誰(shuí)面臨著由冠狀病毒引起嚴(yán)重疾病的最大風(fēng)險(xiǎn)?

誰(shuí)面臨著由冠狀病毒引起嚴(yán)重疾病的最大風(fēng)險(xiǎn)?

Anyone can catch COVID-19. the disease caused by the newly identified coronavirus. But certain populations appear to be more vulnerable to its effects.

任何人都可以感染COVID-19.這種疾病是由新發(fā)現(xiàn)的冠狀病毒引起的。但某些人群似乎更容易受到其影響。

Consider the 11 deaths so far in the United States — one in California and the rest in Washington state.

以美國(guó)目前為止的11起死亡事件為例,一起發(fā)生在加州，另一起發(fā)生在華盛頓州。

The person who died in Placer County, Calif., was described by officials as "an elderly adult with underlying health conditions." Most of the people who died in Washington were residents of Life Care Center, a nursing facility in Kirkland. All but three of the victims in Washington were over age 70.

這位在加利福尼亞州普萊瑟縣去世的人被官方描述為“一位有潛在健康狀況的老年人”，華盛頓的大多數(shù)死者都是柯克蘭一家護(hù)理機(jī)構(gòu)生命護(hù)理中心的居民。在華盛頓，除了三名受害者外，其他人都超過(guò)70歲。

The younger people who died include one man in his 40s and two men in their 50s. Officials said these individuals had underlying medical problems that could have made them particularly susceptible to the virus, but officials would not detail what the problems were.

死去的年輕人包括一個(gè)40多歲的男人和兩名50多歲的男子。官員們說(shuō),這些人有潛在的醫(yī)療問(wèn)題,可能會(huì)使他們特別容易感染病毒,但官員們沒(méi)有詳細(xì)說(shuō)明(醫(yī)療)問(wèn)題是什么。

"There are too few patients to say specifically whether one underlying condition is more of a risk factor than another at this point," said Dr. Jeff Duchin, a public health official for Seattle and King County who spoke at a press briefing on the outbreak in Washington on Monday.

周一，西雅圖和金縣的公共衛(wèi)生官員杰夫杜欽博士在華盛頓舉行的一場(chǎng)新聞發(fā)布會(huì)上說(shuō)，“目前沒(méi)有多少患者能明確說(shuō)明，一種潛在疾病是否比另一種更危險(xiǎn)。”

"This disease wasn't even known to us two months ago. So we're still learning a lot about specific risk factors for disease," he said.

“我們兩個(gè)月前甚至還不知道這種疾病。因此，我們?nèi)栽诖罅垦芯繉?dǎo)致疾病的具體風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素。”

Still, he said, public health workers do know enough to say, generally, what may make someone more susceptible.

盡管如此，他說(shuō)，公共衛(wèi)生工作者確實(shí)知道足夠的信息來(lái)說(shuō)明，一般來(lái)說(shuō)，什么會(huì)使人更容易受到感染。

"It's apparent from what's been reported from China and from what we are seeing here locally that the patients who are having serious illness are those who are either very old, with weakened immune systems due to age, or have underlying chronic diseases," said Duchin.

杜欽說(shuō):“從中國(guó)的報(bào)告和我們?cè)诋?dāng)?shù)乜吹降那闆r來(lái)看，很明顯，那些患有嚴(yán)重疾病的病人要么年紀(jì)很大，由于年齡的原因，免疫系統(tǒng)很弱，要么患有慢性疾病。”

Those diseases include "chronic lung disease, chronic cardiac disease, diabetes," he said, explaining that these are the same conditions that typically put people at greater risk of severe illness from seasonal influenza, another respiratory viral disease.

他說(shuō)，這些疾病包括“慢性肺病、慢性心臟病、糖尿病”，他解釋說(shuō)，這些疾病通常會(huì)讓人們面臨更大的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，患上另一種呼吸道病毒性疾病，季節(jié)性流感。

Much of what public health experts know about this virus comes from China, where the number of cases now tops 80.000.

公共衛(wèi)生專家對(duì)這種病毒的了解大多來(lái)自中國(guó)，目前中國(guó)的病例數(shù)量已超過(guò)8萬(wàn)例。

There, children and younger people seem only mildly affected by the virus. A report from China described nine hospitalized children under 1 year old and found that none required intensive care or had any severe complications.

在那里，兒童和年輕人似乎只受到輕微的病毒的影響。一份來(lái)自中國(guó)的報(bào)告報(bào)道了9名1歲以下的住院兒童，發(fā)現(xiàn)他們不需要重癥監(jiān)護(hù)或有任何嚴(yán)重并發(fā)癥。

In China, where the outbreak originated, one study found that only 0.9% of 44.672 confirmed cases were in kids age 9 and under and that 1.2% were in youngsters age 10 to 19.

在疫情爆發(fā)的中國(guó)，一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在44.672例確診病例中，9歲及以下兒童僅占0.9%，10至19歲青少年占1.2%。

Most confirmed cases were among people age 30 to 79. and 80.9% of all illnesses were considered mild.

大多數(shù)確診病例發(fā)生在30歲至79歲的人群中，所有疾病中80.9%被認(rèn)為是輕微的。

Estimates for the overall fatality rate for this coronavirus have varied, with one large study putting the figure at 2.3% in China. But that study found that in people age 80 or older, the death rate was much higher: 14.8%. Another study out of China that looked at the same 44.672 cases noted that the case fatality rate was 8% in patients age 70 to 79.

對(duì)這種冠狀病毒總致死率的估計(jì)各不相同，一項(xiàng)大型研究顯示中國(guó)的這一數(shù)字為2.3%。但該研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在80歲以上的人群中，死亡率要高得多:14.8%。另一項(xiàng)來(lái)自中國(guó)的研究對(duì)相同的44.672例病例進(jìn)行了研究，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)，年齡在70至79歲之間的患者的病死率為8%。