一些學(xué)校的學(xué)生增加至少300個(gè)小時(shí)的教學(xué)時(shí)間。一項(xiàng)最新研究顯示，College students whose parents pay for their tuition tend to have lower academic performance. 父母出錢付學(xué)費(fèi)的大學(xué)生，成績(jī)反而比較差。有研究顯示，Annual spending on sports by public universities is about six to twelve times the amount of their academic spending. 公立大學(xué)每年用在運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目上的開銷是其教學(xué)經(jīng)費(fèi)的六到十二倍。好的，今天我們學(xué)習(xí)的詞是 academic, academic, academic...

A: Universities spend more on sports than academics? That totally explains it...see how much attention March Madness has received!

B: Exactly! But sports are fun! (Talk about a kind of sports that you do...)

A: 我就不行! 我什么體育都不愛看，而且老覺得規(guī)則復(fù)雜，什么都看不明白啊!

B: That sounds like you!

A: 嘿! 算了，不跟你貧了，咱們回到正題，來聽聽今天的美國習(xí)慣用語，leave in the lurch!

Words and Idioms 823 LEAVE IN THE LURCH

美國習(xí)慣用語第 823講

我去年在一家電器商店買了一臺(tái)攝像機(jī)，當(dāng)時(shí)店里的售貨員告訴我說，如果發(fā)生故障，可以隨時(shí)把攝像機(jī)拿回店里，五年內(nèi)免費(fèi)保修。結(jié)果，上星期，攝像機(jī)上的錄制鍵壞了，我拿回去修，誰知道，那家店早就倒閉了。今天我們要學(xué)的習(xí)慣用語能夠恰如其分地描述我當(dāng)時(shí)的心情：

M: Leave in the lurch. Leave is spelled leave, and lurch; lurch. Leaveinthelurch. Leave in the lurch.

Leave in the lurch 這個(gè)習(xí)慣用語的意思是棄別人于危難之中，置別人于困境而不顧。這回你明白了吧，那家電器行倒閉，讓我沒辦法修理本來可以保修的攝像機(jī)。也就是，It's left me in the lurch.

不過，并不是所有人都會(huì)置別人的利益于不顧。讓我們聽聽下面這個(gè)醫(yī)生的故事。

M: "The interview went so well that the hospital administrator offered Dr. Long the job. The trouble is she wanted him to start right away. He explained that his clinic wouldn't be able to find a replacement so quickly. And he couldn't abandon his patients like that. He was too professional to LEAVE them IN THE LURCH."

醫(yī)院負(fù)責(zé)人經(jīng)過面試，對(duì)龍大夫特別滿意，希望他能立即開始工作。但是龍大夫解釋說，他現(xiàn)在的診所無法馬上找到替代他的醫(yī)生，他不能就這樣拋棄自己的病人，作為醫(yī)生，他不能置自己的病人于不顧。

這不禁讓我想起了女兒的班主任。雖然她先生調(diào)到西部去工作，但是她卻決定要待到學(xué)期結(jié)束，因?yàn)樗X得中途換老師對(duì)學(xué)生不好。I appreciate her not LEAVING THEM IN THE LURCH. 她對(duì)學(xué)生如此負(fù)責(zé)的態(tài)度讓我深受感動(dòng)。好的，讓我們?cè)賮砺犅犐厦婺嵌卧挕?/p>

M: "The interview went so well that the hospital administrator offered Dr. Long the job. The trouble is she wanted him to start right away. He explained that his clinic wouldn't be able to find a replacement so quickly. And he couldn't abandon his patients like that. He was too professional to LEAVE them IN THE LURCH."

在剛才的例子里，我們提到，一位老師為了學(xué)生的利益，寧可暫時(shí)和丈夫分開，也不愿意在學(xué)期結(jié)束前辭職。但是有些人，卻能對(duì)自己親生骨肉的利益都置若罔聞。讓我們一起聽聽看。

M: "After the divorce, Bill's kids felt LEFT IN THE LURCH. They'd rarely see him as they grew up. Not only was he absent on special occasions like birthdays and graduations, but also during tough times when they really needed a dad. They never got over that sense of abandonment."

