先來看看,搞笑諾貝爾獎到底是個啥?
搞笑諾貝爾獎創(chuàng)始于1991年,由科學(xué)幽默雜志《不可思議研究年報(Annals of Improbable Research)》主辦,最早在麻省理工學(xué)院的博物館內(nèi)舉行。從第五次頒獎開始,哈佛大學(xué)桑德斯劇院接過接力棒,至今走過近三十個年頭。
獎項設(shè)立的初衷,是為表彰那些讓人忍俊不禁后又發(fā)人深省的研究。搞笑諾貝爾獎每年頒發(fā)10個獎項,除了對標(biāo)諾貝爾獎的生物、化學(xué)、醫(yī)學(xué)、物理、和平、經(jīng)濟和文學(xué)等獎項之外,還包括其他隨機的細(xì)分獎項。獲獎?wù)咦再M到場,領(lǐng)取由廉價原材料制作的手工獎杯和普通A4紙打印的獲獎證書。
今年的主題是“心臟”(the Heart)。與往屆一樣,今年共頒發(fā)了10個獎項。所有獲獎?wù)叨紝@得10萬億津巴布韋幣的“高額”獎金!
獎杯很廉價,幾周就會爛掉,打印的證書上則會有真正諾獎得主的簽名。
自2012年起加入經(jīng)濟獎勵——面額高達(dá)10000000000000的津巴布韋幣,約合人民幣0.18元。
The Ig Nobels are spoof prizes that are published in the Annals of Improbable Research.
搞笑諾貝爾獎公布在科學(xué)幽默雜志《不可思議研究年報》上。
Many of the topics recognised in the awards actually have a serious point to them.
很多獲獎的獎項其實也有嚴(yán)肅的一面。
所以人們常說,搞笑諾貝爾獎都是“乍看之下令人發(fā)笑,之后發(fā)人深省”的研究。
醫(yī)學(xué)獎:坐過山車可排出腎結(jié)石
如果你在苦苦等待結(jié)石自主排出體外,去坐一趟過山車吧。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn),過山車能加速腎結(jié)石排出體外——坐后排的話效果更好。
Riding on some types of roller-coaster is an effective way of removing kidney stones.
乘坐某些類型的過山車可以有效清除人體內(nèi)的腎結(jié)石。
This is the conclusion of research that has won this year's Ig Nobel Prize for Medicine.
這項研究獲得了今年的搞笑諾貝爾醫(yī)學(xué)獎。
The US researchers who carried out the work recommend that those afflicted with the condition should regularly use the theme park attractions.
開展這項研究的美國研究者建議說,腎結(jié)石患者應(yīng)定期乘坐過山車。
The inspiration behind the roller-coaster research began several years ago when one of Prof David Wartinger's patients at Michigan State University's College of Osteopathic Medicine returned from a holiday trip to Walt Disney World in Florida.
有關(guān)坐過山車排出腎結(jié)石的研究靈感始于數(shù)年前,當(dāng)時大衛(wèi)-沃汀格教授在密歇根州立大學(xué)骨科醫(yī)學(xué)院的一位病人前來就診,當(dāng)時這位病人剛從佛羅里達(dá)迪士尼世界度假歸來。
The patient reported that one of his kidney stones became dislodged after a ride on the Big Thunder Mountain ride.
這位病人說,在乘坐了大雷山過山車后,他的一顆腎結(jié)石排出了體外。
Wondering whether it was caused by the ride or a coincidence, the patient went on the ride several more times and each time a stone popped out.
他很好奇這是坐過山車導(dǎo)致的,還是巧合,就又坐了幾次過山車,每次都能排出一顆腎結(jié)石。
Intrigued by the story, Prof Wartinger built a silicone model of his patient's renal system, including artificial kidney stones, and took it with him on numerous rides.
受此啟發(fā),沃汀格教授為這位病人建立了腎臟硅膠模型,其中放置了幾顆人造腎結(jié)石,之后坐了很多次過山車,每次都帶上這個模型。
He discovered that Big Thunder Mountain was indeed effective - more so than the scarier rides such as Space Mountain or Rock 'n' Roller Coaster which involve prolonged drops.
他發(fā)現(xiàn),乘坐大雷山過山車的確可以排出腎結(jié)石,雖然飛越太空山過山車和搖滾過山車都比大雷山過山車更驚險,而且下躍路程更長,但效果卻不及大雷山過山車。
Prof Wartinger concluded that this was because Big Thunder Mountain involves more up and down and side to side movements that "rattle" the rider.
沃汀格教授得出結(jié)論稱,這是因為大雷山過山車的上升和下躍以及左右翻轉(zhuǎn)次數(shù)更多,讓乘坐者來回“搖晃”。
At the awards ceremony, held at Harvard University, each winner has 60 seconds to deliver an acceptance speech. The time limit is strictly enforced by an eight-year-girl who says "please stop I'm bored" several times until the speaker finishes.
