中級美國英語many, much和there be
一.本課要點及示例
在這課里我們要學(xué)習(xí)怎么用many, m-a-n-y, many 跟 much, m-u-c-h, much.這兩個 字都有 "很多" 的意思, 可是用法不同. 另外我們還要學(xué)習(xí)用 there is 跟 there are 做句子.
首先還是請你聽一段對話, 內(nèi)容是說 Henry 跟 Kate 的兒子 Peter 要參加學(xué)校辦的夏季旅行團(tuán)到紐約去玩. 他問媽媽應(yīng)該帶幾個箱子, 帶多少錢等等問題. 我們還是先用正常速度把這段會話念一遍, 請你注意英文老師的發(fā)音和聲調(diào):
M: Mom, I'm going to spend two weeks in New York this summer.
F: That's wonderful!
M: How many suitcases do I have to take?
F: Take two - a big one and a small one.
M: How much money do I need to take?
F: About three hundred dollars.
M: Are there many interesting places in New York?
F: Yes,there are a lot of museums and beautiful churches.
現(xiàn)在我們用慢速度再把這段對話念一遍給你聽:
M: Mom, I'm going to spend two weeks in New York this summer.
F: That's wonderful!
M: How many suitcases do I have to take?
F: Take two - a big one and a small one.
M: How much money do I need to take?
F: About three hundred dollars.
M: Are there many interesting places in New York?
F: Yes, there are a lot of museums and beautiful churches.
剛才那段話, 不知道你聽懂了多少? 現(xiàn)在我再把對話里有 many, much, 跟 there are 的句子挑出來, 用慢速度念一遍:
M: How many suitcases do I have to take?
M: How much money do I need to take?
M: Are there many interesting places in New York?
F: Yes,there are a lot of museums and beautiful churches.
二.MANY和MUCH
下面我們看看什么時候用many, 什么時候用much. 剛才我說過這兩個字的意思都是 "很多", 相當(dāng)于 a lot of 這個詞組, 可是在用法上的區(qū)別是凡是指可以數(shù)的東西就用many, 指不可以數(shù)的或是統(tǒng)稱性的名詞就用 much. 一般說來 many 跟
much 多半是用在疑問句和否定句里, 而 a lot of 則不受限制.
現(xiàn)在我們來作一組練習(xí), 內(nèi)容都是說到 Peter 的朋友問他關(guān)于到紐約去的事情.
請注意朋友提出的問句用的都是 many, 而 Peter 都是用 a lot of 作肯定的回答.
好, 現(xiàn)在我們開始練習(xí). 請你每聽一句就跟著重復(fù).
F: Are you going to New York with many friends?
M: Yes, I'm going to New York with a lot of friends.
F: Are you going to visit many interesting places in New York?
M: Yes, I'm going to visit a lot of interesting places.
F: Are you going to eat in many restaurants?
M: Yes, I'm going to eat in a lot of restaurants.
F: Are you going to write many letters to your parents?
M: Yes, I'm going to write a lot of letters to my parents.
下面一組練習(xí)談的還是 Peter 到紐約的事情. 這次朋友用的是 a lot of 來提出問
句, 可是 Peter 用 much 作否定的答覆. 還是請你聽一句, 重復(fù)一句.
F: Do you need a lot of time to pack?
M: No, I don't need much time to pack.
F: Do you plan to take a lot of money with you to New York?
M: No, I don't plan to take much money with me to New York.
F: Do you want to spend a lot of time shopping in New York?
M: No, I don't want to spend much time shopping in New York.
F: Do you plan to spend a lot of money in New York?
M: No, I don't plan to spend much money in New York.
下面我們給你多舉一些例子, 內(nèi)容都是說 Kate 需要到市場去買些什么菜. 第一組練習(xí)是用 many. 每個句子我們念兩遍, 請你跟著練習(xí).
M: How many chickens does Kate need to buy?
F: How many chickens does Kate need to buy?
M: How many tomatoes does Kate need to buy?
F: How many tomatoes does Kate need to buy?
M: How many eggs does Kate need to buy?
F: How many eggs does Kate need to buy?
M: How many heads of cabbage does Kate need to buy?
F: How many heads of cabbage does Kate need to buy?
下面這些句子用的是 much. 還是請你跟著練習(xí).
M: How much bread does Kate need to buy?
F: How much bread does Kate need to buy?
M: How much butter does Kate need to buy?
F: How much butter does Kate need to buy?
M: How much milk does Kate need to buy?
F: How much milk does Kate need to buy?
M: How much fruit does Kate need to buy?
F: How much fruit does Kate need to buy?
現(xiàn)在我們來作換字練習(xí). 先由老師念一個句子, 你先重復(fù)一遍. 接著老師給你一個名詞, 請你換進(jìn)原來的句子里. 請注意在作練習(xí)的時候, 你必須要斟酌情況決定用 many 或是 much. 好, 現(xiàn)在我們開始. 在作完一句之后, 請你聽我們的正確答案.
