一場大火吞噬了位于里約熱內盧的巴西國家博物館,這里是巴西歷史最悠久的科研機構。
Most of the 20 million items it contained, including the oldest human remains ever found in the Americas, are believed to have been destroyed.
巴西國家博物館有兩千多萬件藏品,包括美洲發(fā)現(xiàn)的最古老的人類遺骸。據(jù)稱大多數(shù)藏品已被燒毀。
The cause of the blaze is not known. No injuries have been reported.
火災發(fā)生原因尚不清楚,也沒有人員受傷報告。
The museum, located in a building that once served as the residence for the Portuguese royal family, celebrated its 200th anniversary this year.
巴西博物館所在的建筑曾是葡萄牙皇室的宮殿,今年還是博物館建館200周年。
The fire started on Sunday evening, after the facility had closed for the day.
火災發(fā)生在周日晚間,閉館之后。
Aerial images broadcast on Brazilian television showed it spreading throughout the building.
從巴西電視臺播出的航拍照片中可以看出,整座建筑都被火海吞噬。
巴西電視臺當晚播放的畫面顯示,火光燃亮夜空,濃煙升騰,火勢在有著數(shù)百個房間的博物館建筑全面蔓延。
Brazil's President Michel Temer said in a tweet that it was a "sad day for all Brazilians" as "200 years of work, research and knowledge were lost".
巴西總統(tǒng)米歇爾·特梅爾在推特上表示,“對所有巴西人來說,這都是一個悲傷的日子。200年的工作、研究和知識毀于一旦”。
Roberto Robadey, a spokesman for the Rio fire department, is quoted by the Associated Press news agency as saying that the hydrants closest to the museum were not working and that firefighters had to get water from a nearby lake.
據(jù)美聯(lián)社報道,巴西消防部門發(fā)言人羅伯托·羅巴迪稱,距離博物館最近的消防栓壞掉了,消防隊只能到附近湖中去抽水滅火。
By Monday morning the fire was under control and some of the museum's pieces had been rescued, he added.
截至周一早晨,火情已經得到控制,部分藏品被搶救出來。
博物館整個三層建筑基本被燒毀,且截至目前仍存在坍塌風險。同時,國家博物館副館長已表示,博物館僅有10%的館藏得以幸存,包括隕石、礦石和部分陶藝收藏等。
博物館中都有哪些藏品?
巴西國家博物館由葡萄牙國王若昂六世于1818年以“皇家博物館”的名義創(chuàng)立,目前由里約聯(lián)邦大學管理,館內藏品展現(xiàn)了從1500年葡萄牙人發(fā)現(xiàn)巴西一直到巴西成立共和國的歷史。
It was one of the largest museums of natural history and anthropology in the Americas.
這里是美洲最大的自然歷史和人類學博物館之一。
館內展品有動物、昆蟲、土著居民的餐具、恐龍化石、埃及木乃伊、魚類標本、哥倫布時代前的美麗陶器、南美考古器物、隕石、化石等。
巴西國家博物館展館內分為四個主要部分:古埃及、地中海文化、前哥倫比亞考古和巴西考古,目前館藏2000萬件。
Its millions of artefacts included fossils, Brazil's largest meteorite, dinosaur bones and a 12,000-year-old skeleton of a woman known as "Luzia", the oldest ever discovered in the Americas.
博物館的兩千多萬件藏品包括化石、巴西最大的隕石、恐龍骨骼化石,以及1.2萬年前一位名為露西亞的女性骨骼化石,這也是美洲發(fā)現(xiàn)的最古老的人類骨骼化石。
The building was also home to items covering the centuries from the arrival of the Portuguese in the 1500s to the declaration of a republic in 1889.
從16世紀葡萄牙人到達巴西到1889年巴西成立共和國幾百年間的藏品也珍藏在館中。
The ethnology collection had unique pieces from the pre-Columbian era and artifacts from indigenous cultures.
有幾件獨一無二的人種學藏品來自前哥倫布時期,還有一些史前古器物來自當?shù)赝林幕?/p>
Pieces from Greco-Roman times and Egypt were also on display at the museum.
博物館還陳列著古希臘、古羅馬和古埃及時期的藏品。
The museum was established in 1818, with the aim of promoting scientific research by making its collection available to specialists.
這座博物館在1818年建成,目的是讓眾多專家參觀展品,促進科學研究。
各方反應如何?
Marcelo Moreira - a journalist with TV Globo in Rio - told the BBC: "It's very sad... This museum has a great history. It represents a lot for Brazilian history and Brazilian culture. It's really a big loss for Brazil."
巴西環(huán)球電視臺記者馬塞洛-莫雷拉告訴英國廣播公司說:“這太讓人傷心了,博古館歷史悠久,對巴西歷史和文化意義重大,這場火災是巴西巨大的損失。”
巴西人類學家戈麥斯說:“巴西僅有500年歷史,這座博物館見證了其中的200年,而現(xiàn)在我們將永遠地失去它了。”
In an interview with Globo, the museum's director said it was a "cultural tragedy".
博物館負責人在接受巴西環(huán)球電視臺采訪時說,這是一場“文化災難”。
里約市長馬塞洛·克里韋拉呼吁國家重建博物館。“國家有責任在廢墟上重建博物館,根據(jù)畫作和圖片重新構建每一處外部細節(jié)。即使不是原始版本,博物館仍然能夠喚起人們對賦予國家獨立的(巴西)王室、(葡萄牙)王國統(tǒng)治時期、第一部憲法和國家團結的記憶。”
Employees had reportedly previously expressed concern about funding cuts and the dilapidated state of the premises.
據(jù)報道,之前博物館的員工們就表達過對于經費削減和設施破舊衰敗的擔心。
另據(jù)央視報道,由于博物館內多為木質結構,而且易燃物品較多,導致火災期間火勢發(fā)展迅速。
政府制定四步重建措施
巴西文化部長塞爾吉奧·薩·萊唐3日宣布了重建博物館的四步措施。在第一步保護建筑和現(xiàn)場安全方面,巴西教育部已承諾緊急撥款1000萬雷亞爾(約合1640萬元人民幣)。巴西教育部長羅西利·蘇亞雷斯3日說:“這筆款項將立即發(fā)放,用于保證博物館樓體不倒塌以及現(xiàn)場安全。”
Brazilian President Michel Temer says the government is seeking funding from companies and banks to help rebuild the National Museum in Rio de Janeiro after it was destroyed by fire.
巴西總統(tǒng)米歇爾·特梅爾表示,政府正尋求從企業(yè)和銀行籌集資金,重建被火災燒毀的國家博物館。
Education Minister Rossieli Soares said international help was also being sought and talks with the UN's cultural body, Unesco, were under way.
巴西教育部長羅西利·蘇亞雷斯表示,已尋求國際幫助,并開始與聯(lián)合國教科文組織商討相關事宜。