在美國哈佛大學(xué)舉行的頒獎典禮上,每位獲獎?wù)哂幸环昼姇r間發(fā)表獲獎感言。一位8歲的小女孩會嚴(yán)格控制時長,她會重復(fù)說“請停下來吧,我都聽煩了”,直到發(fā)言完畢。
下面一起來看看今年搞笑諾貝爾獎的其他幾個獎項:
醫(yī)學(xué)教育獎:自己給自己做結(jié)腸鏡檢查
Japanese researcher Dr Akira Horiuchi won the Medical Education Prize for devising a "self-colonoscopy" technique using a small endoscope.
日本研究者堀內(nèi)朗因設(shè)計了使用小型內(nèi)窺鏡進行“自我結(jié)腸鏡檢查”而獲得該獎。
"This trial may be funny, but I inserted an endoscope into my colon for a serious purpose," he told BBC News.
他在接受英國廣播公司新聞頻道采訪時說:“這種嘗試或許很有趣,但我把內(nèi)窺鏡插入自己結(jié)腸的目的可是嚴(yán)肅認(rèn)真的。”
"People, especially in Japan, are afraid of colonoscopy and they do not want to undergo colonoscopy. So the number of people who die from colorectal cancer is increasing. I do this research to make colonoscopy easier and more comfortable, so fewer people will die".
“人們都很害怕做結(jié)腸鏡檢查,特別是日本人,大家都不想做這種檢查。所以死于結(jié)直腸癌的人數(shù)在上升。我做這個研究是為了讓結(jié)腸鏡檢查更便捷舒適,這樣死于結(jié)直腸癌的人數(shù)會少些。”
遺憾的是,自己的幾次實驗中,痛感差異很大,他在獲獎感言中也號召更多人來參與這項研究。
這不禁讓人聯(lián)想起2015年的獲獎?wù)哔Z斯廷-施密特,他讓蜜蜂叮咬自己身體的各個部位,來確定哪些部位被叮咬后的疼痛感更劇烈。
文學(xué)獎:消費者不愛讀產(chǎn)品說明書
研究人員研究了一類人人都用過,但人人都嫌棄的文學(xué)作品——產(chǎn)品說明書。他們發(fā)現(xiàn),越是購買復(fù)雜的產(chǎn)品,人們越是不喜歡看說明書,即使把椅子安裝成下面這樣……
This year's Literature Prize was for an investigation into instruction manuals that come with consumer products. The Investigation was called, Life Is Too Short to RTFM: How Users Relate to Documentation and Excess Features.
今年的文學(xué)獎頒給了消費品附帶的產(chǎn)品說明書的調(diào)查研究。該研究題為《人生苦短,沒時間讀說明書(RTFM):用戶如何對待產(chǎn)品說明和附加手冊》。
"RTFM" is an acronym for "read the field manual", though, according to the researchers, it has gained a new meaning by consumers who are often frustrated by the complexity of operation of their product.
RTFM是“閱讀操作手冊”的英文首字母縮寫,但據(jù)研究人員所述,一些消費者常因產(chǎn)品的復(fù)雜操作感到挫敗,這也賦予了RTFM新的含義。
營養(yǎng)學(xué)獎:“人肉”不如其他肉類熱量高
英國一位研究人員因計算出“人肉食物”中攝入的熱量低于從其它傳統(tǒng)肉食攝入的熱量而得獎。該研究是為了分析早期人類的飲食行為,絕不是為了當(dāng)今人們的飲食選擇。
經(jīng)濟學(xué)獎:扎小人詛咒老板能提高工作效率
For economics, the winner was research investigating whether it is effective for employees to use voodoo dolls to retaliate against bullying bosses. This study showed that taking it out on dolls does alleviate negative feelings, but suggested in the long run that it was better to deal with the underlying issue.
員工扎小人報復(fù)恃強凌弱的老板,這種辦法是否有效?今年的搞笑諾貝爾經(jīng)濟學(xué)獎頒給了這項研究。研究顯示,這樣做確實可以緩解員工的負(fù)面情緒,但也建議稱,從長遠(yuǎn)來看,最好還是要解決潛在的問題。
化學(xué)獎:人類唾液能當(dāng)清潔劑
The winner of the Ig Nobel Chemistry Prize went to research that settled the issue of whether human saliva is a good cleaning agent for dirty surfaces. It is - especially for fragile, painted areas on ceramics, and on gold leaf.
