馬蒂斯應(yīng)獲選“2017美國(guó)年度人物”
我先聲明：我沒有要求為美國(guó)國(guó)防部長(zhǎng)吉姆•馬蒂斯(Jim Mattis)拍照。他也沒有先發(fā)制人地拒絕我。話雖如此，這位五角大樓負(fù)責(zé)人應(yīng)該成為美國(guó)的“年度人物”。
In contrast to Donald Trump, who claims to have turned down Time magazine’s photo request for its upcoming person of the year, Mr Mattis does not seek media gratification. The retired general is a model of sublimating ego to a larger cause. He is the second-most important person in the Trump administration. But for Mr Mattis, we would be sleeping even less soundly at night.
與號(hào)稱拒絕了《時(shí)代》(Time)雜志請(qǐng)求為即將到來的“年度人物”拍照的唐納德•特朗普(Donald Trump)相比，馬蒂斯并不喜歡在媒體上出風(fēng)頭。這位退役將軍是為了天下大事而超越自我的模范。他是特朗普政府中的二號(hào)人物。如果沒有馬蒂斯，我們?cè)谕砩蠒?huì)睡得更不踏實(shí)。
His worth stems from character. At Mr Trump’s first full cabinet meeting in June, principals outbid each other in presidential adulation. Mike Pence, the vice-president, said it was the greatest honour of his life to serve a man who was “keeping his word to the American people”. Reince Priebus, the then chief of staff, thanked Mr Trump for “the blessing that you’ve given us to serve your agenda”.
他的價(jià)值源于性格。在特朗普今年6月召開的首次內(nèi)閣全員會(huì)議上，內(nèi)閣要員們爭(zhēng)先恐后地向總統(tǒng)獻(xiàn)媚。副總統(tǒng)邁克•彭斯(Mike Pence)稱，能夠?yàn)?ldquo;正在兌現(xiàn)對(duì)美國(guó)人民的承諾”的總統(tǒng)服務(wù)是他畢生的最大榮幸。時(shí)任白宮幕僚長(zhǎng)萊因斯•普瑞巴斯(Reince Priebus)感謝特朗普“為我們大家提供了效力于您的日程的祝福”。
Everyone did their best to mimic how a Kim Jong Un cabinet might sound. To be fair, Mr Trump did open the meeting in full Pyongyang mode: “Never has there been a president . . . who’s passed more legislation, who’s done more things than what we’ve done,” Mr Trump said. He still has not passed one significant bill.
每個(gè)人都竭力模仿或許只有金正恩(Kim Jong Un)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)班子才會(huì)發(fā)出的諂媚之聲。實(shí)際上，特朗普在開場(chǎng)白中就為這個(gè)會(huì)議確立了“平壤基調(diào)”：“從未有任何一位總統(tǒng)……比我們通過了更多法案、比我們?nèi)〉昧烁喑删汀?rdquo;其實(shí)他連一項(xiàng)重大法案都沒有推動(dòng)通過。
In that context, Mr Mattis showed guts in stating his actual role: “It is an honour to represent the men and women of the department of defence,” he said. The US military existed so that “our diplomats always negotiate from a position of strength”, he added. He made no mention of Mr Trump.
在這種氛圍之下，馬蒂斯展現(xiàn)出了自己的勇氣，他如實(shí)聲明了自己的職責(zé)：“代表國(guó)防部的全體官兵是一種榮幸。”美國(guó)軍隊(duì)的存在使“我國(guó)的外交官總是能夠站在有利的地位進(jìn)行談判”，他補(bǔ)充道，但只字未提特朗普。
There — in that Potemkin White House display — was the kernel of how the Trump presidency has unfolded. The show is all about one man. The others, barring Mr Mattis, are dispensable. Indeed, Mr Trump often taunts his staff about how easily he can fire them. Bullies never respect sycophants. Not once, however, has Mr Trump taken that risk with Mr Mattis. The chances of triggering his resignation would be too high.
這場(chǎng)“波將金式”(Potemkin)的白宮表演揭示了特朗普總統(tǒng)任期暴露出來的“骨子里”。這場(chǎng)戲只是關(guān)于一個(gè)人。其他人(除了馬蒂斯)都可有可無。的確，特朗普經(jīng)常奚落自己的閣員，吹噓他有權(quán)隨時(shí)把他們炒掉。橫行霸道者從來不會(huì)尊重馬屁精。但特朗普一次都不敢這樣對(duì)馬蒂斯放肆。觸發(fā)他辭職的可能性太高。
But let us suppose he were to leave or to be fired. Indeed, it is plausible at some point. Mr Mattis has contradicted the president on several critical policies. Mr Trump tweeted on North Korea: “Talking is not the answer!” A few hours later Mr Mattis said: “We are never out of diplomatic solutions. We always look for more.”
