朝鮮稱已銷毀豐溪里核試驗場

SEOUL, South Korea — North Korea said on Thursday that it had destroyed its only known nuclear test site, three weeks before its leader, Kim Jong-un, had been planning to meet with President Trump.

韓國首爾——朝鮮周四表示已銷毀了外界所知的該國唯一的核試驗基地，原定在三周后，朝鮮領導人金正恩將與美國總統(tǒng)特朗普舉行會談。

But only hours after the North Korean announcement, Mr. Trump said he had decided to cancel the meeting “based on the tremendous anger and open hostility” displayed by Mr. Kim’s government in recent statements.

但是，在朝鮮作出這一宣布僅僅幾個小時之后，特朗普說，他已決定將會談取消，“原因是”金正恩政府在最近幾次聲明中表現(xiàn)出“極大的憤怒和公開的敵意”。

North Korea allowed a select group of journalists from Britain, China, Russia, South Korea and the United States to watch its engineers destroy and close tunnels in its mountainous Punggye-ri test site, where the country has conducted all six of its nuclear tests. No independent outside nuclear monitors were invited to verify the dismantlement of the site.

朝鮮批準了來自英國、中國、俄羅斯、韓國和美國的一個經(jīng)過挑選的記者隊，在位于豐溪里山區(qū)的核實驗場觀看了該國工程師銷毀和關閉隧道。朝鮮所有的六次核試驗都是在這個試驗場進行的。國外的獨立核監(jiān)察員未被邀請前來核實試驗場的拆除。

In the ceremony on Thursday, North Korea used explosives to destroy three of its four tunnels at the Punggye-ri test site, according to dispatches by reporters at the scene. The fourth tunnel had already been closed for fear of contamination after the North’s first nuclear test in 2006.

根據(jù)記者發(fā)自現(xiàn)場的報道，在周四的儀式上，朝鮮用炸藥炸毀了豐溪里試驗場四個隧道中的三個。朝鮮在2006年進行了第一次核試驗后，由于擔心污染，已經(jīng)關閉了第四條隧道。

The North Koreans also blew up test-observation facilities, as well as barracks for site personnel and a metal foundry, the reports said. Two dozen international journalists were invited to witness explosives rigged inside the tunnels, and they were then escorted outside to viewing decks 500 yards away, where they filmed the detonations.

報道說，朝鮮還炸毀了觀察核試驗的設施，以及現(xiàn)場人員的營房和一個金屬鑄造廠。20多名國際記者被邀請進入隧道目睹了安裝在那里的爆炸物，然后他們被護送到距隧道450米遠的看臺上，從那里拍攝了引爆過程。

North Korea invited mostly TV journalists to ensure that its action would be broadcast worldwide.

朝鮮邀請的大多是電視記者，以確保爆炸行動能在全世界范圍內(nèi)播出。

Although some analysts feared the moves would be reversible, the reported demolition was the first concrete step North Korea has taken toward what Washington had been hoping would be a complete nuclear dismantlement under Mr. Kim.

盡管一些分析人士擔心這一行動也許是可逆的，但這次報道的拆除是朝鮮朝著華盛頓所希望的、在金正恩領導下徹底銷毀核設施的方向邁出的具體的第一步。

North Korea announced last month that it would end all nuclear and long-range ballistic missile tests, as well as close the Punggye-ri test site. It said it no longer needed to conduct such tests because the country already had nuclear weapons and wanted to focus on rebuilding its economy.

朝鮮上個月宣布，將停止所有的核武器和遠程彈道導彈試驗，關閉豐溪里的核試驗基地。朝鮮表示，不再需要進行這類試驗，因為該國已擁有核武器，并希望將工作重點放在重建經(jīng)濟上。

It is still not known whether the country will give up its nuclear arsenal. It is not even clear whether North Korea destroyed all of the tunnels at the test site on Thursday, or if the explosions would allow the site to be used again. No weapons experts were present to view the blasts and to assess the extent of the destruction.

目前還不清楚朝鮮是否會放棄其核武庫。就連朝鮮是否在周四拆除了試驗場的所有隧道，或爆炸的結(jié)果是否會允許該試驗場被再次使用，目前也不清楚。沒有武器專家在場觀看爆炸，對損壞程度作出評估。

Mr. Kim announced the closing of the test site earlier this month, an announcement that Mr. Trump called “a very smart and gracious gesture!”

本月早些時候，金正恩宣布關閉該試驗場，特朗普稱那個宣布是“一種非常聰明和優(yōu)雅的姿態(tài)!”

When he met the leaders of South Korea and China in recent weeks, Mr. Kim told them that he was willing to discuss relinquishing his country’s nuclear arsenal in return for security guarantees, the lifting of sanctions and other incentives from the United States.

金正恩曾在最近幾周與韓國和中國的領導人會面，金正恩告訴他們，為換取安全保障、解除制裁、得到來自美國的其他激勵，他愿意討論放棄本國核武庫的問題。

But North Korea abruptly changed its tone last week, warning that Mr. Kim would not meet Mr. Trump if Washington insisted on its quick and “unilateral nuclear abandonment” without offering incentives.

