一、“體”的變化
關(guān)于“體”,不定式有:一般形式、進(jìn)行體形式、完成體形式和完成進(jìn)行體形式。
1. 一般形式to do:I decide to buy that red car. 我決定買(mǎi)那輛紅色的車(chē)。
一般形式否定not to do:I decide not to buy that red car. 我決定不買(mǎi)那輛紅色的車(chē)。
2. 進(jìn)行體形式to be doing:
The little boy seems to be saying something. 這個(gè)小男孩似乎在說(shuō)什么。
進(jìn)行體形式否定not to be doing:
The little boy seems not to be saying anyhing. 這個(gè)小男孩似乎沒(méi)在說(shuō)什么。
3. 完成體形式to have done:
I was sorry to have told you that news. 很抱歉告訴你那則消息。
完成體形式否定not to have done:
I was sorry not to have told you that news. 很抱歉沒(méi)告訴你那則消息。
二、“態(tài)”的變化
關(guān)于“態(tài)”的變化,不定式同樣有主動(dòng)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)之分。不定式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)是由“to be+ed分詞”或者“to have been+ed分詞”構(gòu)成。
to be+ed分詞:
The problem to be discussed tomorrow is a hard nut. 明天要討論的問(wèn)題很棘手。
to have been+ed分詞:
She is really pleased to have been given this opportunity. 她很高興有這次機(jī)會(huì)。
綜上可知,不定式不是只有“to do”這一種結(jié)構(gòu)。由這一結(jié)構(gòu)變化而來(lái)的形式,我們也要注意掌握,以便靈活運(yùn)用。