指紋識(shí)別技術(shù)存在致命缺陷 老年人、癌癥患者可能無法被識(shí)別
Millions of older people, manual laborers and cancer sufferers could be unable to use their fingerprints to log in to online bank accounts, Money Mail can reveal.
據(jù)《每日郵報(bào)》財(cái)經(jīng)頻道報(bào)道，眾多老年人、體力勞動(dòng)者和癌癥患者可能無法用他們的指紋登錄網(wǎng)上銀行賬戶。
Banks are investing millions of pounds in fingerprint technology to replace passwords and PINs.
銀行投入大量資金，用指紋技術(shù)取代密碼和個(gè)人識(shí)別碼。
Most already allow customers to log in to their mobile banking app by holding a finger against a sensor on their smart phone.
如今，大多數(shù)用戶只要將手指按在智能手機(jī)的傳感器上，就可以登錄他們的手機(jī)銀行應(yīng)用軟件。
Others are trialing new credit card and cash machines where, instead of entering a PIN, people use their fingerprint to pay or withdraw money.
還有一些機(jī)構(gòu)正在試用采用指紋技術(shù)的新型信用卡和自動(dòng)柜員機(jī)。用戶無需輸入密碼就可以進(jìn)行支付或者取款。
But banks may have to rethink these plans after warnings the technology could be fatally flawed.
但銀行可能不得不重新考慮這些計(jì)劃，因?yàn)橛腥司?，指紋技術(shù)可能存在致命缺陷。
Delegates representing major banks at a London cyber security conference were told many older people's fingerprints are too faded for the machines to recognize.
各大銀行代表在參加倫敦網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全會(huì)議時(shí)被告知，許多老年人的指紋消褪嚴(yán)重，以至于機(jī)器無法識(shí)別。
John Daugman, professor of computer vision and pattern recognition at the University of Cambridge, says: 'Skin dries with age, especially for older women.
劍橋大學(xué)計(jì)算機(jī)視覺和模式識(shí)別專業(yè)教授約翰•道格曼稱：“隨著年齡的增長，皮膚會(huì)越來越干燥，特別是對老年女性而言。”
'This shrinks the ridge pattern (already quite fine for women, with a spacing of around 0.3 mm), and wrinkles also develop which disrupt the fingerprint pattern.
“手指的指紋脊線會(huì)因此變淺(女性的紋線本身就相當(dāng)淺，約為0.3毫米)，而不斷生出的皺紋也會(huì)破壞指紋紋理。”
'Fingerprints can 'rub off' for bricklayers, stonemasons and other manual laborers — their skin becomes almost shiny.
“瓦匠、石匠以及其他體力勞動(dòng)者可能將指紋‘擦掉’，他們的皮膚幾乎磨得發(fā)亮。”
'Gardeners often acquire a lot of scratches on their fingers, and people who work with chemicals, such as cleaners, also suffer erosion of fingerprints.'
“園丁的手指上經(jīng)常會(huì)留下許多劃痕，而保潔工人等在工作中接觸清潔劑等化學(xué)制品的人群，指紋會(huì)被化學(xué)制品侵蝕。”
Medical professionals have also discovered that some treatments, such as chemotherapy, can cause fingerprints to disappear - sometimes permanently.
醫(yī)學(xué)專家還發(fā)現(xiàn)，化療等一些醫(yī)療方法有時(shí)甚至能讓指紋永久消失。
Jean Slocombe, a senior nurse at Cancer Research UK, says: 'Some chemotherapy drugs can cause hand-foot syndrome, where the skin begins to peel on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet.
英國癌癥研究所護(hù)士長珍•索坎比稱：“一些化療藥物可能引發(fā)手足綜合征，導(dǎo)致手掌和腳掌的皮膚脫落。”
'In severe cases, the fingers can peel, and it's possible this could change a patient's fingerprints.
“情況嚴(yán)重時(shí)，手指也會(huì)脫皮，病人的指紋可能因此改變。”
'This should improve once treatment ceases, but severe scarring can alter fingerprints long-term.'
“一旦治療停止，脫皮問題會(huì)有所改善，但嚴(yán)重的疤痕可能會(huì)長期改變指紋。”
Fingerprints are considered more secure than passwords, because they are difficult to replicate and can't be written down, told to anyone or guessed. They can't be forged like a signature, either.
人們認(rèn)為指紋比密碼更安全，因?yàn)橹讣y難以復(fù)制，無法寫下來、不能透露給別人，也無從猜測。和簽名不同，指紋不能偽造。
At present, all banks give customers the option of entering a password or PIN to access their money online.
目前，所有銀行的用戶都可以輸入密碼或個(gè)人識(shí)別碼登錄網(wǎng)上銀行。
But technology experts have predicted that firms could do away with passwords altogether to reduce the risk of fraud.
但技術(shù)專家預(yù)測，企業(yè)可能完全廢除密碼，以降低欺詐風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
If they replace them with fingerprint technology, millions of bank customers could end up locked out of their accounts.
如果他們用指紋識(shí)別技術(shù)取代密碼，那么許多銀行客戶可能再也無法解鎖他們的賬戶。
Banks have trialed other security measures, such as facial recognition and iris or retina scanning - but fingerprint technology is often favored, as it is fast and people are more familiar with it.
銀行也對其他安全措施進(jìn)行了測試，例如，面部識(shí)別技術(shù)、虹膜或視網(wǎng)膜識(shí)別技術(shù)，但指紋識(shí)別技術(shù)通常是最受青睞的，因?yàn)槠浜臅r(shí)短，且大眾更為熟悉。
Nick Dryden, chief executive of technology company Sthaler, says: 'Businesses like fingerprint technology because it's fast - with iris or retinal scanning, people have to remove their glasses and line up properly, so it can take too long.
科技公司Sthaler的首席執(zhí)行官尼克•屈萊頓表示：“企業(yè)對指紋識(shí)別青睞有加是因?yàn)檫@種識(shí)別方式的速度很快，虹膜或視網(wǎng)膜識(shí)別技術(shù)需要人們摘掉眼鏡，對準(zhǔn)掃描儀，這樣花費(fèi)的時(shí)間太長了。”
But it's not reliable enough to be rolled out as a primary way of paying for things or logging in to accounts, because there are loads of ways you can lose or damage your prints.
但是指紋識(shí)別技術(shù)的可靠性還不足以使其成為一種首要的支付或賬號(hào)登錄方式。因?yàn)楹芏嘁蛩囟寄茏屇闶セ蚱茐淖约旱闹讣y。
'There must always be a back-up so that if it doesn't work, there is another way of paying, such as with a PIN or password.'
“必須要留一個(gè)備用方式，如果無法進(jìn)行指紋識(shí)別，那么還可以用另外一種方式付款，比如個(gè)人識(shí)別碼或密碼。”
Dryden adds that using the veins in someone's fingers to identify them is more secure and means people with faded prints will not be left behind as technology advances.
屈萊頓表示，使用指靜脈識(shí)別技術(shù)更加安全，而且不會(huì)因?yàn)榧夹g(shù)發(fā)展將指紋消褪的人拒之門外。
這一技術(shù)的原理是利用紅外線掃描顧客手指的靜脈，然后將這種獨(dú)一無二的生物特征與顧客的銀行卡相關(guān)聯(lián)。目前英國連鎖超市Costcutter已經(jīng)率先采用了該支付技術(shù)。
Vocabulary
chemotherapy: 化療
iris: 虹膜
retina: 視網(wǎng)膜
vein: 靜脈
