英媒評(píng)出世界最具影響力的10本書

Throughout history, books have disseminated the ideas and discoveries of the world’s most influential thinkers.

縱觀歷史，書籍一直都發(fā)揮著為世界上最有影響力的思想家們傳播偉大觀點(diǎn)和重大發(fā)現(xiàn)的作用。

Now a new survey has shown that half of the top 10 ‘most valuable’ books – as voted by the British public – were written by eminent scientists.

最近一項(xiàng)調(diào)查顯示，在由英國(guó)民眾投票選出的世界上最有價(jià)值的10本書中，有一半出自世界著名的科學(xué)家之手。

The poll by The Folio Society set out to select the most valuable works to the human race and authors of those picked include Charles Darwin, Albert Einstein and Stephen Hawking, as well as George Orwell and Harper Lee.

這項(xiàng)調(diào)查由弗里歐書社發(fā)起的，目的是選出世界上對(duì)人類價(jià)值最大的書籍。進(jìn)入前10名的書籍作者包括查爾斯·達(dá)爾文、阿爾伯特·愛因斯坦、斯蒂芬·霍金，以及喬治·奧威爾和哈珀·李。

Two of the top three titles were written by scientists. Darwin’s The Origin of Species gained 35 per cent, while Stephen Hawking’s A Brief History of Time gained 17 per cent.

前3位中的2名都是科學(xué)家的著作。達(dá)爾文的《物種起源》獲得35%的投票排在第2位，霍金的《時(shí)間簡(jiǎn)史》獲得17%的投票排在第3位。

But the Bible was voted the most valuable text overall with 37 per cent of the votes.

而排在第1名的是獲得37%的投票的《圣經(jīng)》。

Interestingly, 37 per cent of people living in the south of the UK voted for Charles Darwin’s seminal scientific tome, but 41 per cent of northerners opted for the Bible.

有趣的是，在英國(guó)南部有37%的人投票給了達(dá)爾文的具有開創(chuàng)性的巨著《物種起源》，而英國(guó)北部則有41%的人選擇了《圣經(jīng)》。

The study, conducted by YouGov for the publisher, asked over 2,000 members of the British public which three books from a list of 30 they considered to be the most valuable.

調(diào)查由民治調(diào)查公司組織，包括了2000多名的英國(guó)民眾，涉及到30本被認(rèn)為最有價(jià)值的書籍。

The measure for selection was not by popularity or by the enjoyment experienced in reading the book.

調(diào)查要求民眾選擇書籍的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)并不是根據(jù)流行程度或是閱讀時(shí)體驗(yàn)到的愉快程度。

Participants were asked to rate the influence and significance their selected books have had on the modern world.

而是要求民主根據(jù)書籍對(duì)現(xiàn)代社會(huì)的影響力和意義來(lái)投票。

Other scientific works included: Relativity by Einstein with 15 per cent of the vote and Principia Mathematica - a three-volume work on the foundations of mathematics by Alfred North Whitehead and Bertrand Russell – with 12 per cent of votes.

排名中的其他科學(xué)著作還包括：愛因斯坦的《相對(duì)論》，獲得了15%的投票;以阿爾弗雷德·諾爾司·懷特海和伯特蘭·羅素提出的數(shù)學(xué)理論為基礎(chǔ)所著的三卷本著作《自然哲學(xué)的數(shù)學(xué)原理》，獲得了12%的投票。

The Double Helix, which is an autobiographical account of the discovery of the structure of DNA written by James D. Watson, also made the cut in tenth place.

另外詹姆斯·杜威·沃森的講述發(fā)現(xiàn)DNA結(jié)構(gòu)過(guò)程的自傳著作《雙螺旋》也入選，排在第10名。

Classic works of fiction also made up the top 10, including George Orwell’s dystopian novel Nineteen Eighty-Four, which came in fifth place and Harper Lee’s classic To Kill A Mockingbird at number seven.

這十本書中還包括了一些經(jīng)典的小說(shuō)，喬治·奧威爾的反烏托邦小說(shuō)《一九八四》排在第5位，哈波·李的《殺死一只知更鳥》排在第7位。

Tom Walker, Editorial Director at The Folio Society, said: ‘The results of the survey highlighted some interesting dynamics, with A Brief History of Time on the list -surely one of the most under-read bestsellers ever written, - relatively little on economics despite the financial climate and only two overtly political, fiction titles in the list.

弗里歐書社的編輯部主任湯姆·沃克說(shuō)：“這次的調(diào)查結(jié)果反映出一些非常有趣的問題，比如《時(shí)間簡(jiǎn)史》是一本很少人閱讀的暢銷書，而盡管當(dāng)前經(jīng)濟(jì)局勢(shì)不佳但入選的經(jīng)濟(jì)類書籍卻相對(duì)較少，另外政治色彩鮮明的小說(shuō)入選的也僅占兩名。”

‘The first question I had was whether the similar figures for Darwin and the Bible does show a continuing polarisation between the realms of science and religion, or whether in fact it reveals a more balanced approach to ideas for the modern reader.

“讓我疑惑的問題是，《物種起源》和《圣經(jīng)》非常接近的投票比例是否表明科學(xué)和宗教領(lǐng)域中仍然存在兩級(jí)分化現(xiàn)象，又或者這實(shí)際上反映的是現(xiàn)代讀者對(duì)觀點(diǎn)的選擇方式更加均衡?”

‘How different might the survey have looked a hundred, or even thirty years ago? How might it look in another thirty years – will Darwin have taken over; will the worrying rise of Nineteen Eighty-Four’s relevance continue; might the Qur’an continue to rise in significance in the UK; or might advances in DNA technology mean that The Double Helix grows in stature?

“如果這項(xiàng)調(diào)查在一百年或者是三十年之前來(lái)做會(huì)是什么結(jié)果?或是放在三十年之后又會(huì)是什么樣子呢?達(dá)爾文的書是否還會(huì)繼續(xù)排在前10名里，《一九八四》的排名是否還會(huì)這么靠前，《古蘭經(jīng)》對(duì)英國(guó)的意義是否還會(huì)有如此之大，《雙螺旋》的知名度會(huì)不會(huì)因?yàn)镈NA技術(shù)的發(fā)展而有所提高呢?…”

‘Given the age of the majority of titles perhaps our greatest influence on how we understand the world is nowadays as much through media as through books.’

“根據(jù)選出的這些書的著作年份來(lái)看，目前，也許對(duì)我們理解這個(gè)世界最有影響力的事物不只來(lái)自媒體，同樣也來(lái)自書籍。”