八年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語語法總結(jié)

Topic2 How about exploring the Ming Tombs ?

一、重點(diǎn)詞匯：
（一）詞形轉(zhuǎn)換：
1.explore(名詞) explore 2. east (形容詞) eastern
3.north(形容詞) northern 4. push (反義詞) pull
5.sadly(形容詞) sad (名詞) sadness 6. crowd (形容詞) crowded
（二）重點(diǎn)詞組:
1.make a plan 擬定計(jì)劃
2. make sure 確信，確保
3. come along with 和……一起來
4. at the foot of 在……的腳下
5. be surprised at 對(duì)……感到驚奇
6. be satisfied with 對(duì)……感到滿意
7. out of sight 看不見
8. step on one’s toes 踩著某人的腳
9. can’t help doing sth 忍不住做某事
10. spread over 分布于
11.rush out 沖出去
12.raise one’s head 抬頭
13.ask sb for help 向某人求助
14.thank goodness 謝天謝地

二． 重點(diǎn)句型及重點(diǎn)語言點(diǎn)
1. While you were enjoying your trip, I was busy preparing for my exams.當(dāng)你在旅行時(shí)， 我正忙于準(zhǔn)備考試。
(1)be busy doing sth,/ be busy with sth 忙于做某事
I’m busy preparing for my birthday party these days.
(2)while 當(dāng)……時(shí)候，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。當(dāng)一個(gè)動(dòng)作在正在進(jìn)行時(shí)，另一個(gè)動(dòng)作也同時(shí)進(jìn)行。While my mother was cooking , I was watching TV.
2.Would you help me plan a trip ? 請(qǐng)你幫我定個(gè)旅行計(jì)劃好嗎？
Would you 比will you 語氣更加客氣，委婉, 類似還有could you
Could you come along with us ?
3. They surveyed the area to make sure their tombs faced south and had mountains at the back. 他們仔細(xì)勘測(cè)了整個(gè)區(qū)域，確保這些陵墓是坐北朝南，而且在背后有群山環(huán)繞。
make sure 確信，確保 Make sure all the windows are closed before you leave.
4.It’s about two and a half hours by bike. 騎自行車大約要2個(gè)半小時(shí)。
Two and a half hours = two hours and a half
5.It’s to the east of Yongling. 它在永陵的東面。
to the +方位詞+of (表示互不接壤) Japan is to the east of China.
on the +方位詞+of (表示相互接壤)Fujian is on the south of Zhejang .
in the +方位詞+of 表示在某一范圍內(nèi)的地區(qū) Beijing is in the north of China.
6.They walked into Dingling and were surprised at the wonders. 他們走進(jìn)定陵，對(duì)那里的奇觀感到很驚奇。
be surprised at 對(duì)……感到很驚奇 He is surprised at dragons.
be surprised to do sth 驚奇地做某事 She was surprised to find she was lost.
7.…so they had to look for space to park their bikes 他們不得不尋找停自行車的地方
space 空間 Can you make space for this old man ?
8. While the crowd was pushing him in different directions, someone stepped on his toes.
當(dāng)人群從四面八方擠來時(shí)，有人踩了他的腳。
in one’s direction 朝著某人的方向 step on one’s toes踩了某人的腳
step on sth 踩某物 Don’t step on the flowers and grass.
9.When he finally rushed out of the crowd, he noticed his friends were both out of sight.
當(dāng)他最后沖出人群時(shí)，他注意到他的兩個(gè)朋友都不見了。
notice sb do sth 注意某人做了某事 notice sb doing sth注意某人正在做某事
10. As soon as the three boys saw each other, they all jumped up happily.
三個(gè)男孩一見面，就高興得跳了起來。
as soon as 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句 意為“一……就”
He left as soon as he heard the news.
I’ll tell him as soon as I see him.
11.He didn’t raise his head until someone called his name. 直到有人喊他的名字，他才抬起頭。 not …until 直到……才
12.They were so lovely that we couldn’t help playing with them.
它們太可愛了，我們禁不住和它們一起玩。
can’t help doing sth 忍不住做某事 When I heard the funny news, I couldn’t help laughing.
13. I am satisfied with everything in China. 我對(duì)在中國的一切感到滿意。]
be satisfied with 對(duì)……感到滿意 He is satisfied with my work.
14.. We even asked the guard for help. 我們甚至向保安尋求幫助。
ask sb for help 向某人求助 The lost boy asked the police for help.
三.重點(diǎn)語法 時(shí)間狀語從句
1。引導(dǎo)詞：
（1） when, while , as 當(dāng)……時(shí)候. when 后可跟短暫性動(dòng)詞也可跟延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞；while 后跟延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞；as 多用于口語，強(qiáng)調(diào)同一時(shí)間，或一前一后。
The students were talking in the classroom when the teacher came in.
= While the students were talking in the classroom , the teacher came in. 學(xué)生在教室里談話時(shí)，老師進(jìn)來了。
Mother always sings as she cooks dinner for us. 媽媽總是邊給我們做飯邊唱歌。
（2）not … until 直到……才，主句謂語動(dòng)詞常用短暫性動(dòng)詞。
I won’t leave here until the rain stops.
He didn’t sleep until his mother came back home.
(3) after 在……之后，before 在……之前，as soon as 一……就
I went to sleep after I finished my homework..= I finished my homework before I went to sleep.
As soon as the bell rings , the students will go into the classroom.
2. 時(shí)態(tài)
（1）當(dāng)主句為一般過去時(shí)時(shí)，從句常用過去的某種時(shí)態(tài)。
While I was doing my homework , the telephone rang.
(2)當(dāng)主句的時(shí)態(tài)為一般將來時(shí)， 從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
I will call you as soon as I get to Beijing.
本topic出現(xiàn)的句子有：
1.While you were enjoying your trip, I was busy preparing for my exams.
2.He didn’t raise his head until someone called his name.
3.While the crowd was pushing him in different directions, someone stepped on his toes.
.4. As soon as the three boys saw each other, they all jumped up happily.
5.After they rode their bikes for two and a half hours, Kangkanf , Michael and Darren arrived at the Ming Tombs.
6.As they were exploring happily, the crowd became larger and larger.