背誦為王第四冊(cè)第38課
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- 參考譯文
切羅基人
遠(yuǎn)在白人來到美洲之前，印第安人是這片土地的唯一主人。如今美國的東南部曾經(jīng)是切羅基人居住的地方。切羅基人是熱愛和平的農(nóng)夫，居住在固定的村莊里。他們的家園和公共建筑是用磚和石頭建造的。他們擁有美麗的種植園。
第一批白人來到之后，切羅基人學(xué)會(huì)了許多白人的生活方式。?？紒喪且晃磺辛_基學(xué)者，他看到了讀和寫對(duì)白人的重要性，于是決定為切羅基口語創(chuàng)造一種文字。起初他試圖為每一個(gè)詞創(chuàng)造一個(gè)符號(hào)，但是后來證明這是不可行的&&切羅基語言里有太多的詞匯。后來他采納了組成切羅基語言的八十五個(gè)音。借助自己的創(chuàng)造力和一本英語拼寫課本，希考亞為每一個(gè)音發(fā)明了一個(gè)符號(hào)。令人驚訝的是，他的符號(hào)系統(tǒng)非常容易學(xué)。沒過多久，很多切羅基人就學(xué)會(huì)了用自己的語言讀和寫。到一八二八年，切羅基人甚至擁有了自己的報(bào)紙。
1830年，美國議會(huì)通過了一項(xiàng)法律，規(guī)定政府可以把印第安人從他們居住的土地上趕走。但切羅基人不愿意離開。他們世代居住在這片土地，這片土地屬于他們。為什么要讓他們遷到密西西比河對(duì)岸一片遙遠(yuǎn)的陌生之地？
政府派來了軍隊(duì)，強(qiáng)迫切羅基人遷出。士兵們包圍了切羅基人的村莊，用槍口逼著他們向西遷徙。四千多切羅基人死在了殘酷的遷徙路途上。他們稱這次遷徙為“悲傷之旅”。這條路的盡頭也是偉大的切羅基民族的盡頭。
Lesson38 The Cherokee
Long before the white man came to the Americas, the land belonged only to the Indian. The Cherokee lived in what is now the southeastern part of the United States. They were peace-loving farmers who lived in permanent villages. They built homes and public buildings of brick and stone. They had fine plantations.
When the first white men came, the Cherokee copied many of their ways. One Cherokee scholar, Sequoyah, saw how important reading and writing was to the white man. He decided to make a written form of the spoken Cherokee language. At first he tried to make a sign, or symbol, for each word. But that proved impossible - there were just too many words. Then he took the 85 sounds that made up the Cherokee language. Using his own imagination and an English spelling book, Sequoyah invented a sign for each sound. His alphabet proved amazingly easy to learn. Before long, many Cherokee knew how to read and write in their own language. By 1828, the Cherokee were even printing their own newspaper.
In 1830, the U.S. Congress passed a law. It said the government could remove Indians from their lands. The Cherokee would not go. They had lived on their land for centuries. It belonged to them. Why should they go to a strange land far beyond the Mississippi River?
The army was sent to force the Cherokee out. Soldiers surrounded their villages and marched them west at gunpoint.
More than 4000 Cherokee died during the terrible march. They called that march "The Trail of Tears." The end of the trail was also the end of the great Cherokee nation.
Long before the white man came to the Americas, the land belonged only to the Indian. The Cherokee lived in what is now the southeastern part of the United States. They were peace-loving farmers who lived in permanent villages. They built homes and public buildings of brick and stone. They had fine plantations.
When the first white men came, the Cherokee copied many of their ways. One Cherokee scholar, Sequoyah, saw how important reading and writing was to the white man. He decided to make a written form of the spoken Cherokee language. At first he tried to make a sign, or symbol, for each word. But that proved impossible - there were just too many words. Then he took the 85 sounds that made up the Cherokee language. Using his own imagination and an English spelling book, Sequoyah invented a sign for each sound. His alphabet proved amazingly easy to learn. Before long, many Cherokee knew how to read and write in their own language. By 1828, the Cherokee were even printing their own newspaper.
In 1830, the U.S. Congress passed a law. It said the government could remove Indians from their lands. The Cherokee would not go. They had lived on their land for centuries. It belonged to them. Why should they go to a strange land far beyond the Mississippi River?
The army was sent to force the Cherokee out. Soldiers surrounded their villages and marched them west at gunpoint.
More than 4000 Cherokee died during the terrible march. They called that march "The Trail of Tears." The end of the trail was also the end of the great Cherokee nation.
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