英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)考試話題有哪些？英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)考試話題常用展開方式

　　大家在準(zhǔn)備英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)考試的時(shí)候，是需要多了解一些英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)考試話題的，那么英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)考試話題有哪些?英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)考試話題常用展開方式有哪些呢?今天聽力課堂就給大家介紹下。
　　英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)考試話題常用展開方式
　　(一) 枚舉法 枚舉法也叫列舉法，用這種方法擴(kuò)展話題，首先提出論點(diǎn)，然后列舉一系列論據(jù)或原因?qū)χ黝}進(jìn)行論證或闡述。請(qǐng)看下面一段語(yǔ)段： There are two reasons why I have decided to attend our university. First of all, there is the question of money, our university’s tuition fee is reasonable, and I don’t even have to pay it all at once. This is very important, since my father is not a rich man. With the deferred payment plan, my father will be able to pay my tuition without too much difficulty. The second reason is the fine education I will receive in management, my chosen field. For some well-known experienced managers are hired as visiting professors in our university. Moreover, our university requires all students to gain practical experiences by working in a company. 說話人在論述選擇上該大學(xué)的原因時(shí)，首先提出論點(diǎn)：“我選擇上該大學(xué)出自兩個(gè)理由”，接著列舉了學(xué)費(fèi)和教育兩個(gè)方面，來對(duì)該論點(diǎn)進(jìn)行論證。兩個(gè)論據(jù)通過連接短語(yǔ)first of all和the second reason貫通在一起。在論證第二方面的原因時(shí)，又從兩方面進(jìn)行闡述，即：該大學(xué)管理系聘請(qǐng)了最好的有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的管理專家擔(dān)任訪問教授并為學(xué)生求學(xué)期間提供實(shí)習(xí)機(jī)會(huì)。Moreover是連接詞，將這兩層意思連接起來。 表示枚舉的常見過渡性連接詞語(yǔ)有：first, second, third; in the first place, in the second place; first of all, first and foremost; to begin with, to start with; for one thing, for another; also, besides, furthermore, moreover, in addition, what is more; above all; next; beyond that; initially; eventually, finally, last but not least等。用枚舉法來擴(kuò)展話題，可以幫助考生迅速理清思路，同時(shí)使論述的內(nèi)容層次分明，脈絡(luò)清楚。
　　(二) 描述法 描述法是話題擴(kuò)展的一種常用手段，語(yǔ)段描述一般都是描述人、地方或物品的某個(gè)特點(diǎn)，并且語(yǔ)段的主題句往往表達(dá)說話人的總體印象。請(qǐng)看下面一段人物描寫： The most fascinating person I know is Xiaoming, a friend of mine. Xiaoming has many unusual characteristics you would not guess from his physical appearance. He is probably the shortest and thinnest man that I know. Nevertheless, he is the best athlete in our school. Moreover, he is also a wonderful storyteller. He often entertains us for hours with stories about the interesting things he does and the people he knows. The most important thing is that he is a person who will not hesitate to help you when you are in trouble. You will feel how wonderful it is to be one of his friends. I am sure that you would find him a fascinating person too. 該語(yǔ)段是典型的人物描述，所有的句子緊緊圍繞主題句—Xiaoming is the most fascinating person I know—來展開。Xiaoming給人的總體印象是迷人的，說話人通過從外貌、特長(zhǎng)、品質(zhì)等方面對(duì)他進(jìn)行描述，突出強(qiáng)調(diào)他與眾不同的典型特征，給人留下深刻的印象。應(yīng)該注意到形容詞在精彩生動(dòng)的描述中所起的作用，如：the most fascinating, unusual, the shortest and thinnest, best, wonderful等。
　　(三) 舉例法 舉例法亦稱例證法，它與枚舉法有很多相似之處，唯一不同的是，用例證法展開話題時(shí)，主題句中提出論點(diǎn)，然后通過實(shí)際事例予以論證或闡述，而不是僅羅列一些原因或利弊。值得注意的是，要求所選的事例能很好地支持主題句中的論點(diǎn)。請(qǐng)看下面的語(yǔ)段： There is no denying that life is full of undesirable risks. To illustrate, a driver throws himself into danger when driving too fast, and a heavy smoker is running the risk of suffering from lung cancer. However, there are many risks worth taking, since they will bring you success, fame or pleasure. For example, Ke Shouliang once challenged the physical limitation of a man and risked his life in flying over the Yellow River in his car. And he made it and was hailed as hero. 說話人以生活中的冒險(xiǎn)為主題，認(rèn)為有的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)應(yīng)該避開而有的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)卻值得嘗試。每層意思均以舉例的方式展開闡述。首先以駕車超速招致禍患和吸煙導(dǎo)致肺癌為例來說明類似的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)應(yīng)該予以回避;接著以柯受良駕車飛躍黃河為例來闡述值得冒的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)及其原因。 表示舉例的常見過渡性連接詞語(yǔ)有：for example, for instance, as an example, as an illustration, such as, such, a case in point is, to illustrate, in particular, specifically, say, next, namely, that is, like, take …as an example等。舉例法是通過具體的實(shí)例來闡述論點(diǎn)，使該法來支持或反對(duì)某一觀點(diǎn)。
