三星開(kāi)發(fā)出石墨烯電池

Samsung Electronics has developed core battery technology using graphene to make lithium-ion batteries last longer and charge more quickly, a potential industry milestone if mass produced.

三星電子(Samsung Electronics)開(kāi)發(fā)出核心電池技術(shù)，利用石墨烯延長(zhǎng)鋰離子電池續(xù)航時(shí)間，并加快充電速度。如果這種技術(shù)能投入量產(chǎn)，那將標(biāo)志著一個(gè)行業(yè)里程碑。

The South Korean conglomerate said on Monday that its research arm — Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT) — has successfully synthesised “graphene balls” that can boost its battery capacity by 45 per cent and increase charging speed by five times the existing standards.

這家韓國(guó)綜合企業(yè)集團(tuán)周一表示，其研究機(jī)構(gòu)三星先進(jìn)技術(shù)研究院(SAIT)成功合成了“石墨烯球”，可將電池容量提高45%，而充電速度提高至現(xiàn)有標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的五倍。

Graphene has been touted in the global electronics industry as a “miracle material” given its strength, electrical conductivity and elasticity, and has been seen as an alternative to lithium-ion batteries since its discovery in 2004. It is a form of carbon that can be used to develop smaller, slimmer batteries but with higher capacity.

石墨烯的強(qiáng)度、導(dǎo)電性和彈性，使其在全球電子行業(yè)被譽(yù)為“奇跡材料”，而且自2004年被發(fā)現(xiàn)以來(lái)一直被視為鋰離子電池的替代品。它是一種碳的形態(tài)，可被用來(lái)開(kāi)發(fā)更小更薄、但容量更大的電池。

Samsung said the graphene-based battery would take just 12 minutes to be fully charged; current lithium-ion batteries take about an hour. The new battery could also be used for electric vehicles, as it can maintain stability at up to 60 degrees Celsius.

三星表示，這種石墨烯電池只需要12分鐘即可充滿電;而現(xiàn)有的鋰離子電池充電需要一個(gè)小時(shí)左右。新型電池也可用于電動(dòng)汽車，它能夠在最高60攝氏度以下的溫度范圍內(nèi)保持穩(wěn)定。

The company has stepped up its research into battery technology in the wake of last year’s Galaxy Note 7 smartphone safety debacle. The recall and subsequent withdrawal of the fire-prone model cost the company more than $5bn, and some of the phones caught fire due to faulty lithium-ion batteries, according to Samsung.

在去年遭遇Galaxy Note 7智能手機(jī)(見(jiàn)文首照片)自燃的安全災(zāi)難后，三星加強(qiáng)了對(duì)電池技術(shù)的研究。據(jù)三星透露，召回以及隨后撤銷這款容易起火的手機(jī)使該公司損失50多億美元，而其中一些手機(jī)正是由于鋰離子電池有問(wèn)題而起火的。

SAIT has developed a way to use silica to synthesise graphene like three-dimensional popcorn, and use the graphene “balls” as material for advanced lithium-ion batteries, the company said. Samsung has applied for patents for the technology in South Korea and the US.

該公司宣布，三星先進(jìn)技術(shù)研究院開(kāi)發(fā)出一種方法，用硅石來(lái)合成像三維爆玉米花一樣的石墨烯，然后將這些石墨烯“球”用作先進(jìn)鋰離子電池的材料。三星已經(jīng)在韓國(guó)和美國(guó)申請(qǐng)了這項(xiàng)技術(shù)的專利。

According to experts, graphene is more energy efficient so it allows room for other cathode materials. As a result, smartphones with graphene-based batteries can be slimmer and lighter but with a greater capacity.

據(jù)專家介紹，石墨烯具有更高能效，因此可為其他陰極材料提供空間。其結(jié)果是，采用石墨烯電池的智能手機(jī)可以做得更輕薄、但電池容量更大。

Graphene, which in its basic form is a single sheet of carbon atoms arranged in a lattice, can be used in flexible displays, wearables and other next-generation electronic devices. But while lithium-ion battery technology — first commercialised in 1991 — is seen to be reaching its limitations, experts caution it will be years before graphene-based battery technology is ready for commercialisation.

石墨烯的基本形態(tài)是呈晶格的單層碳原子片，這種材料可用于柔性顯示器、可穿戴設(shè)備和其他下一代電子設(shè)備。但是，盡管在1991年首次商業(yè)化的鋰離子電池技術(shù)被視為正在觸及物理極限，但專家們告誡稱，石墨烯電池技術(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)商業(yè)化仍是多年以后的事情。

“It is a great technology with various potential applications but it will take a long time for graphene-based batteries to be mass produced,” said Kim Young-woo at SK Securities. “The key is who can commercialise the technology first. It won’t be easy to apply the minute processing technology for large-scale production of high-quality, electronics-grade graphene.”

“這是一項(xiàng)潛在用途廣泛的了不起的技術(shù)，但石墨烯電池需要很久才能投入量產(chǎn)，”SK證券(SK Securities)的金永佑(Kim Young-woo)表示。“關(guān)鍵是誰(shuí)能搶先把這種技術(shù)商業(yè)化。應(yīng)用精細(xì)加工技術(shù)大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)高質(zhì)量的電子級(jí)石墨烯并不容易。”

Khasha Ghaffarzadeh, director at research company IDTechEx, said that Samsung had produced some interesting results but cautioned that the world is a long way from commercially developing such batteries.

研究公司IDTechEx的董事Khasha Ghaffarzadeh表示，三星取得了一些有意思的成果，但他告誡稱，世界距離商業(yè)開(kāi)發(fā)這樣的電池還有很長(zhǎng)的路要走。

“The technology readiness level is still at the proof-of-concept to demonstrator stage. We often read about remarkable graphene-based results at these stages but only a few translate into commercial success stories,” he said.

“這種電池的技術(shù)就緒水平仍處于概念驗(yàn)證到示范階段。我們?cè)谶@些階段經(jīng)常讀到基于石墨烯的卓越成果，但是其中只有少數(shù)能夠轉(zhuǎn)換為商業(yè)成功案例，”他說(shuō)。

SAIT has been leading Samsung’s core technology development and opened a lab for artificial intelligence research in Canada earlier this year. It also developed Samsung’s new TV technology using cadmium-free quantum dot materials.

三星先進(jìn)技術(shù)研究院一直領(lǐng)導(dǎo)著三星的核心技術(shù)開(kāi)發(fā)，今年早些時(shí)候還在加拿大開(kāi)設(shè)了一個(gè)人工智能研究實(shí)驗(yàn)室。該院還開(kāi)發(fā)了采用無(wú)鎘量子點(diǎn)材料的三星新電視技術(shù)。

Additional reporting by Nic Fildes in London

尼克•法爾茲(Nic Fildes)倫敦補(bǔ)充報(bào)道