但朝鮮在上周突然改變口吻，朝鮮警告說，如果華盛頓在不提供激勵措施的情況下，堅持要求朝鮮迅速且“單方面地放棄核武器”的話，金正恩不會與特朗普見面。

Despite doubts about North Korea’s intentions, analysts noted signs that the North has been preparing for the shutdown in Punggye-ri in recent weeks, taking down some buildings, possibly in an effort to remove secret information before the arrival of outsiders.

盡管外界對朝鮮的打算表示懷疑，但分析人士指出，有跡象表明，最近幾周里，朝鮮一直為關閉豐溪里做準備，拆除了那里的一些建筑，可能是為了在外人到來之前消除秘密信息。

Some analysts have also played down the significance of North Korea’s decision to shut down the site. They said that after six tests, all conducted in deep tunnels, the site had most likely caved in and become too unstable for another test. Others cautioned that the North might be shuttering the site in a way that could allow it to be reopened quickly.

一些分析人士還認為，朝鮮關閉豐溪里試驗場并不那么重要。他們說，經(jīng)過六次全部是在深隧道里進行的核試驗之后，那個試驗場很可能已經(jīng)坍塌，變得極為不穩(wěn)定，不能再進行試驗了。另一些人則警告說，朝鮮可能是以讓其能迅速恢復使用的方式關閉了試驗場的。

In 2008, North Korea invited international journalists to watch it blow up a cooling tower of its nuclear reactor under a deal with Washington. But it restarted the reactor a few years later, after negotiations over its nuclear program stalled.

2008年，按照一項與華盛頓達成的協(xié)議，朝鮮曾邀請國際記者觀看了其一座核反應堆的冷卻塔的炸毀。但幾年后，在有關該國核項目的談判陷入僵局后，朝鮮重啟了那個核反應堆。

But when he met with President Moon Jae-in of South Korea last month, Mr. Kim rebuffed skeptics of the Punggye-ri shutdown, saying that at the time, the site still had two functioning tunnels where nuclear tests could be conducted.

但是，金正恩上個月在與韓國總統(tǒng)文在寅見面時，反駁了對關閉豐溪里持懷疑態(tài)度的人，他當時曾表示，該試驗場仍有兩個仍在正常工作的隧道，可以進行核試驗。

“It’s true that shutting down the Punggye-ri test site does not prevent North Korea from ever testing again,” said David Wright, a senior scientist at the Union of Concerned Scientists. “If negotiations fail or situations change in the future, it could decide to tunnel at a different site and build the required infrastructure needed to test.”

“毫無疑問，關閉豐溪里試驗場并不能阻止朝鮮再次進行核試驗，”憂思科學家聯(lián)盟(Union of Concerned Scientists)的資深科學家戴維·賴特(David Wright)說。“如果談判失敗或未來形勢發(fā)生變化的話，朝鮮可以決定在另一個地點修建隧道、以及進行試驗所需的基礎設施。”

But Mr. Wright called the development on Thursday “a meaningful and pretty dramatic action nonetheless.” It could take the North months or longer to reverse the disabling of the facilities at the site, he said.

但賴特稱周四的進展是“仍不失為一個有意義且相當引人注目的行動”。他說，扭轉(zhuǎn)核試驗設施的癱瘓狀況可能需要朝鮮幾個月或更長的時間。

North Korea said it had invited outside journalists to the dismantling ceremony to ensure transparency. But it waited until just a day before the event to let South Korean journalists into the country.

朝鮮說，邀請外部記者出席拆除儀式是為了確保透明度。但朝鮮一直等到拆除發(fā)生的前一天才允許韓國記者入境。

In a statement carried by its official Korean Central News Agency, the North’s Nuclear Weapons Institute said it held a ceremony on Thursday for “completely dismantling” the test site to demonstrate “transparency” with its earlier decision not to conduct any more nuclear tests.

朝鮮官方通訊社朝中社(Korean Central News Agency)在一份聲明中說，朝鮮核武器研究所周四為“徹底拆除”核試驗基地舉行了儀式，展示了該國早些時候作出的不再進行核試驗決定的“透明度”。

“Dismantling the nuclear test ground was done in such a way as to make all the tunnels of the test ground collapse by explosion and completely close the tunnel entrances, and at the same time, explode some guard facilities and observation posts on the site,” it said.

“核試驗場拆除的方式是通過爆炸讓試驗場所有的隧道坍塌，徹底關閉隧道入口，同時炸毀試驗場的一些警衛(wèi)設施和觀察站，”聲明說。

The institute said there was no leakage of radioactive materials during the explosions. It said that the entire site will be closed after further removal of aboveground structures and personnel, adding that North Korea was committed to building “a nuclear-free peaceful world.”

該研究所說，爆炸過程中沒有放射性物質(zhì)泄漏，并表示，在進一步拆除地面結(jié)構(gòu)、把人員撤出來后，將關閉整個試驗場。該研究所還說，朝鮮致力于建設“一個無核的和平世界”。