全球幸福指數(shù)排行榜出爐 芬蘭高居榜首 美國排名下滑

聯(lián)合國可持續(xù)發(fā)展解決方案網(wǎng)絡發(fā)布全球幸福指數(shù)排行榜，芬蘭超過挪威高居榜首，越來越富有的美國卻排名下滑。此次調查還首次發(fā)布了移民幸福指數(shù)排行榜。

2月15日，在芬蘭首都赫爾辛基，當?shù)厝嗽谖椠?。?2屆“歡樂春節(jié)·赫爾辛基廟會”15日下午在芬蘭首都赫爾辛基舉行，吸引大量民眾參加。新華社發(fā)(馬蒂·馬蒂凱寧攝)

Finland is the world's happiest country, according to an annual survey issued on Wednesday that put Burundi at the bottom of the happiness index and found Americans were getting less happy even as their country became richer.

根據(jù)周三發(fā)布的一項年度調查，芬蘭是世界上最幸福的國家，布隆迪在幸福指數(shù)排名中墊底。盡管美國正變得更加富有，但美國人民卻越來越不快樂。

The UN Sustainable Development Solutions Network's (SDSN) 2018 World Happiness Report ranked 156 countries according to their scores for things such as GDP per capita, social support, healthy life expectancy, social freedom, generosity and absence of corruption.

聯(lián)合國可持續(xù)發(fā)展解決方案網(wǎng)絡(SDSN)發(fā)布的這份2018年全球幸福報告根據(jù)人均國內生產(chǎn)總值、社會支持、健康預期壽命、社會自由、慷慨程度和腐敗程度等指標的得分對156個國家和地區(qū)進行了排名。

Finland, rose from fifth place last year to oust Norway from the top spot. The 2018 top-5, as ever dominated by the Nordics, is: Finland, Norway, Denmark, Iceland, and Switzerland.

芬蘭去年在榜單中排名第五，今年超過挪威高居榜首。排在榜單前五位的國家和地區(qū)有：芬蘭、挪威、丹麥、冰島和瑞士，仍被北歐國家占據(jù)。

The United States came in at 18th, down from 14th place last year. Britain was 19th and the United Arab Emirates 20th.

美國排名第18，比去年的排名(第14)下滑。英國排在第19，阿聯(lián)酋排在第20。

One chapter of the 170-page report is dedicated to emerging health problems such as obesity, depression and the opioid crisis, particularly in the United States where the prevalence of all three has grown faster than in most other countries.

這份170頁的報告中有一章專門講述所出現(xiàn)的健康問題，比如肥胖、抑郁和阿片類藥物危機等等，特別是在美國，上述三種健康問題比其他大多數(shù)國家都更普遍。

While income per capita has increased markedly in the United States over the last half century, the happiness index has been hit by weakened social support networks, a rise in perception of corruption in government and business and declining confidence in public institutions.

盡管在過去50年美國的人均收入大幅增長，但幸福指數(shù)卻因為削弱的社會支持網(wǎng)絡、越來越多的民眾認為政府和商界存在腐敗以及對公共機構信心下降而出現(xiàn)倒退。

"We obviously have a social crisis in the United States: more inequality, less trust, less confidence in government," the head of the SDSN, Professor Jeffrey Sachs of New York's Columbia University, told Reuters.

SDSN負責人、紐約哥倫比亞大學的杰佛瑞-薩克斯教授告訴路透社記者說：“美國當然存在社會危機：不平等更多、信任更少、對政府信心削弱。”

For the first time since it was started in 2012, the report, which uses a variety of polling organisations, official figures and research methods, ranked the happiness of foreign-born immigrants in 117 countries.

這項調查最早在2012年開展，綜合利用多個調查機構、官方數(shù)據(jù)和研究方法進行統(tǒng)計，今年還首次對117個國家和地區(qū)的國外出生移民幸福指數(shù)進行了調查。

Finland took top honours in that category too, giving the country a statistical double-gold status. The foreign-born were least happy in Syria, which has been mired in civil war for seven years.

芬蘭在此項調查中也高居榜首，使之成為調查中的雙料冠軍。敘利亞在此項調查中排名墊底，該國國內戰(zhàn)亂已持續(xù)七年。

"The most striking finding of the report is the remarkable consistency between the happiness of immigrants and the locally born," said Professor John Helliwell of Canada's University of British Columbia.

加拿大英屬哥倫比亞大學的約翰-海利威爾教授說：“報告最令人震驚的發(fā)現(xiàn)是移民和當?shù)爻錾用竦男腋６确浅Ｏ嗨啤?rdquo;

"Although immigrants come from countries with very different levels of happiness, their reported life evaluations converge towards those of other residents in their new countries," he said.

他說：“盡管移民所來自的國家有著不同的幸福度，他們對生活的評價與所移民國家的當?shù)鼐用褛呁?rdquo;

"Those who move to happier countries gain, while those who move to less happy countries lose."

“那些搬去更幸福國家的人們賺到了，而那些搬去了沒那么幸福的國家的人們走了一步差棋。”

最后一起來看看榜單中排在前五位和排名墊底的五個國家：

Top 5 happiest countries

最幸福國家前5位

Finland 芬蘭

Norway 挪威

Denmark 丹麥

Iceland 冰島

Switzerland 瑞士

Top 5 least-happy countries

最不幸福的國家前5位

Burundi 布隆迪

Central African Republic 中非共和國

South Sudan 南蘇丹

Tanzania 坦桑尼亞

Yemen 也門