零基礎(chǔ)學(xué)英語：當(dāng)動(dòng)詞遇上不定式

在前面幾篇文章中，小編已經(jīng)與大家一起學(xué)習(xí)了不定式與形容詞、名詞的搭配關(guān)系，今天我們來說說不定式最重要的一個(gè)用法：與動(dòng)詞搭配，構(gòu)成“動(dòng)賓”結(jié)構(gòu)。不定式作動(dòng)詞賓語，可分為三種情況，即“動(dòng)詞+to do”、“動(dòng)詞+賓語+to do”和“動(dòng)詞+(賓語)+to do”。下面小編給大家詳細(xì)道來。

一、動(dòng)詞+to do

英語中，有些動(dòng)詞只能接不定式，構(gòu)成“動(dòng)詞+to do”結(jié)構(gòu)。這類動(dòng)詞有：agree, aim, apply, choose, decide, demand, desire, determine, endeavor, expect, hope, learn, manage, offer, pledge, prepare, pretend, profess, promise, refuse, resolve, seek等等。

We hope to finish this task as soon as possible. 我們希望盡快完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)。

These players desired to win the game. 這些運(yùn)動(dòng)員渴望贏得這場比賽。

She refused to come to the party. 她拒絕參加聚會(huì)。

二、動(dòng)詞+賓語+to do

有些動(dòng)詞后不能直接加to do，必須先接賓語，再接to do。這類動(dòng)詞有consider, declare, prove, think, believe discover等表示心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞，其后一般用to be 形式。

I believe my friend to be reliable. 我相信我朋友是值得信賴的。

We all consider him to be a good teacher. 我們一致認(rèn)為他是一位好老師。

They have proved him to be wrong.他們已經(jīng)證明他是錯(cuò)的。

三、動(dòng)詞+(賓語)+to do

有些動(dòng)詞后面，既可以直接帶不定式，也可以帶賓語+不定式，例如ask, can’t bear, hate, intend, like, prefer等。

She asked to give these children more presents. 她要求給孩子們更多的禮物。

She asked me to give these children more presents. 她要求我給孩子們更多的禮物。

The teacher intends to give more time. 老師打算給更多時(shí)間。

The teacher intends students to give more time. 老師打算讓孩子們多給一些時(shí)間。

注：這一類動(dòng)詞，同樣可以用于that-分句，例如：

She asked that I should give these children more presents. 她要求我給孩子們更多的禮物。

The teacher intends that students should give more time. 老師打算讓孩子們多給一些時(shí)間。