雙語詩歌翻譯|司馬光-《諫院題名記》

本文論述了諫官的職責(zé)與重要性。作者認(rèn)為向皇帝進(jìn)諫是很重要的事情，所以要設(shè)立諫官。因?yàn)橹G官的責(zé)任重大，為此官者必須謹(jǐn)慎和忠誠，還要將諫官的名字刻在石上讓當(dāng)時(shí)和后來的人監(jiān)督。

《諫院題名記》 司馬光

古者諫無官，自公卿大夫，至于工商，無不得諫者。

漢興以來，始置官。夫以天下之政，四海之眾，得失利病，萃于一官；使言之，其為任亦重矣。居是官者，當(dāng)志其大，舍其細(xì)；先其急，后其緩；專利國家而不為身謀。彼汲汲于名者，猶汲汲于利也，其間相去何遠(yuǎn)哉？

天禧初，真宗詔置諫官六員，責(zé)其職事。慶歷中，錢君始書其名于版，光恐久而漫滅。嘉佑八年，刻于石。后之人將歷指其名而議之曰：“某也忠，某也詐，某也直，某也曲。”嗚呼！可不懼哉！

Censors
Szu-Ma Kuang

In ancient times there was no such office as that of Censor. From the highest chamberlain of Court down to the humblest workman of the people, all were free alike to offer their advice to the Throne.

With the Han dynasty, the functions of Censor became vested in a single individual officer, whose duty it was to advise on all matters involving the welfare of the empire generally, His was a sacred trust; and for this post it was necessary to choose men of resolution and of liberal minds, who could gauge the relative importance of events and entirely subordinate their own interests to those of the commonwealth. Seekers after notoriety or wealth found no place in their ranks.

During the Sung dynasty the number of Censors was increased to six; and later on their names were duly engraved upon wooden boards. But I, fearing lest these should be obliterated by time, caused them to be carved upon stone; so that future generations might point to the record and say, "such a one was loyal. Such a one was a traitor. Such a one was upright. Such a one was corrupt." Verily this should give good cause for fear!