研究人員證實,人類唾液可以有效清潔弄臟的物體表面,特別是陶瓷和金箔上脆弱的著色區(qū)。
在論文中,研究團隊還分析出起效的具體成分:α-淀粉酶。如果將來在店里看到人造唾液清潔劑,也不用感到太意外。
不信?來自哈佛藝術(shù)博物館的嘉賓還進行了現(xiàn)場演示:用唾液輕松毀掉了一幅油畫。
生物學(xué)獎:品酒師能聞出蒼蠅的味道
A Swedish team won the biology Ig Nobel for demonstrating that wine experts can reliably identify, by smell, the presence of a fly in a glass of wine - possibly sparking a new genre of jokes involving sommeliers.
瑞典一個研究小組獲得了生物學(xué)獎。他們發(fā)現(xiàn),葡萄酒專家可以通過氣味辨別葡萄酒杯中是否有蒼蠅。仿佛看到一大撥調(diào)侃品酒師的笑話即將來襲……
和平獎:開車時的路怒癥
研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn),多數(shù)司機在罵人時認(rèn)為這種行為無害,但事實上,開車時的怒氣與出車禍的幾率是正相關(guān)的。
The Ig Nobel Peace Prize went to a Spanish group that aimed to find ways of reducing road rage, in a paper titled, Shouting and Cursing While Driving: Frequency, Reasons, Perceived Risk and Punishment. The team's solution is to try to reduce stress on the road - a task as sizable as reducing conflict in the Middle East.
今年的搞笑諾貝爾和平獎頒給了一個西班牙的研究團隊,他們的研究旨在找到方法減少路怒癥,研究論文題為《開車時大聲叫喊和罵人的頻率、原因、認(rèn)知風(fēng)險和懲罰》。團隊的解決辦法是嘗試降低行程中的壓力,這個任務(wù)可太龐大了,無異于在中東減少沖突。
人類學(xué)獎:黑猩猩模仿人類
Tomas Persson, Gabriela-Alina Sauciuc, and Elaine Madsen, for collecting evidence, in a zoo, that chimpanzees imitate humans about as often, and about as well, as humans imitate chimpanzees.
該獎項頒發(fā)給了托馬斯-佩爾森、加布里埃拉-阿麗娜-蘇奇科和伊萊恩-馬德森。他們在動物園里收集的的證據(jù)證實黑猩猩模仿人類的頻率與人類模仿黑猩猩的頻率一樣,且做得一樣出色。
生殖醫(yī)學(xué)獎:用郵票監(jiān)測男性性功能
研究者表示,睡眠中生殖器是否勃起,是分辨精神性陽痿與生理性陽痿的重要指標(biāo)。不過怎樣才能檢測到睡夢中生殖器的形態(tài)?讓其他人一整夜都盯著自己的生殖器看可不是好主意,研究者的辦法是郵票環(huán)——睡覺時將郵票繞成環(huán)套在生殖器上,如果醒來發(fā)現(xiàn)郵票環(huán)被撐破了,那就可以安心了。
John Barry, Bruce Blank, and Michel Boileau, for using postage stamps to test whether the male sexual organ is functioning properly—as described in their study, "Nocturnal Penile Tumescence Monitoring with Stamps."
約翰-巴里、布魯斯-布蘭克和米歇爾-波瓦洛獲獎。他們用郵票測試男性性器官功能是否正常,正如他們的研究報告所描述的:“使用郵票監(jiān)測分析夜間男性陰莖勃起”。
在現(xiàn)場,研究團隊還展示了一系列極具特色的精美郵票……
所以,搞笑諾貝爾獎只是用來搞笑的嗎?
入選“搞笑”版諾貝爾獎的科學(xué)成果必須不同尋常,能激發(fā)人們對科學(xué)、醫(yī)學(xué)和技術(shù)的興趣的研究。
因研究“磁懸浮青蛙”而在2000年喜提搞笑諾獎的安德烈-海姆,在10年后榮獲諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎。
他通過磁懸浮技術(shù)克服重力作用,讓一只青蛙懸浮在半空中,并推論使用類似的方法可以讓人克服重力作用漂浮起來。
甚至連搞笑諾獎曾經(jīng)的掃地大爺——物理學(xué)家羅伊-格勞伯,也在2005年因“光學(xué)相干的量子理論”領(lǐng)取了真正的諾獎獎杯。
頒獎現(xiàn)場搞飛機
扔紙飛機是搞笑諾獎頒獎晚會的保留節(jié)目。最初紙飛機是扔向獲獎?wù)叩?,后來為了安全起見,只有兩個環(huán)節(jié)可以扔紙飛機。并且,所有相關(guān)人員都要戴上護目鏡,簡直太專業(yè)了。
看上圖那位當(dāng)靶子的仁兄,就是獎杯的設(shè)計者,一位很(bu)正經(jīng)的藝術(shù)家。