British Pub Etiquette And Customs
Visitors to Britain may find the best place to sample local culture is in a traditional pub. But these friendly hostelries1) can be minefields of potential gaffes2) for the uninitiated.
An anthropologist3) and a team of researchers have unveiled4) some of the arcane5) rituals of British pubs――starting with the difficulty of getting a drink. Most pubs have no waiters――you have to go to the bar to buy drinks. A group of Italian youths waiting 45minutes before they realized they would have to fetch their own. This may sound inconvenient, but there is a hidden purpose.
Pub etiquette is designed to promote sociability in a society known for its reserve. Standing at the bar for service allows you to chat with others waiting to be served. The bar counter is possibly the only site in the British lsles in which friendly conversation with strangers is considered entirely appropriate and really quite normal behaviour. “If you haven’t been to a pub, you haven’t been to Britain. ”This tip can be found in a booklet, Passport to the Pub:The Tourists’ Guide to Pub Etiquette, a customers’ code of conduct for those wanting to sample“a central part of British life and culture. ”
The trouble is that if you do not follow the local rules, the experience may fall flat. For example, if you are in a big group, it is best if only one or two people go to buy the drinks. Nothing irritates the regular customers and bar staff more than a gang of strangers blocking all access to the bar while they chat and dither about what to order.
Amazingly for the British, who love queues, there is no formal line-up;the bar staff are skilled at knowing whose turn it is.
You are permitted to try to attract attention, but there are rules about how to do this. Do not call out, tap coins on the counter, snap your finger or wave like a drowning swimmer. Do not scowl6) or sigh or roll y our eyes. And whatever you do, do not ring the bell hanging behind the counter――this is used by the landlord to signal closing time. The key thing is to catch the bar worker’s eyes. You could also hold an empty glass or some money, but do not wave them about. Do adopt an expectant, hopeful, even slightly anxious facial expression. If you look too contented and complacent, the bar staff may assume you are already being served.
Always say“please”and try to remember some of the British bar staffs pet hates. They do not like people to keep others waiting while they make up their minds. They don’ t like people standing idly against the bar when there are a lot of customers wanting for service. And they do not like people who wait until the end of the order before asking for such drinks as Guinness stout7) which take considerably longer to pour than other drinks.
One Dutch tourist who spent six months visiting 800 of Britain’s 61,000 pubs and interviewing 50 publicans and bar workers and more than 1,000 customers said: “I cannot understand how the British ever manage to buy themselves a drink.” But they do, and if you follow these tips you should be able to do so, too.
Speaking of tips, you should never offer the bar staff a cash gratuity. The correct behaviour is to offer them a drink. Pubs pride themselves on their egalitarian8) atmosphere. A tip in cash would be a reminder of their service role, whereas the offer of a drink is a friendly gesture.
So now you have a drink, but what about meeting the locals? Pub-goers will indicate in unspoken ways if they are interested in chatting. Concentrate on those who have bought drinks and are still loitering9) at the bar. Those who have moved to sit at tables are probably not seeking company. Look for people with“open”body language, facing out-wards into the room. Don’t ever introduce yourself with an outstretched hand and a big smile. Natives will cringe and squirm with embarrassment at such brashness. The British, quite frankly, do not want to know your name and shake your hand--or at least not until a proper degree of mutual interest has been well established(like maybe when you marry their daughter).
Talk generally about the weather, the beer or the pub and at an appropriate moment, offer to your new found companion a drink. This exchange is key to feeling part of the pub crowd and thereby getting to know more about Britain than its touists spots. The ritual of sharing――buying rounds of drinks in turn――is of great significance. This is because the British male is frightened of intimacy, finds it difficult to express friendly interest in other males and can be somewhat aggressive in his manner.
If you are having British friends or business contracts, one of your hosts will probably buy the first round, but you should be quick to offer the next. The right time to offer to buy a drink is when their glasses are still a quarter full. The line of “It’s my round――What are you having?” may not be in your phrase book, but it is one of the most useful sentences in the English language.