離婚后，比爾的孩子感覺好像完全被父親遺棄了。在他們的成長(zhǎng)過程中，很少能見到他，不僅孩子過生日或是畢業(yè)典禮等重要場(chǎng)合上看不到他的身影，其他孩子們最需要父親的時(shí)候他也從來不在他們的身旁。孩子們始終無法原諒他這種不聞不問的態(tài)度。

這些孩子的要求其實(shí)并不過份，雖然夫妻離異，但孩子是無辜的，不論是父親還是母親，只要依然在世，就應(yīng)該繼續(xù)陪伴孩子的成長(zhǎng)。

我的曾祖父很早就去世了，跟當(dāng)時(shí)其他婦女一樣，我的曾祖母并不工作，而且又沒有現(xiàn)在的社會(huì)保障，She was LEFT IN THE LURCH。幸運(yùn)的是，她在工廠里找到了一份工作，才能勉強(qiáng)養(yǎng)家糊口。好，我們?cè)俾犚幌律厦娴睦洹?/p>

M: "After the divorce, Bill's kids felt LEFT IN THE LURCH. They'd rarely see him as they grew up. Not only was he absent on special occasions like birthdays and graduations, but also during tough times when they really needed a dad. They never got over that sense of abandonment."

早在十六世紀(jì)的時(shí)候，法國有一個(gè)骰子游戲叫 LOURCHE。按照游戲規(guī)則，如果你的分?jǐn)?shù)遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)落后于其他人，就算是 LOURCHE。后來，這個(gè)詞逐漸被用在其他游戲上，并發(fā)展成了今天的習(xí)慣用語 leave in the lurch.

好的，這次美國習(xí)慣用語就到此結(jié)束了。

M: Until next time.

下次節(jié)目再見。

M: This has been Words and Idioms.

A: 現(xiàn)在失業(yè)率這么高，政府又越來越窮，A lot of people were left in the lurch. 很多人都陷入困境，艱難度日。

B:Yep! So it's really important to keep up the good work!

A: Definitely! We need to find a way to better promote our show as well.

B: Well, I guess you just have to remind everyone of how handsome I am...

A: OMG... Where does this overabundance of confidence come from?

B: Just kidding. Well, in today's business etiquette, we are going to talk about ways to boost sales for a company. So let's go and take a look!

禮節(jié)美語BE233 Boosting Sales I

公司副總裁Lisa找到銷售部經(jīng)理Frank.

Lisa: Frank, we just got our sales figures in and the numbers are very disappointing. What's going on here?

Frank: I haven't actually seen the new figures. How far have we fallen?

L: We were in sixth place at the beginning of the year and we've now slipped to the eleventh! That's a considerable drop.

F: Wow, that's really bad news. Maybe we should brainstorm some ideas for a radical reinvention of our sales and marketing plan.

L: Yeah, let's do that right now. What do you think the problem is?

公司副總裁Lisa找到銷售部經(jīng)理Frank, 因?yàn)樽钚落N售數(shù)字很令人失望，年初的時(shí)候還排名第六，we've now slipped to the eleventh. 如今已經(jīng)滑落到了第11位，下跌幅度很大，That's a considerable drop. Frank聽了這個(gè)壞消息，覺得應(yīng)該 brainstorm some ideas，to brainstorm 是頭腦風(fēng)暴，集思廣益的意思，看看怎樣徹底調(diào)整一下公司的銷售和市場(chǎng)規(guī)劃。Lisa建議，擇日不如撞日，說談就談，問Frank覺得問題出在哪里。

F: Well, it seems our competitors have managed to carve a niche in the market. They are now perceived as more "cool" or trendy than we are. Perhaps we should consider getting some celebrity endorsements.

L: You mean like a rock star or a famous sports figure?

F: Yeah, that might help. The person has to be seen as kind of a rebel so we can associate our brand with individuality.

L: That's not a bad idea. I'll talk to the Board of Directors about that.

F: I'd also suggest we reevaluate our packaging. Right now the box we sell our product in seems a little drab and colorless.

