Kissing The Bride
Western brides have been kissed as part of the wedding ceremony since the days of the Roman empire.Among engaged Roman couples,the kiss was a legal bond1),the public certification that the union had taken place symbolically;if one of the contracting parties died before the formal ceremony,the survivor could keep the wedding gifts if,and only if,the two had kissed.“The symbolic value of this kiss,”Nicolas Perella notes,“depends upon the deeply rooted idea of the kiss as a vehicle for the transference2) of power or ’souls’ .”The kiss as a binding3) symbol survives in the modern wedding ceremony.According to the church and the state,a couple is one when the officiant pronounces them so,but that is never enough for the guests:The community sees the ceremony as completed --that is,as formally“sealed”--only when the bride and groom kiss.
The wedding kiss also symbolizes the change of state of the bride.When he lifts her veil to touch her lips,the husband announces to the congregation that he defines and accepts her new identity.Just as the kiss of t he Prince awakens Sleeping Beauty,so the kiss of her own Prince Charming fractures the bride's slumber4) of maidenhood5) and initiates her into adult life.The custom of having the guests kiss the bride may be seen as an elaboration of this initiation motif.The serial pecking ritual that often follows the ceremony --in which everybody from Uncle Joe to the newspaper boy gets a shot at the bride --should be seen not as a harmless sexual game,and much less as the distribution of bridal favors,but as a communal welcoming rite.The guests' kissing fortifies and endorses6) the husband's.
□by Tad Tuleja
吻 新 娘
自羅馬帝國(guó)時(shí)代以來(lái),吻新娘一直是西方結(jié)婚儀式的組成部分。在訂了婚的羅馬情侶當(dāng)中,接吻是法律上的一種契約,象征著他們的結(jié)合有了公開的證明;倘若立下婚約的一方在正式婚禮舉行之前死去,那么活著的一方可以保留結(jié)婚禮物,只要雙方已經(jīng)接過(guò)吻,而且也只有在已經(jīng)接過(guò)吻的情況下才可以這樣做。“這種接吻的象征價(jià)值,”尼古拉·佩雷拉指出,“在于對(duì)接吻的一種根深蒂固的觀念,即接吻是傳遞權(quán)力或‘靈魂’的一種方法。”接吻作為男女結(jié)合的象征,一直流傳到現(xiàn)代的結(jié)婚儀式上。根據(jù)教會(huì)和國(guó)家法規(guī),一對(duì)未婚男女一俟司儀牧師宣布他們?cè)敢饨Y(jié)合便算成婚,但這對(duì)客人們來(lái)說(shuō)還遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠;只有新娘和新郎接過(guò)了吻,社區(qū)的人才認(rèn)為婚禮完成———這就是說(shuō)已經(jīng)正式“蓋印”。
婚禮上的接吻還象征新娘身份的變化。當(dāng)新郎揭開她的面紗去吻她嘴唇的時(shí)候,丈夫是在向大家宣布,他已確認(rèn)并且接受了她新的身份。就像那王子的親吻喚醒睡美人一樣,她可愛的王子的親吻把新娘從少女時(shí)期的酣睡中喚醒,并把她引進(jìn)成年人的生活。讓客人們吻新娘的習(xí)俗可以被看成是這種引進(jìn)主旨的完美闡釋。常常在婚禮結(jié)束以后,客人們———從大叔大伯到報(bào)童———依次都可匆匆輕吻一下新娘。這一儀式不應(yīng)該被看成是一種無(wú)惡意的性游戲,更不應(yīng)該被看成是新娘愛意的分送,而應(yīng)該被看成是大家舉行的一種歡迎儀式??腿藗兊奈菑?qiáng)化并認(rèn)可了丈夫的吻。
NOTE 注釋:
1. bond [bCnd] n. 結(jié)合
2. transference [5trAnsfErEns] n. 移動(dòng), 轉(zhuǎn)送, 轉(zhuǎn)讓
3. binding [5baindiN] n. 捆綁
4. slumber [5slQmbE] n. 睡眠
5. maidenhood [5meId(E)nhJd] n. 少女時(shí)代
6. endorse [in5dC:s] v. 認(rèn)可