英國(guó)酒吧的禮儀與習(xí)俗
去英國(guó)的游客會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)傳統(tǒng)英國(guó)酒吧是最能領(lǐng)略當(dāng)?shù)匚幕牡胤?。但?duì)于初來乍到的異國(guó)來說, 這些友善的酒吧卻猶如潛藏著有惹事危險(xiǎn)的“地雷區(qū)”。
一位人類學(xué)家和一組研究人員揭示了某些鮮為人知的英國(guó)酒吧儀俗。人們首先遇到的困難是從買酒開始的。大多數(shù)英國(guó)酒吧都沒有酒保, 你得到吧臺(tái)去買酒。一伙意大利年輕人等了三刻鐘才明白他們得自己去買。這聽上去似乎讓人覺得不方便, 可卻有它深刻的內(nèi)涵。
在因其冷漠而出名的英國(guó)社會(huì)里, 酒吧儀俗的形成是為了促進(jìn)社會(huì)交往。排隊(duì)的時(shí)候可以和其他等待買酒的人交談。在英倫諸島上, 和陌生人親切地交談被認(rèn)為是完全適宜的正常行為的惟一場(chǎng)所可能就是吧臺(tái)了。“你如果沒有去過酒吧, 那就等于沒有到過英國(guó)。”這個(gè)忠告可在名為《酒吧護(hù)照:旅游者酒吧儀俗指南》的小冊(cè)子中找到, 它對(duì)那些想要領(lǐng)略“英國(guó)生活和文化核心部分”的人是一種行為準(zhǔn)則。
問題是如果你不入鄉(xiāng)隨俗的話, 你將一無所獲。譬如說, 你們?nèi)羰菆F(tuán)體前往, 那最好是一個(gè)或兩個(gè)人前去買酒。酒吧??秃途票W钅佄兜木褪且淮蠡锶艘贿吜闹贿呌謨?yōu)柔寡斷不知喝什么酒好, 把通往吧臺(tái)的路給堵住。
就愛排隊(duì)的英國(guó)人而言, 酒吧里看不到正式的排隊(duì), 這令人感到驚訝。酒保有本領(lǐng)知道該輪到誰了。
你可以做些動(dòng)作引起酒保的注意, 但有規(guī)可循。不要大聲嚷嚷, 不要在吧臺(tái)面上敲擊錢幣, 不要叭叭地彈手指, 不要像快淹死的人那樣揮動(dòng)手臂, 不要繃著臉, 不要唉聲嘆氣, 不要翻動(dòng)眼珠。在不該干的事當(dāng)中還絕對(duì)不要搖晃掛在吧臺(tái)后面的鈴, 那是酒吧老板用的, 表示關(guān)門時(shí)間到了。關(guān)鍵是你要讓酒保看見你。你可以舉起空杯子或錢, 可不要搖晃。你臉上可以流露等待、期望, 甚至略帶焦急的表情。你如果顯得太心滿意足的樣子, 酒保會(huì)認(rèn)為他們已經(jīng)為你提供服務(wù)了。
要把“請(qǐng)”字掛在嘴邊, 要盡量記住一些英國(guó)酒保最厭惡的事。他們不喜歡酒客拿不定主意而讓他們等著;不喜歡好多客人等著買酒而有人卻靠著吧臺(tái)閑站著;也不喜歡有人等到最后才說要喝像愛爾蘭烈性黑啤酒那樣的酒, 因?yàn)楸绕饎e的酒來, 準(zhǔn)備這種酒的時(shí)間要長(zhǎng)得多。
一個(gè)曾花了半年時(shí)間, 去了英國(guó)61000家酒吧中的800個(gè), 訪談了50位酒吧老板和酒保以及1000多個(gè)酒客的荷蘭旅游者說:“我不明白英國(guó)人是怎么給自己買到酒的。”可事實(shí)上他們就能。如果你按著本文所說的忠告去做, 你也能如愿以償?shù)刭I到酒。
說到“小費(fèi)”, 你可千萬別給酒?,F(xiàn)金以表示謝意。正確的做法是請(qǐng)酒保喝一盅。酒吧為自己的平等氣氛感到自豪?,F(xiàn)金小費(fèi)會(huì)使人想到酒保是伺候人的, 而請(qǐng)喝一杯則是友好的表示。
好, 你現(xiàn)在喝上酒了, 那又怎么和當(dāng)?shù)厝私佑|呢?上酒吧的人如果有興趣交談的話, 會(huì)用非言語方式表現(xiàn)出來。注意那些已經(jīng)買了酒可還在吧臺(tái)前晃蕩的人。那些已經(jīng)離開吧臺(tái), 找到椅子坐下的人可能只想獨(dú)斟。找那些臉朝外, 朝屋里人看, 用形體語言表示“可接觸”的人。千萬不要伸出手來笑容滿面地自我介紹。對(duì)于這種輕率魯莽, 當(dāng)?shù)厝藭?huì)因?qū)擂味鴳?zhàn)戰(zhàn)兢兢, 坐立不安。坦率地說, 英國(guó)人不想知道你的姓名, 也不想跟你握手---至少在相互間尚未形成某種共同利益(譬如當(dāng)你娶他們的女兒為妻)之前不會(huì)。
可以跟人泛泛地談天氣, 談啤酒, 或者談所在的酒吧。在適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)刻主動(dòng)提出給你新找到的同伴買酒。這種相互請(qǐng)酒是感受自己是酒吧群體中一員的關(guān)鍵做法, 從而可以更多了解旅游點(diǎn)以外的英國(guó)。輪流買酒分擔(dān)費(fèi)用的習(xí)俗有它重要意義。這是因?yàn)橛?guó)男人害怕親密, 他們對(duì)其他男性表示友好有困難, 舉止行為上多少有可能不甚和善。
你如果和英國(guó)朋友在一起或者在洽談商業(yè)合同, 接待你的主人中有一位可能買第一輪酒, 而你應(yīng)該很快表示買下一輪的。在對(duì)方杯子里的酒還剩下四分之一時(shí), 就是你該提出買酒的時(shí)候了。“這輪由我買---你喝的是什么?”這句話在你的英語小冊(cè)子里可能沒有, 但它卻是英國(guó)語言中非常有用的一句話。
NOTE 注釋:
hostelry [5hCstElri] n. 旅館
gaffe [^Af] n. 過失, 出丑, 失態(tài)
anthropologist [7AnWrE5pClEdVist] n. 人類學(xué)者, 人類學(xué)家
unveil [Qn5veil] vt. 使公諸于眾, 揭開
arcane [B:5kein] adj. 神秘的,鮮為人知
scowl [skaul] vt. 板著臉表示
stout [staut] n. 烈性啤酒
egalitarian [I^AlI5teErIEn] adj. 平等主義的
loiter [5lCitE] v. 閑蕩, 虛度, 徘徊