M: Kate doesn't need to buy many chickens.
M: tomatoes
F: Kate doesn't need to buy many tomatoes.
M: butter
F: Kate doesn't need to buy much butter.
M: fruit
F: Kate doesn't need to buy much fruit.
M: milk
F: Kate doesn't need to buy much milk.
M: eggs
F: Kate doesn't need to buy many eggs.
M: bread
F: Kate doesn't need to buy much bread.
三.THERE ARE和THERE IS
剛才我們練習(xí)了怎么用 many 和 much 來表示數(shù)量, 現(xiàn)在我們來看一看在英文里什么時候用 There is, 什么時候用 There are. 簡單的說, 主詞是單數(shù)的時候就用 There is, 多數(shù)的時侯就用 There are.
現(xiàn)在我們先舉幾個例子, 由老師念一句, 學(xué)生跟著重復(fù)一句. 在學(xué)生重復(fù)的時候也請你一起重復(fù).
M: There is a supermarket near Henry's house.
F: There is a supermarket near Henry's house.
M: There is a bank next to the supermarket.
F: There is a bank next to the supermarket.
M: There is a lot of money in Henry's pocket.
F: There is a lot of money in Henry's pocket.
M: There is enough fruit in the house.
F: There is enough fruit in the house.
M: There is a loaf of bread on the table.
F: There is a loaf of bread on the table.
下面的句子用的都是 There are:
M: There are two banks near Henry's house.
F: There are two banks near Henry's house.
M: There are a lot of people in Henry's family.
F: There are a lot of people in Henry's family.
M: There are ten dollars in Henry's pocket.
F: There are ten dollars in Henry's pocket.
M: There are four tomatoes in Henry's basket.
F: There are four tomatoes in Henry's basket.
M: There are a dozen eggs in Henry's box.
F: There are a dozen eggs in Henry's box.
好, 現(xiàn)在我們來作換字練習(xí). 首先由老師念一個句子, 接著他就給你一個詞組,請你看情況決定用 There is 或是 There are 來完成新句子. 現(xiàn)在我們正式開始.在你回答之后請注意聽正確答案:
M: There is a loaf of bread on the table.
M: two quarts of milk
F: There are two quarts of milk on the table.
M: a dozen eggs
F: There are a dozen eggs on the table.
M: a head of cabbage
F: There is a head of cabbage on the table.
M: several kinds of vegetables
F: There are several kinds of vegetables on the table.
M: a glass of milk
F: There is a glass of milk on the table.
M: four tomatoes
F: There are four tomatoes on the table.
M: fruit
F: There is fruit on the table.
M: butter
F: There is butter on the table.
M: three loaves of bread
F: There are three loaves of bread on the table.
四.聽短文回答問題
我們還是依照慣例念一段文章給你聽, 聽完之后請你回答三個問題. 今天這段文章主要是說 Kate 要到超級市場去買雞, 買青菜, 買面包, 牛奶等等.
現(xiàn)在我們先用正常速度念給你聽.
Kate is going to the supermarket to buy some groceries today. First, she checks to see what she needs to buy. How much bread does she need? How much butter? What kind of vegetables? Is there enough fruit? Next, Kate makes a shopping list. She is planning to buy two chickens,two heads of cabbage, four tomatoes,and two loaves of bread. She's also going to need two quarts of milk and a dozen eggs. Then, she thinks about money. How much money does she need? Ten dollars? No, maybe twenty. There isn't a lot of money in her purse. She'll have to stop at the bank on her way to the supermarket.
剛才那段文章你都聽懂了嗎? 假如沒全懂,等一會兒還有機(jī)會聽. 現(xiàn)在請你注意聽我們今天要問的三個問題.
第一個問題是:
M: What is Kate going to do?
第二個問題是:
M: What food is Kate going to buy?
下面是第三個問題:
M: Where does she have to stop on her way to the supermarket?
現(xiàn)在我們用慢速度再把文章念一遍,請你注意上面三個問題的答案:
Kate is going to the supermarket to buy some groceries today. First, she checks to see what she needs to buy. How much bread does she need? How much butter? What kind of vegetables? Is there enough fruit? Next, Kate makes a shopping list. She is planning to buy two chickens,two heads of cabbage, four tomatoes,and two loaves of bread. She's also going to need two quarts of milk and a dozen eggs. Then, she thinks about money. How much money does she need? Ten dollars? No, maybe twenty. There isn't a lot of money in her purse. She'll have to stop at the bank on her way to the supermarket.
下面請你回答今天測驗的三個問題. 在你回答之后請聽正確答案.
下面是第一個問題:
M: What is Kate going to do?
F: She is going to buy some groceries.
第二個問題是:
M: What food is Kate going to buy?
F: She is going to buy chickens,cabbage,tomatoes,bread,milk and eggs.
下面是第三個問題:
M: Where does she have to stop on her way to the supermarket?
F: She'll have to stop at the bank.