　　(四) 比較對(duì)照法 比較對(duì)照法是闡述話題主旨的常用方法之一。比較對(duì)照法由比較和對(duì)照兩部分組成，但兩者往往一起使用，以闡述兩者或更多事物間的異同。比較描述的是所比對(duì)象的相同和相似點(diǎn)，而對(duì)照則強(qiáng)調(diào)所描述對(duì)象的不同點(diǎn)，甚至相反之處。 比較對(duì)照的結(jié)構(gòu)有多種，可以先集中描述甲A、甲B、甲C……;乙A、乙B、乙C……;也可以是甲乙方同時(shí)逐點(diǎn)描述：甲A、乙A;甲B、乙B……例如： My two friends have similar and different characteristics, such as appearance, personality and hobbies. Wendy is short and blonde. In contrast, Lisa is taller than Wendy, and Lisa’s hair is much darker and curlier than Wendy’s. Wendy is the shy type and doesn’t talk loudly when other people are there. On the other hand, Lisa is more outgoing than Wendy and likes to speak more. Both Lisa and Wendy enjoy doing different things, and they do them well. For instance, Wendy is a folk dancer, and she dances more gracefully than Lisa, but Lisa can play tennis better than Wendy. Wendy and Lisa are friends; for this reason, other people like to compare them. 說話人比較了兩個(gè)朋友在外貌、性格和愛好方面的相同點(diǎn)及不同點(diǎn)，以“甲A、乙A;甲B、乙B……”的比較方式展開，分條討論這兩位朋友的異同。又 如： There are some similarities between the city and the countryside; however, great differences between them still exist. In our country, most people like to live in the city, because of entertainment and better health service as well. Children can get better education. But it is noisy and crowded in the city. Life in the countryside, on the other hand, is much simple and comparatively dull. Transportation is not convenient, and the chances of education are limited. But there is much less noise there, and the air is cleaner. 說話人從交通、娛樂、教育、環(huán)境等四個(gè)方面論述了城鄉(xiāng)生活的差異，采用的是“甲A、甲B、甲C……;乙A;乙B、乙C……”先城市后農(nóng)村的集中對(duì)照手法。 常用的表示比較的過渡性連接詞語(yǔ)有：similarly, likewise, correspondingly, in a similar way, in the same way, too, like, resemble, similar to, equal to, equally important, both…and…, the same as等。常用的表示對(duì)照的過渡性連接詞語(yǔ)有：on the one hand, on the other hand, on the contrary, in contrast, by contrast, in contrast to, in sharp contrast, conversely, otherwise, however, nevertheless, but, yet, although, even though, whereas, while, it is true…but…, instead, unlike, rather than, in spite of, contrast with, different from, contrary to, differ from, though等。
　　(五) 因果法 因果法經(jīng)常用以闡述原因，回答為什么這類問題，分析事物發(fā)展的前因后果。因果關(guān)系的普遍性決定了因果關(guān)系的復(fù)雜性，通常因果模式有一因一果，一因多果、一果多因和因果鏈等，而以因果方式擴(kuò)展話題時(shí)通常采用先因后果或先果后因的一因多果或一果多因模式，其中的多因或多果又常以枚舉方式列舉。例如： There is a great demand for colleges to conduct reforms on English teaching and learning. Is there a particular reason for college English reforms? Educational surveys uncover many contributing causes. Some students see little relationship between class work and future employment requirements. In addition, their oral English is quite poor even learning English for so many years. The daily school routine presents an unchanging and often boring schedule. In addition to these factors, the students’ own problems and needs may lead students to lose interests in learning English. 說話人分析了進(jìn)行大學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)改革的原因。原因是多方面的，有課堂教學(xué)與未來工作要求脫節(jié)的原因，有教學(xué)效果不如意的原因，有課程單調(diào)乏味的原因，還有學(xué)生自身的問題和需求使其失去學(xué)習(xí)興趣等方面的原因?？梢?，這是一種一果多因的關(guān)系。過渡性連接詞語(yǔ)in addition, in addition to以及reason, cause, lead to等詞語(yǔ)將多種原因串聯(lián)起來，取得很好的連貫效果。 常用的表示因果關(guān)系的過渡性連接詞語(yǔ)有：(因)because, as, since, for, owing to, because of, due to, on account of, as a result of, for the first reason, result from; (果)thus, so, hence, therefore, accordingly, consequently, for this reason, on that account, as a result, as a consequence, it follows that …, result in, contribute to等。
