背誦為王第四冊第39課
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- 參考譯文
遠程學(xué)習(xí)
開放式學(xué)習(xí)是一個籠統(tǒng)的術(shù)語，它指的是能使更多的人得到學(xué)習(xí)機會的教育或培訓(xùn)計劃。通過開放式學(xué)習(xí)，人們可以控制學(xué)習(xí)的內(nèi)容、學(xué)習(xí)的形式、學(xué)習(xí)的地點和學(xué)習(xí)的節(jié)奏，選擇誰幫助自己學(xué)習(xí)以及以何種方式評價自己的學(xué)習(xí)成果。
遠程學(xué)習(xí)是一種特殊的開放式學(xué)習(xí)，在這種學(xué)習(xí)形式下，指導(dǎo)教師和學(xué)習(xí)者相隔遙遠。有時也稱為“函授教育”或者“函授課程”。早期的遠程學(xué)習(xí)借助于郵政系統(tǒng)，現(xiàn)在使用的是計算機、衛(wèi)星和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。遠程學(xué)習(xí)并不是一個嶄新的概念，最早的遠程學(xué)習(xí)可能是皮特曼組織于十九世紀末開設(shè)的速記課程。
1969年，開放式大學(xué)在英國誕生了。這在西方牢固地確立了所有人都應(yīng)該享有素質(zhì)教育這條原則。這個觀念起源于蘇聯(lián)，在那里，大規(guī)模的遠程教育已經(jīng)開展了好多年。在開放式大學(xué)成立后的30年里，人們得到了一條重要的經(jīng)驗。
遠程學(xué)習(xí)者需要的遠遠不只是一位批改作業(yè)然后把作業(yè)發(fā)給學(xué)習(xí)者的指導(dǎo)教師。提供課程的機構(gòu)必須有完善的管理系統(tǒng)，能使學(xué)習(xí)者得到考核并給他們簽發(fā)證書。許多組織還為學(xué)生提供暑期班和社會活動。這有利于建立一個虛擬的學(xué)習(xí)社區(qū)，對所有的學(xué)習(xí)者都有好處，特別對參加遠程學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)生會有幫助。
Lesson39 Distance Learning
Open learning is a general term for any education or training scheme that tries to make learning available to more people. With open learning, people take responsibility for what they learn, how they learn, where they learn, how quickly they learn, who helps them and how they have their learning assessed.
Distance learning, is a special type of open learning where tutors and learners are far away from each other. This was sometimes called "home-study" or "correspondence courses."
Originally relying on the postal system, distance learning now uses the computer, satellite and the Internet.
The concept of distance learning is not a new one. The first structured distance learning or correspondence courses were probably the shorthand courses offered by the Pitman organization at the end of the 19th century.
In 1969 the Open University (OU) was created in the UK. This firmly established in the West the principle of access for all to quality education. The idea originally came from the Soviet Union where distance learning had run for many years on a large scale. In the 30 years since the OU was established, an important lesson has been learned.
Distance learners need much more than a tutor who marks assignments and sends them back. Course providers must have excellent administration systems and give their students access to accreditation and qualifications. Many organizations also provide summer schools and social events for students.
This helps to create a virtual learning community, good for all learners, and especially helpful for students of distance learning.
accreditation 鑒定合格
Open learning is a general term for any education or training scheme that tries to make learning available to more people. With open learning, people take responsibility for what they learn, how they learn, where they learn, how quickly they learn, who helps them and how they have their learning assessed.
Distance learning, is a special type of open learning where tutors and learners are far away from each other. This was sometimes called "home-study" or "correspondence courses."
Originally relying on the postal system, distance learning now uses the computer, satellite and the Internet.
The concept of distance learning is not a new one. The first structured distance learning or correspondence courses were probably the shorthand courses offered by the Pitman organization at the end of the 19th century.
In 1969 the Open University (OU) was created in the UK. This firmly established in the West the principle of access for all to quality education. The idea originally came from the Soviet Union where distance learning had run for many years on a large scale. In the 30 years since the OU was established, an important lesson has been learned.
Distance learners need much more than a tutor who marks assignments and sends them back. Course providers must have excellent administration systems and give their students access to accreditation and qualifications. Many organizations also provide summer schools and social events for students.
This helps to create a virtual learning community, good for all learners, and especially helpful for students of distance learning.
accreditation 鑒定合格
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