Frank說，公司的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手 carved a niche in the market 在市場(chǎng)中找到了屬于自己的一塊地方，niche is spelled niche, niche 是縫隙的意思，動(dòng)詞 carve 是雕刻，劃出的意思。Frank說，現(xiàn)在消費(fèi)者都覺得公司競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手的產(chǎn)品更時(shí)尚，因此不妨找兩個(gè)名人，給公司做產(chǎn)品代言，get some celebrity endorsements, 但選擇的名人一定要帶有反叛色彩，讓用戶覺得我們的產(chǎn)品有個(gè)性化，individuality. Frank 還建議，眼下的產(chǎn)品包裝有些呆板，a little drab, 可以考慮變化一下。Lisa說：

L: Yes, we could redesign our packaging. But on the other hand, there is a recent trend to move away from excessive packaging. You know...to help save the environment.

F: That's another way we could go. We could reduce our packaging, and then advertise our environmentallyfriendly business policies. Being"green" is definitely cool these days. Perhaps environmentallyfriendly packaging would appeal to a younger customer demographic.

Lisa說，如今的趨勢(shì)是放棄過度包裝，實(shí)現(xiàn)包裝簡(jiǎn)單化，因?yàn)檫@樣做有利環(huán)保 environmentallyfriendly. Frank覺得Lisa說得有道理，公司在包裝上可以走環(huán)保路線，用環(huán)保的新思維來吸引年輕客戶群，appeal to 是吸引的意思，demographic is spelled demographic, demographic 在這里指的是消費(fèi)人群中的一部分。

A: Lisa和Frank談起了如何改進(jìn)公司的運(yùn)營情況，F(xiàn)rank說，公司需要 carve a niche in the market， 在市場(chǎng)中找到屬于自己的一塊地方，get some celebrity endorsement, 找名人給公司代言，而且可以u(píng)se environmentallyfriendly packing, 包裝更加環(huán)?；?。

B: Yanglin, didn’t you study business for your graduate degree?

A: 沒錯(cuò)啊!

B: So in your opinion, what are the best ways to boost a business?

A: Oh there are a lot of ways, streamline the production line, cutting labor costs, and better advertisement, etc. Overall there are two major things: cutting costs, and improving exposure to the public.

B: Well, what can I say, sounds like all that money in graduate school tuition wasn’t wasted!

A：那當(dāng)然! 現(xiàn)在咱們接著來聽聽Lisa和Frank的討論吧!

禮節(jié)美語BE234 Boosting Sales II

公司副總裁Lisa找到銷售部經(jīng)理Frank，商量如何提高產(chǎn)品銷量。

Lisa: What about our pricing? Are we competitive?

Frank: Actually, we are roughly 15% more expensive than our closest competitors. But it's going to be hard to cut costs any further, seeing as we are already operating on a very slim margin.

L: There're always ways to cut costs, we just have to think outside the box. Perhaps we should consider relocating one of our factories to a more costefficient country.

F: We can also talk to our vendors about where they place our products. Perhaps if they're placed in a more prominent location in stores, they'll catch the eye of more customers.

在價(jià)格方面，F(xiàn)rank說，他們的產(chǎn)品比競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手高出大約15%, 但要想進(jìn)一步削減成本，恐怕很難，因?yàn)樗麄儽緛砭蜎]有多少利潤(rùn)，we're already operating on a very slim margin. Lisa說，要降低成本，一定有辦法，必須 think outside the box 用創(chuàng)造性思維，比如考慮把工廠遷到成本更低廉的地方去。Frank說，也可以看看，銷售商能否把產(chǎn)品放在商店里更顯眼的地方，catch the eye of more customers.吸引更多顧客的注意。

L: Would it help if we offered a mega sale to clear out some of our inventory? We might not make a lot of money, but we might gain some brand awareness.

F: That's a great idea. Getting people talking about our brand would be a big boost.

L: Are we harnessing the power of social network websites?

F: What do you mean?

L: I mean like setting up a Facebook page or using Twitter. It's free to get online and set up an account. We might as well take advantage of these opportunities.

Lisa 建議清倉甩賣，增加 brand awareness 品牌知名度。此外也不能忽視社交網(wǎng)站的力量。We should harness the power of social network websites. harness is spelled harness, harness 是駕馭的意思。Lisa說，公司可以在Facebook臉譜網(wǎng)和Twitter推特網(wǎng)上開帳戶，免費(fèi)利用這些網(wǎng)站做宣傳。Lisa繼續(xù)說，

L: Another idea is for us to reevaluate where we are spending our advertising dollar.

