Grade inflation—the gradual increase in average GPAs(grade-point averages) over the past few decades—is often considered a product of a consumer era in higher education, in which students are treated like customers to be pleased. (2019 text 2)
斷句:
(1)利用標(biāo)點(diǎn)斷句:雙破折號(hào)之間內(nèi)容單獨(dú)成句;
(2)利用標(biāo)點(diǎn)+從屬連詞斷句:在in which 前面斷開(kāi),前后長(zhǎng)度均在5-15詞之間,且結(jié)構(gòu)完整。
語(yǔ)法分析:
主干成分—Grade inflation is often considered a product.
修飾成分——①雙破折號(hào)之間內(nèi)容為grade inflation的同位語(yǔ),對(duì)Grade inflation進(jìn)行解釋說(shuō)明;②介詞短語(yǔ)of a consumer era作后置定語(yǔ),修飾名詞product;③介詞短語(yǔ)in higher education作定語(yǔ),修飾名詞短語(yǔ) a consumer era;④最后一部分為in which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。
難點(diǎn)分析:
①同位語(yǔ)the gradual increase in average GPAs(grade-point averages) over the past few decades,其中in average GPAs(grade-point averages) 為介詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ),修飾gradual increase; over the past few decades定語(yǔ),修飾average GPAs。②定語(yǔ)從句 in which students are treated like customers to be pleased,屬于分隔結(jié)構(gòu),修飾a consumer era。其中,從句中的主干是students are treated,為主謂結(jié)構(gòu);like customers to be pleased為狀語(yǔ)。
重點(diǎn)詞匯:
Grade inflation 分?jǐn)?shù)膨脹;consumer era 消費(fèi)時(shí)代;product 產(chǎn)物
翻譯:
分?jǐn)?shù)膨脹,即過(guò)去幾十年來(lái)平均學(xué)分績(jī)點(diǎn)的逐漸上升,經(jīng)常被視為高等教育中消費(fèi)時(shí)代的產(chǎn)物,在這個(gè)時(shí)代中,學(xué)生們被當(dāng)成需要被取悅的消費(fèi)者。