全球最頂級(jí)面試!4男4女競(jìng)聘聯(lián)合國(guó)秘書(shū)長(zhǎng)

The United Nations took a historic step Tuesday toopen up the usually secret process of selecting thenext secretary-general, giving all countries thechance to question candidates on such issues as howthey would resist pressure from powerful nations,tackle sex abuse by UN peacekeepers, and improveefforts to achieve peace.

本周二(4月12日)，聯(lián)合國(guó)公開(kāi)下任秘書(shū)長(zhǎng)選舉過(guò)程，邁出歷史性的一步。在此之前，這一事項(xiàng)一直都是秘密進(jìn)行，從未對(duì)外公布。公開(kāi)選舉中，各國(guó)降有機(jī)會(huì)就以下事宜對(duì)候選人進(jìn)行提問(wèn)。如：他們將如何抵抗各大強(qiáng)國(guó)壓力?怎樣處理聯(lián)合國(guó)維和人員實(shí)施性虐待問(wèn)題?又將如何加強(qiáng)維護(hù)世界和平?

Montenegro's Foreign Minister Igor Luksic was the first of eight candidates to face members ofthe UN General Assembly, citing his small Balkan nation's multiethnic and multiculturaldiversity as well as his experience as a former prime minister and defense minister in seekingthe UN's top diplomatic post. UNESCO Director-General Irina Bokova and former UN refugeechief Antonio Guterres followed.

八位候選人中，黑山共和國(guó)外交部部長(zhǎng)艾格·盧克西奇，率先向聯(lián)合國(guó)委員會(huì)列舉了本國(guó)種族多元化，文化多樣性的特色。為競(jìng)選聯(lián)合國(guó)最高外交職位，他還說(shuō)明自己曾擔(dān)任黑山共和國(guó)前國(guó)家總理及國(guó)防部長(zhǎng)。隨后，聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織總干事伊琳娜·博科娃及聯(lián)合國(guó)前任難民署首席安東尼奧·古特雷斯也都各自作了介紹。

General Assembly President Mogens Lykketoft called it "a historic moment ... withoutprecedent at the United Nations."

聯(lián)合國(guó)委員會(huì)主席莫根斯·呂克托夫特說(shuō)：“這是歷史性的一刻……在聯(lián)合國(guó)史無(wú)前例。”

"As the United Nations grapples with multiple crises and the organization deals with somefundamental questions regarding its own role and performance, finding the best possiblecandidates to succeed Ban Ki-moon is absolutely crucial," Lykketoft said. "For the first timesince this organization started 70 years ago, the process for selecting and appointing the nextsecretary-general is being generally guided by the principles of transparency and inclusivity."

呂克托夫特說(shuō)：“聯(lián)合國(guó)現(xiàn)在要應(yīng)對(duì)多重危機(jī)，而且還要處理好這個(gè)組織本身的根本性問(wèn)題，即，扮演什么角色?要履行什么責(zé)任?因此，尋找一位最佳候選人接任潘基文(聯(lián)合國(guó)第八任秘書(shū)長(zhǎng))的職務(wù)絕對(duì)是至關(guān)重要的。”呂克托夫特說(shuō)，“這是聯(lián)合國(guó)成立70年來(lái)，首次在透明和包容的原則下，遴選下任聯(lián)合國(guó)秘書(shū)長(zhǎng)。”

Under the UN Charter, the secretary-general is chosen by the 193-member General Assemblyon the recommendation of the 15-member Security Council.

按照《聯(lián)合國(guó)憲章》規(guī)定，秘書(shū)長(zhǎng)先由安理會(huì)(由15名成員組成)推薦，再由委員會(huì)(由193名成員組成)選舉產(chǎn)生。

In practice, this has meant that the council's five permanent members—the US, Russia, China,Britain and France—have veto power over the candidates. That will not change in decidingwhom to recommend to succeed Ban, whose second five-year term ends on Dec. 31.

實(shí)際上，美國(guó)、俄羅斯、中國(guó)、英國(guó)和法國(guó)這五個(gè)安理會(huì)常任理事國(guó)對(duì)候選人具有否決權(quán)。但這并不影響安理會(huì)推薦的接任潘基文職位人員名單。至2016年12月31日，潘基文為期五年的秘書(shū)長(zhǎng)第二任期職業(yè)生涯就結(jié)束了。

But Lykketoft told the assembly Tuesday that he views the question-and-answer sessions, whichwill continue through Thursday, "as a potential game-changer for the United Nations."

然而，呂克托夫特于告訴委員會(huì)說(shuō)，他認(rèn)為，這種一問(wèn)一答的面試形式將會(huì)顛覆選舉規(guī)則，成為聯(lián)合國(guó)的轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)。面試將持續(xù)到周四。

"If there is a critical mass of countries supporting one single candidate, I don't think theSecurity Council will be coming up with quite a different name," he said. But "if there are many,many candidates and no clear favorite, it could very well be that the absolute final word will befrom the Security Council."

“如果很多國(guó)家都支持某一位候選人，我相信聯(lián)合國(guó)不會(huì)有什么異議。”呂克托夫特說(shuō)，“但若沒(méi)有最佳人選，將由安理會(huì)做最后定奪。”

By tradition, the job of secretary-general has rotated among regions and Asia, Africa, Latin America and Europe have all held the top UN post. East European nations, including Russia,argue that they have never had a secretary-general and it is their turn. There has also neverbeen a woman secretary-general and a group of 56 nations are campaigning for the first femaleUN chief.

按照慣例，秘書(shū)長(zhǎng)職務(wù)由各地區(qū)人員輪流擔(dān)任。亞洲，非洲，拉丁美洲及歐洲均已有人擔(dān)任過(guò)這一聯(lián)合國(guó)最高職位。包括俄羅斯在內(nèi)的東歐國(guó)家紛紛抗議，表示該地區(qū)從未有人擔(dān)任過(guò)該職務(wù)，現(xiàn)在該輪到他們了。因?yàn)閺奈从信該?dān)任秘書(shū)長(zhǎng)，還有56個(gè)國(guó)家在倡議要選出首位聯(lián)合國(guó)女秘書(shū)長(zhǎng)。

There are currently four women and four men who have thrown their hats in the ring—six fromEastern Europe, one from Western Europe and one from the Asia-Pacific region.

目前，該職位共有男女各四名候選者——六名來(lái)自東歐，一名來(lái)自西歐，還有一名來(lái)自亞太地區(qū)。