什么事快速眼動(dòng)(REM)睡眠

Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep is a unique stage of sleep characterized by random rapid movement of the eyes (via Medical News Today). During this phase, your body undergoes a number of physical and neurological changes, including increased brain activity, elevated heart rate, fast and irregular breathing, rapid eye movement, high blood pressure, changes in body temperature, increased oxygen consumption by the brain, sexual arousal, and twitching of the face and limbs.

快速眼動(dòng)(REM)睡眠是一種獨(dú)特的睡眠階段，其特征是眼球的隨機(jī)快速運(yùn)動(dòng)。在這一階段，你的身體會(huì)經(jīng)歷一系列的生理和神經(jīng)變化，包括大腦活動(dòng)增加、心率加快、呼吸急促和不規(guī)則、眼球快速運(yùn)動(dòng)、高血壓、體溫變化、大腦耗氧量增加、性喚起以及臉部和四肢抽搐。

Your first REM cycle occurs around 90 minutes after you fall asleep and usually lasts for 10 minutes. As the night goes on, each REM cycle will get progressively longer and recur every 90 minutes. Since REM sleep is associated with increased brain activity, it is common to experience vivid and intense dreams during this stage of sleep. Because of the intensity of these dreams, your muscles are immobilized to prevent you from acting out your dreams, leaving your limbs temporarily paralyzed. As a result, REM sleep is also sometimes referred to as paradoxical sleep.

第一個(gè)快速眼動(dòng)周期發(fā)生在入睡后90分鐘左右，通常持續(xù)10分鐘。隨著夜晚的繼續(xù)，每個(gè)快速眼動(dòng)周期會(huì)逐漸變長(zhǎng)，每90分鐘重復(fù)一次。由于快速眼動(dòng)睡眠與大腦活動(dòng)增加有關(guān)，在這個(gè)睡眠階段通常會(huì)經(jīng)歷生動(dòng)而強(qiáng)烈的夢(mèng)境。因?yàn)檫@些夢(mèng)的強(qiáng)度，你的肌肉被固定住，阻止你執(zhí)行你的夢(mèng)，使你的四肢暫時(shí)癱瘓。因此，快速眼動(dòng)睡眠有時(shí)也被稱為矛盾睡眠。

REM sleep is crucial to your overall health and plays an important role in brain function and development. For instance, REM sleep can impact your memory (via Shape). Studies have shown that REM sleep benefits learning and memory by allowing you to process new memories and maintain essential neural pathways responsible for learning and creating new memories.

快速眼動(dòng)睡眠對(duì)你的整體健康至關(guān)重要，對(duì)大腦功能和發(fā)育起著重要作用。例如，快速眼動(dòng)睡眠可以影響你的記憶。研究表明，快速眼動(dòng)睡眠有利于學(xué)習(xí)和記憶，因?yàn)樗茏屇闾幚硇掠洃?，并保持?fù)責(zé)學(xué)習(xí)和創(chuàng)造新記憶的基本神經(jīng)通路。

During sleep, your brain is sort of replaying certain things you've experienced and trying to figure out if it should put that experience into your short-term or long-term memory-or to just forget about it, Dr. W. Chris Winter, a sleep specialist and neurologist, told Shape. "Unlike deep sleep, which is really concerned with rest and recovery, REM sleep has lots more to do with concentration, focus, memory consolidation, and pain perception."

睡眠專家、神經(jīng)學(xué)家w·克里斯·溫特博士在接受《Shape》雜志采訪時(shí)表示:“在睡眠中，你的大腦會(huì)回放你經(jīng)歷過(guò)的某些事情，并試圖弄清楚是應(yīng)該將那段經(jīng)歷納入短期記憶還是長(zhǎng)期記憶，或者干脆忘掉。”“與真正關(guān)注休息和恢復(fù)的深度睡眠不同，快速眼動(dòng)睡眠更有助于注意力、注意力集中、記憶鞏固和疼痛感知。”

REM sleep can also impact brain development in infants (Verywell Mind). That's because the increased brain activity that occurs during REM sleep is responsible for developing and strengthening mature neural connections.

快速眼動(dòng)睡眠也會(huì)影響嬰兒的大腦發(fā)育。這是因?yàn)榭焖傺蹌?dòng)睡眠期間大腦活動(dòng)的增加負(fù)責(zé)發(fā)展和加強(qiáng)成熟的神經(jīng)連接。