2021歷年考研英語經(jīng)典長難句復習（十五）

　　

　　Grade inflation—the gradual increase in average GPAs(grade-point averages) over the past few decades—is often considered a product of a consumer era in higher education, in which students are treated like customers to be pleased. (2019 text 2)

　　l斷句：

　　(1)利用標點斷句：雙破折號之間內容單獨成句;

　　(2)利用標點+從屬連詞斷句：在in which 前面斷開，前后長度均在5-15詞之間，且結構完整。

　　語法分析：

　　主干成分—Grade inflation is often considered a product.

　　修飾成分——①雙破折號之間內容為grade inflation的同位語，對Grade inflation進行解釋說明;②介詞短語of a consumer era作后置定語，修飾名詞product;③介詞短語in higher education作定語，修飾名詞短語 a consumer era;④最后一部分為in which引導的定語從句。

　　難點分析：

　　①同位語the gradual increase in average GPAs(grade-point averages) over the past few decades，其中in average GPAs(grade-point averages) 為介詞短語作后置定語，修飾gradual increase; over the past few decades定語，修飾average GPAs。②定語從句 in which students are treated like customers to be pleased，屬于分隔結構，修飾a consumer era。其中，從句中的主干是students are treated，為主謂結構;like customers to be pleased為狀語。

　　重點詞匯：

　　Grade inflation 分數(shù)膨脹;consumer era 消費時代;product 產物

　　翻譯：分數(shù)膨脹，即過去幾十年來平均學分績點的逐漸上升，經(jīng)常被視為高等教育中消費時代的產物，在這個時代中，學生們被當成需要被取悅的消費者。