F: Right now, we break it down between all the major media outlets. Television advertising gets 45% of our budget, 30% goes to print media, 20% goes to radio and 5% goes towards advertising online.

L: I think we should boost our online advertising. Online ads are cheap and they can reach a much wider audience.

F: All right, I'll ask the ad department to make the changes.

L: If we can implement these new ideas by the end of this quarter, we might be able to reverse our sales slide and put ourselves in position for a major rebound come next year.

F: That would be great.

Lisa還主張?jiān)赼dvertising dollar廣告開支的分配上進(jìn)行調(diào)整，增加互聯(lián)網(wǎng)廣告投入，因?yàn)樵诰W(wǎng)上做廣告不僅便宜，而且能 reach a much wider audience 能讓更多的人看到。她說，如果能在這個(gè)季度結(jié)束前把這些措施落實(shí)的話，公司就可能reverse our sales slide扭轉(zhuǎn)銷售量下滑的趨勢(shì)，為明年銷量翻身做準(zhǔn)備。

A: 沒錯(cuò)!增加brand awareness品牌知名度是最重要的!一旦樹立了品牌，賣什么都好賣!

B: Yeah I agree. If people trust a brand, they will think whatever products that particular brand has deserves every dollar they spend.

A: Exactly. 哎，你剛提到了deserve這個(gè)詞兒，正好是今天我們Learn a word要教的!

B: And let’s listen!

Learn A Word 1689 deserve

今天我們要學(xué)的詞是deserve. Deserve is spelled deserve, deserve. Deserve 應(yīng)該得到。All workers deserve fair treatment and respect in the workplace. 在工作場(chǎng)所，所有人都應(yīng)該得到公平的對(duì)待和尊重。You deserve some time off after all the long hours you put in. 你加班加點(diǎn)的，真是應(yīng)該好好休息一下了。The coach deserves a lot of credit for taking the team all the way to the playoffs. 球隊(duì)能一路打進(jìn)季后賽，教練功不可沒。蘭斯.阿姆斯特朗承認(rèn)使用禁藥并表示道歉。Do you think he deserves another chance? 你覺得應(yīng)該再給他一次機(jī)會(huì)嗎?好的，今天我們學(xué)習(xí)的詞是 deserve, deserve, deserve...

A: Hear it? Everyone deserves respect at the work place. Mike，you need to show me some respect! Stop eating all my food!

B: What? You are the one who always want to lose weight, so I’m just trying to help you on your quest!

A: Ugh I know… Like last night for dessert, I was debating between chocolate ice cream and strawberry cheese cake, finally I chose the lesser of two evils…

B: Hahaha, well, you should have brought me along. I could have eaten for you! What is it, cheese cake? Oh I love Cheese cake!

A: 好，下次打電話叫你來吃。

B：But you did just mention a very good term: lesser of two evils. Let's listen to today's words and idioms and check it out!

Words and Idioms 824 LESSER OF TWO EVILS

美國習(xí)慣用語第 824講

如果你去住旅店，只有兩個(gè)房間可供選擇，一個(gè)在電梯旁邊，另外一個(gè)在飲料自動(dòng)販賣機(jī)旁邊，你挑哪個(gè)?要是我的話，我肯定挑選飲料自動(dòng)販賣機(jī)旁邊的那個(gè)，雖然不時(shí)會(huì)有人來買東西，但起碼不會(huì)象電梯口那么吵。在英語里，有一種說法叫，

M: The lesser of two evils. Lesser is spelled lesser, and evils; evils. Thelesseroftwoevils. The lesser of two evils. Evil 是邪惡的意思，lesser 意思是比較小的，次要的。說 The lesser of two evils 就是說在兩種令人不快的選擇中，選擇一個(gè)傷害相對(duì)小的，也就是中文里說的兩害相權(quán)取其輕。所以說，一個(gè)房間在飲料自動(dòng)販賣機(jī)旁邊，另外一個(gè)在電梯口旁邊，我寧可選擇在飲料販賣機(jī)旁邊的那個(gè)，這就是兩害相權(quán)取其輕 The lesser of two evils。好在我隨身帶了一副耳塞。

不過，下面例子里這個(gè)新娘子可就沒有我這么幸運(yùn)了。讓我們聽聽新郎官是怎么說，

M: "My inlaws insisted that my wife choose one her sisters as her maid of honor. She could have asked Marilyn, but she isn't dependable at all. So she picked Ann, THE LESSER OF TWO EVILS. She may be rather unsociable, but, at least, she could be relied upon to help out with arrangements and be on time."

