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英語(yǔ)聽力文摘647 水泡是什么?

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What Are Blisters?

Remember that hit song from the 80’s that featured the chorus: “And I would walk five hundred miles / and I would walk five hundred more / Just to be the man who walks a thousand miles / to fall down at your door”? What sounds romantic in pop song fantasy would be painful in reality.

Walk Not So More

Anyone who walks a thousand miles would indeed fall down, thanks to the large blisters that would most likely form on the heels and soles of weary feet.

Whether from playing too much basketball or jogging in ill-fitting sneakers, we’ve all had blisters. But what are blisters, and how do they form?

All About Blisters

Blisters come in all shapes and sizes, and some are more serious than others. The typical, jogging-related blister is a round patch of elevated skin containing a clear fluid. Blistering occurs when an upper layer of skin rubs against the underlying layer.

As a space opens between the skin layers, chemicals cause the blood vessels in the area to leak and allow a clear fluid to seep out and fill the space between layers of skin. This fluid is a sort of clear plasma, or blood without the red blood cells.

Blisters usually occur in the uppermost layers of skin, and are normally harmless. Because the blood vessels are only made more porous but not actually damaged, red blood cells do not fill the blister. But if a blister does fill with red blood, it means the damage is more serious, and should be carefully treated.

什么是水泡?

還記得80年代那首紅極一時(shí)歌曲嗎?它的合聲部分極有特色:我愿步行500里/我愿再行500里/成為行完千里路程,倒在你門前的男人(只為見你一面)。流行歌曲里詮釋的歌詞傳達(dá)給我們的感覺非常浪漫美好,但實(shí)際情況則是痛苦不堪。

不要走這么遠(yuǎn)的路

因?yàn)榻?jīng)過(guò)一千里的跋涉,疲憊的腳底和腳跟都極有可能會(huì)長(zhǎng)出大水泡,所以任何人都會(huì)跌倒。

打籃球的時(shí)間太長(zhǎng)或是穿著不合腳的運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋慢跑都會(huì)產(chǎn)生水泡。但什么是水泡?它們是怎樣形成的呢?

關(guān)于水泡

水泡形狀大小不一,有些水泡的癥狀比其它水泡要嚴(yán)重。由于慢跑引起的典型水泡呈圓形,一小塊皮膚會(huì)凸起并且里面含有透明液體。當(dāng)表皮與皮下層相互摩擦?xí)r,就會(huì)產(chǎn)生水泡。

當(dāng)皮層之間形成隔離空間以后,化學(xué)物質(zhì)造成此區(qū)域血管滲透,從而會(huì)有透明液體滲出,填充在皮層之間的部位。這種液體是一種透明的血漿,或者可以說(shuō)是沒(méi)有紅細(xì)胞的血液。

水泡通常出現(xiàn)在皮膚表層,對(duì)人體無(wú)害。血管僅多了一些空隙而已,并沒(méi)有實(shí)際遭到破壞,紅細(xì)胞也不會(huì)出現(xiàn)在水泡里面。如果水泡里面出現(xiàn)紅色血液,這意味著血管損傷比較嚴(yán)重,需慎重進(jìn)行處理。

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