　　常用英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)考試話題50例
　　Unit1 Travel旅游
　　Unit2 Family and Friends親朋好友
　　Unit3 Shopping購(gòu)物
　　Unit4 The Change of Chinese Family中國(guó)家庭的變化
　　Unit5 Animals動(dòng)物
　　Unit6 EducationinChina中國(guó)教育
　　Unit7 Entertainment娛樂
　　Unit8 History of China中國(guó)歷史
　　Unit9 Social Life社會(huì)生活
　　Unitl0 Overseas Study留學(xué)
　　Unit11 Unexpected Incidents突發(fā)事件
　　Unit12 Past Experiences往事
　　Unit13 A Place to Visit參觀
　　Unit14 People人物
　　Unit15 Describe a Job描述工作
　　Unitl6 Mass Media大眾傳媒
　　Unit17 Wedding婚禮
　　Unit18 Dressing Style服裝款式
　　Unit19 Leisure Activities閑暇生活
　　Unit20 Music音樂
　　Unit21 Transportation交通
　　Unit22 Festivals節(jié)日
　　Unit23 Symptoms癥狀
　　Unit24 Sports體育
　　Unit25 Globalization全球化
　　Unit26 Mobile Phones and Priracy手機(jī)與隱私
　　Unit27 Fighting against Drugs抵制
　　Unit28 One—Child Policy in China中國(guó)的計(jì)劃生育政策
　　Unit29 Women in China中國(guó)婦女
　　Unit30 Environment環(huán)境
　　Unit31 JuvenileDelinquency少年犯罪
　　Unit32 DINKFamily丁克家庭
　　Unit33 Cloning Technology VS.Morality克隆技術(shù)與道德倫理
　　Unit34 Reading VS.Watching TV for Kids讓孩子讀書還是看電視?
　　Unit35 Capital Punishment死刑
　　Unit36 Plastic Surgery整容手術(shù)
　　Unit37 Anti—Aging延緩衰老
　　Unit38 Advertising廣告
　　Unit39 City andCountryside都市與鄉(xiāng)村
　　Unit40 Health健康
　　Unit41 Housing住房
　　Unit42 Retirement退休
　　Unit43 Welfare福利
　　Unit44 Food飲食
　　Unit45 Language語(yǔ)言
　　Unit46 Religious Belief宗教信仰
　　Unit47 Work工作
　　Unit48 Business Ethics企業(yè)道德
　　Unit49 Public Display ofAffection公開示愛
　　Unit50 Challenges for Today’S Students：Eduction and Profession
　　常見的英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)考試話題
　　1. What’s your name?
　　2. Does your name have any special meaning?
　　3. Where do you come from?
　　4. What kind of landscape surrounds your hometown?
　　5. What is the main crop in your hometown?
　　6. What is the difference between Beijing and your hometown?
　　7. What are the main places of interest in your hometown?
　　8. What is the climate like in your hometown?
　　9. What is the character of the people like in the region where you live?
　　10. What are the differences in accent between the people of your hometown and Beijing?
　　11. What is people’s favorite food in your region?
　　12. How do you make dumplings?
　　13. What do you do during the Spring Festival?
　　14. Why is the Spring Festival so important to Chinese people?
　　15. Can you describe one of the main festivals celebrated in your country?
　　16. Tell me something about the Lantern Festival.
　　17. Tell me something about the Qing Ming Festival.
　　18. Tell me something about the customs of your country.
　　19. How long have you lived in Beijing?
　　20. What is the weather like in Beijing?
　　常用英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)考試話題
　　1. How do you compare the climate in Beijing with that in your hometown?
　　2. What place in Beijing do you like best? Why ?
　　3. Which is the worst place you’ve been to China?
　　4. Which is the best place you’ve been to China?
　　5. What places in Beijing should a foreigner visit? Why?
　　6. What are the major social problems in Beijing? How can they be solved?
　　7. What is the biggest problem China faces?
　　8. What troubles you most at the moment?
　　9. Could you tell me something about your family?
　　10. Have you any children?
　　11. What is your child’s name? Does his name have a meaning?
　　12 . What does your wife/husband do?
　　13. When did you get married?
　　14. Describe your wedding.
　　15. How have weddings changed in recent years?
　　16. Are there any special customs about wedding in your region?
　　17. Describe a traditional wedding ceremony.
　　18. Where did you go for your honeymoon?
　　19. Did you have to ask for permission from your parents before you got married?
　　20. Is it acceptable for couples to live together without marrying?
　　通過以上的內(nèi)容，我們已經(jīng)了解了英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)考試話題的內(nèi)容了，可見，英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)考試話題是非常多的，大家可以針對(duì)這些話題去闡述內(nèi)容，具體的可以咨詢聽力課堂。