我丈母娘和老丈人堅(jiān)持要我妻子在她的妹妹里選一個(gè)當(dāng)伴娘。她本來可以請(qǐng)瑪里琳來當(dāng)，可是她太靠不住了，思前想后，我妻子最后挑選了 Ann，Ann 雖然不怎么喜歡跟人搭訕，但至少還能指望她幫忙做一些婚禮的安排，而且知道她會(huì)準(zhǔn)時(shí)出現(xiàn)。

難怪有人要跑到拉斯維加斯去結(jié)婚，這樣能省掉不少麻煩!那天女兒?jiǎn)栁?，在無糖但是帶有化學(xué)成分的健怡可樂，和含有很多糖分的普通可樂，哪個(gè)是 the lesser of two evils. 我想了半天，最后告訴她，還是喝水最健康。好的，讓我們?cè)賮砺犅犐厦婺嵌卧挕?/p>

M: "My inlaws insisted that my wife choose one her sisters as her maid of honor. She could have asked Marilyn, but she isn't dependable at all. So she picked Ann, THE LESSER OF TWO EVILS. She may be rather unsociable, but, at least, she could be relied upon to help out with arrangements and be on time."

美國大選前，很多選民都覺得，在民主、共和兩黨的候選人里，沒有任何一個(gè)讓他們感到滿意，我的鄰居約翰就持這種看法。讓我們一起聽聽他是怎么說的。

M: "There doesn't seem to be much choice in the upcoming election. Both candidates lack experience and leadership skills. I guess I'll have to vote for the one who promises not to raise taxes. He's THE LESSER OF TWO EVILS."

在即將舉行的選舉中，好像沒有什么選擇。兩個(gè)候選人都缺少經(jīng)驗(yàn)和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)才能。我最后可能還是會(huì)把票投給保證不增收個(gè)人所得稅的那個(gè)候選人，兩害相權(quán)取其輕嘛!

如今經(jīng)濟(jì)不景氣，很多以前從來沒有考慮過的問題現(xiàn)在都變得格外現(xiàn)實(shí)了。昨天還有一個(gè)同事問我，在減少工資和不減少工資，但是增加工作小時(shí)數(shù)二者之間選擇哪個(gè)。換句話說，which is the lesser of two evils? 我一時(shí)還真答不上來，這里面涉及了太多的因素，包括我的生活開銷、以及時(shí)間對(duì)我有多重要等等。好的，我們?cè)俾犚幌律厦娴睦洹?/p>

M: "There doesn't seem to be much choice in the upcoming election. Both candidates lack experience and leadership skills. I guess I'll have to vote for the one who promises not to raise taxes. He's THE LESSER OF TWO EVILS."

THE LESSER OF TWO EVILS 這個(gè)習(xí)慣用語的歷史非常悠久，最早來自古希臘，從十四世紀(jì)末開始在英語里出現(xiàn)。十九世紀(jì)一篇非常著名的短篇小說“美女還是老虎”，就是要在“兩害”中權(quán)衡利弊，做出選擇。你可能會(huì)問，evil? 美女怎么會(huì)是禍害呢?如果讀過這個(gè)故事，你就會(huì)明白了。

好的，這次美國習(xí)慣用語就到此結(jié)束了。

M: Until next time.

下次節(jié)目再見。

M: This has been Words and Idioms.

A: Working with you or finishing all the work by myself…I guess I have to choose the lesser of two evils. I know I’m stuck with you…(sigh)

B: You think you have it bad? I either have to work with you or be out of a job! Life is so unfair……..

A: You may be out of a job anyways for that comment! 好了同學(xué)們，這次節(jié)目時(shí)間就到這里了。

B: Tune in next time for American English Mosaic!

A: See you next time!