新冠疫苗加強(qiáng)針有什么副作用

In November 2021, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention confirmed eligibility for both Pfizer and Moderna's booster shots to all adults over 18 years old. "After critical scientific evaluation, today's unanimous decision carefully considered the current state of the pandemic, the latest vaccine effectiveness data over time, and review of safety data from people who have already received a COVID-19 primary vaccine series and booster," CDC Director Rochelle P. Walensky said in a statement.

2021年11月，美國(guó)疾病控制和預(yù)防中心(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)確認(rèn)，所有18歲以上的成年人都可以接種輝瑞和Moderna的加強(qiáng)針。美國(guó)疾病控制與預(yù)防中心主任羅謝爾·p·瓦倫斯基在一份聲明中說(shuō):“經(jīng)過(guò)科學(xué)評(píng)估，今天的一致決定仔細(xì)考慮了當(dāng)前的大流行狀況、疫苗長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)的最新有效性數(shù)據(jù)，以及已經(jīng)接受COVID-19初級(jí)疫苗系列和加強(qiáng)疫苗的人的安全數(shù)據(jù)。”

Since that time, many adults have received or are preparing to receive their booster shots. If you are preparing for your shot or have just received it, you may be wondering what the side effects are going to be like. According to CNBC, the side effects of the COVID-19 booster shot should be similar to the first two shots but not as intense. Common side effects include pain and swelling at the injection site, muscle pain, fatigue, and headache. Fever, chills, and nausea are also common. These effects should not last longer than two or three days.

即時(shí)起，許多成年人已經(jīng)接種或準(zhǔn)備接種加強(qiáng)針。如果你正在準(zhǔn)備或者剛剛接種，你可能想知道副作用會(huì)有什么。據(jù)美國(guó)全國(guó)廣播公司財(cái)經(jīng)頻道報(bào)道，新型冠狀病毒肺炎加強(qiáng)針的副作用應(yīng)該與前兩針相似，但沒(méi)有那么嚴(yán)重。常見(jiàn)的副作用包括注射部位的疼痛和腫脹、肌肉疼痛、疲勞和頭痛。發(fā)燒、發(fā)冷和惡心也很常見(jiàn)。這些效果不會(huì)持續(xù)超過(guò)兩三天。

Although the COVID-19 booster shot has been encouraged by health officials, you may be wondering why a booster is necessary. As scientists continue to study COVID-19, more information comes out about how the efficacy of the initial doses of the vaccine wanes over time. A November study, for example, found that the efficacy of the Pfizer, Moderna, and Johnson & Johnson COVID-19 vaccines all decreased from an average of 87.9% to 48.1% over a six-month period (via Science).

盡管衛(wèi)生官員一直鼓勵(lì)接種COVID-19疫苗，但你可能想知道為什么需要接種疫苗。隨著科學(xué)家繼續(xù)研究COVID-19，有關(guān)疫苗初始劑量的效力如何隨著時(shí)間推移而減弱的信息越來(lái)越多。例如，去年11月的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，輝瑞、Moderna和強(qiáng)生的COVID-19疫苗的功效在6個(gè)月內(nèi)從平均87.9%下降到48.1%(《科學(xué)》)。

Getting a booster shot restores most of that efficacy lost after the initial dose or doses. According to CNBC, the COVID-19 booster shot is a low-risk decision for most people and offers a high reward. "There's no indication that there's something inherently risky about obtaining a booster of this vaccine," said Christopher Mores, a global health professor at the George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health. "There is certainly something inherently risky about becoming infected with Covid." If you are eligible, it is highly encouraged that you get your booster shot six months after your Pfizer or Moderna vaccine, or two months after your Johnson & Johnson vaccine.

注射加強(qiáng)針可以恢復(fù)最初劑量或劑量后失去的大部分功效。據(jù)美國(guó)全國(guó)廣播公司財(cái)經(jīng)頻道報(bào)道，對(duì)大多數(shù)人來(lái)說(shuō)，接種新冠肺炎疫苗是一個(gè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)遠(yuǎn)低于回報(bào)的決定。喬治華盛頓大學(xué)米爾肯研究所公共衛(wèi)生學(xué)院的全球健康教授克里斯托弗·莫爾斯說(shuō):“沒(méi)有跡象表明，接種這種疫苗的加強(qiáng)針有潛在的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，但感染新冠病毒肯定有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。”如果您符合條件，我們強(qiáng)烈建議您在輝瑞或Moderna疫苗接種6個(gè)月后，或在強(qiáng)生疫苗接種2個(gè)月后，及時(shí)接種加強(qiáng)針。