但是，讓我們假設(shè)他將離職或是被解雇。的確，這種假設(shè)在某個(gè)節(jié)骨眼上看起來可信。馬蒂斯曾在幾項(xiàng)關(guān)鍵政策上頂撞總統(tǒng)的表態(tài)。特朗普曾在朝鮮問題上發(fā)推文稱：“談判不是答案!”幾小時(shí)后馬蒂斯表示：“我們永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)放棄外交解決方案。我們永遠(yuǎn)在尋求更多外交途徑。”
When Mr Trump said the Iran nuclear deal was a disaster, Mr Mattis told Congress he would recommend the president should stick with the deal. When Mr Trump said transgender Americans would no longer be eligible to serve in the US military, Mr Mattis killed the initiative by requesting a review. Most tellingly, he was overheard reassuring a group of US soldiers overseas to stay strong while the storm rages back home. “You just hold the line until our country gets back to understanding and respecting each other and showing it,” Mr Mattis said. “We’ll get the power of inspiration back.”
當(dāng)特朗普說伊朗核協(xié)議是一場(chǎng)災(zāi)難時(shí)，馬蒂斯告訴國(guó)會(huì)，他會(huì)建議總統(tǒng)堅(jiān)守這一協(xié)議。當(dāng)特朗普稱，將禁止跨性別人士在美國(guó)軍隊(duì)服役時(shí)，馬蒂斯通過請(qǐng)求審議，凍結(jié)了這一舉措。最說明問題的是，有人聽到他安慰一群駐外美國(guó)軍人在這場(chǎng)國(guó)內(nèi)風(fēng)暴中保持內(nèi)心堅(jiān)強(qiáng)。“你們只需要堅(jiān)持下去，直至我們的國(guó)家重新學(xué)會(huì)相互理解和相互尊重，并展現(xiàn)出來，”馬蒂斯說，“我們將重獲鼓舞人心的力量。”
Let us hope his forecast is correct. In the meantime, America’s allies are becoming experts in cognitive dissonance. On the one hand they hear the US president downgrade their value while heaping praise on America’s adversaries. On the other hand, America’s defence chief tells allies what they want to hear. The US has not changed, he says. The phrase “America first” has never escaped Mr Mattis’s lips.
但愿他的先見是正確的。與此同時(shí)，美國(guó)的盟友正在成為認(rèn)知失調(diào)的專家。一方面，他們聽到美國(guó)總統(tǒng)貶低他們的價(jià)值，卻給美國(guó)的對(duì)手點(diǎn)贊。另一方面，他們又從美國(guó)國(guó)防部長(zhǎng)那里聽到了自己想聽的話。馬蒂斯表示，美國(guó)沒有改變。“美國(guó)優(yōu)先”這個(gè)詞從未在馬蒂斯口中蹦出。
People around the defence secretary are not shy of stating his role. Abroad that means strategic reassurance. At home it means minding Mr Trump.
馬蒂斯周圍的人并不諱言他扮演的角色。在國(guó)外，他的角色意味著讓盟友們?cè)趹?zhàn)略上放心。在國(guó)內(nèi)，他的角色意味著“照看”特朗普。
When I asked a senior Pentagon official to list the department’s three strategic priorities, I expected North Korea would top the list. The response was: “Educating the president, educating the president and educating the president.” America’s allies know Mr Mattis does this — as do people in Washington.
當(dāng)我請(qǐng)一名五角大樓高級(jí)官員列出美國(guó)國(guó)防部的三項(xiàng)戰(zhàn)略優(yōu)先時(shí)，我心想朝鮮肯定會(huì)居于首位。但我得到的答復(fù)是：“教育總統(tǒng)、教育總統(tǒng)、教育總統(tǒng)”。美國(guó)的盟友們知道馬蒂斯在教育總統(tǒng)，華盛頓的政界人士也知道。
But what if he were to leave? Imagine if Rudy Giuliani, the former mayor of New York City, or Chris Christie, the outgoing New Jersey governor, were to replace Mr Mattis. Each would jump at the job.
但如果他要離開了怎么辦?設(shè)想一下，如果由紐約前市長(zhǎng)魯?shù)?bull;朱利安尼(Rudy Giuliani)或是即將離任的新澤西州州長(zhǎng)克里斯•克里斯蒂(Chris Christie)接替馬蒂斯。兩人都會(huì)迫不及待地接受這份工作。
One of the reasons we still sleep at night is because Mr Trump would need to go through Mr Mattis to use nuclear weapons. Mr Mattis advises soldiers to “engage your brain before you engage your weapon”.
當(dāng)下我們晚上仍然能夠入睡的原因之一是，特朗普需要通過馬蒂斯才能動(dòng)用核武器。而馬蒂斯建議官兵們“在動(dòng)用武器之前先動(dòng)動(dòng)大腦”。
At a time when the US foreign service is being dismantled, Mr Mattis argues that the more the US spends on diplomats the less it would need to spend on ammunition. These are wise precepts. His nickname may be “Mad Dog”. In reality Mr Mattis is a rational human. In these times — and for that alone — he deserves a medal.
在美國(guó)外交部門遭撤并之際，馬蒂斯主張，美國(guó)在外交官身上的花得越多，在彈藥上需要的開支就越少。這些都是至理名言。他的綽號(hào)或許叫“瘋狗”。在現(xiàn)實(shí)中，馬蒂斯是一個(gè)理性的人。在當(dāng)今世代，僅憑這一點(diǎn)就應(yīng)該授予他一枚獎(jiǎng)?wù)隆?/p>
[email protected] 譯者/何黎
