歷史上最著名的畫作背后都有耐人尋味的故事

歷史上最著名的畫作背后都有耐人尋味的故事

While I'm no expert in art history, I find the backstories to famous artworks to be really interesting. So, I wanted to share more interesting stories with you all.

雖然我不是藝術(shù)史專家，但我發(fā)現(xiàn)著名藝術(shù)品的背景故事非常有趣。所以，我想和大家分享更多有趣的故事。

If you are interested, you can find my previous art stories here.

如果你感興趣，你可以在這里找到我以前的藝術(shù)故事。

#1 Starry Night, Vincent Van Gogh, 1889

《星空》，文森特·梵高，1889年

In the aftermath of a mental breakdown that resulted in the self-mutilation of his left ear, Van Gogh voluntarily admitted himself to the Saint-Paul-de-Mausole lunatic asylum in 1889. During this period, he produced some of the best-known works of his career, including “Irises” and the blue self-portrait. "The Starry Night" shows the view from the east-facing window of his room at the asylum just before sunrise, with the addition of an idyllic village.

精神崩潰導(dǎo)致左耳自殘后，梵高于1889年自愿到圣保羅精神病院接受治療。在此期間，他創(chuàng)作了一些最著名的作品，包括《虹膜》和《藍(lán)色自畫像》?！缎且埂氛故玖死杳髑皬乃诏?cè)嗽旱姆块g朝東的窗戶看到的景色，還增加了一個(gè)田園詩般的村莊。

#2 The Great Wave Off Kanagawa, Katsushika Hokusai, 1829 – 1833

1829 - 1833年，葛飾北齋，神奈川的巨浪

The composition comprises three main elements: the sea whipped up by a storm, three boats, and a mountain. The mountain with a snow-capped peak is Mount Fuji, which in Japan is considered sacred and a symbol of national identity, as well as a symbol of beauty. Using the boats, with their thirty passengers, as a reference, we can see the wave must be close to 12 meters tall. The wave, which curls around like a claw to frame Mount Fuji, shows the artist’s awe and fear of the unpredictable sea.

作品由三個(gè)主要元素組成:風(fēng)暴掀起的大海、三艘船和一座山。富士山被白雪覆蓋，在日本被認(rèn)為是神圣的，是國家身份的象征，也是美麗的象征。用船上的三十名乘客作為參考，我們可以看到海浪一定接近12米高。波浪像利爪一樣環(huán)繞著富士山，表現(xiàn)出藝術(shù)家對(duì)變幻莫測(cè)的大海的敬畏。

#3 The Scream, Edvard Munch, 1893

《吶喊》，愛德華·蒙克，1893年出版

Munch was out for a walk at sunset when the setting sunlight turned the clouds a blood red. He sensed as he put it, an “infinite scream passing through nature.” It has been suggested a volcanic eruption could have attributed to the unnaturally orange sky. Another explanation could have been the result of Munch’s emotional state, as his sister had very recently been committed to a lunatic asylum. Munch created four versions in paint and pastels, as well as a lithograph stone from which several prints survive. Both of the painted versions have been stolen and recovered. One of the pastel versions commanded the fourth highest nominal price paid for a painting at a public auction.

夕陽西下時(shí)，蒙克出去散步，夕陽把云彩染成了血紅色。用他自己的話說，他感覺到“一聲無限的尖叫穿過大自然”。“有人認(rèn)為，火山噴發(fā)可能是由于不自然的橙色天空。另一種解釋可能是由于蒙克的情緒狀態(tài)，因?yàn)樗拿妹米罱凰瓦M(jìn)了精神病院。蒙克創(chuàng)作了四種不同版本的顏料和粉彩，以及一種石版畫，其中有幾幅留存至今。這兩幅畫的版本都被偷走并找回來了。其中一幅蠟筆畫在公開拍賣中以第四高的名義價(jià)格成交。

#4 The Raft Of Medusa, Théodore Géricault, 1819

《美杜莎之筏》，安德烈杰利柯, 1819年

"The Raft of Medusa" ("Le Radeau de la Méduse") depicts the aftermath of the wreck of the French naval frigate Méduse. At least 147 people were set adrift on a hurriedly constructed raft; all but 15 died in the 13 days they awaited rescue. Those that survived endured dehydration and starvation to the point of practicing cannibalism. The event became an international scandal, in part due to the perceived incompetence of the captain of the Méduse.

《美杜莎之筏》描繪了法國海軍護(hù)衛(wèi)艦美杜莎號(hào)失事后的情景。至少有147人在匆忙建造的木筏上漂流;在等待救援的13天里，除了15人以外，其余全部遇難。那些幸存下來的人忍受著脫水和饑餓，到了吃人的地步。這一事件成為國際丑聞，部分原因是人們認(rèn)為美杜斯號(hào)船長無能。

#5 The Potato Eaters, Vincent Van Gogh, 1885

《吃土豆的人》，文森特·梵高，1885年

Van Gogh wanted to depict peasants as they really were, and deliberately chose models who were coarse in aesthetics. He wanted to show a wholly different way of life from the upper classes. He later wrote to his sister and claimed "The Potato Eaters" to be his most successful painting.

梵高想要真實(shí)地描繪農(nóng)民，他故意選擇了一些美學(xué)上粗糙的模特。他想展示一種與上層社會(huì)完全不同的生活方式。后來他寫信給他的妹妹，聲稱《吃土豆的人》是他最成功的作品。

圖片來源：CrunChewy McSandybutt