童年創(chuàng)傷會(huì)影響一個(gè)人一生的健康

童年創(chuàng)傷會(huì)影響一個(gè)人一生的健康

The human brain is really remarkable. It begins developing all the way back in the womb and continues right into adulthood. So many things have to go just right for the brain to develop to its full capacity and for us to be emotionally healthy and cognitively functioning. This process is meticulously complex, and with that comes caveats. The brain is a plastic organ (meaning it's really malleable) and our environment plays an important role in shaping the developing brain during childhood, a period when children learn so much about the world around them.

人類的大腦是非常了不起的。它在子宮里就開始發(fā)育，一直持續(xù)到成年。為了讓大腦充分發(fā)育，讓我們擁有健康的情感和認(rèn)知功能，很多事情都需要做得恰到好處。這一過程非常復(fù)雜，并伴隨著一些警告。大腦是一個(gè)可塑的器官(這意味著它真的是有可塑性的)，在兒童時(shí)期，我們的環(huán)境在塑造發(fā)育中的大腦中扮演著重要的角色，在這個(gè)時(shí)期，孩子們會(huì)對(duì)周圍的世界了解很多。

Brain plasticity is something parents may not be aware of in terms of how upbringings in negative environments might impact children's brain development. This crucial developmental period is often hindered in children that are subjected to challenging environments while growing up, such as neglect, poverty, or physical and emotional abuse.

大腦可塑性是家長(zhǎng)們可能沒有意識(shí)到的，在負(fù)面環(huán)境中成長(zhǎng)會(huì)如何影響孩子的大腦發(fā)育。這一至關(guān)重要的發(fā)展階段往往阻礙了兒童的成長(zhǎng)，因?yàn)樗麄冊(cè)诔砷L(zhǎng)過程中受到了充滿挑戰(zhàn)的環(huán)境，如忽視、貧窮或身體和精神上的虐待。

In a TED talk, pediatrician Nadine Burke Harris explains how repeated neglect, abuse, and having parents struggling with substance abuse and/or mental health problems can have a real effect on the brain development of children, and how these events shape the health of these children over a lifetime. Harris makes a plea to pediatric medicine to help detect and prevent these events and tackle these challenges "head-on" by trying to identify them as early as possible, to protect and preserve child development.

在一次TED演講中，兒科醫(yī)生納丁·伯克·哈里斯解釋了反復(fù)的忽視、虐待以及父母與藥物濫用和/或精神健康問題作斗爭(zhēng)是如何對(duì)兒童的大腦發(fā)育產(chǎn)生實(shí)際影響的，以及這些事件如何在這些孩子的一生中塑造他們的健康。哈里斯呼吁兒科醫(yī)學(xué)幫助發(fā)現(xiàn)和預(yù)防這些事件，并通過盡可能早地發(fā)現(xiàn)它們來(lái)“正面”解決這些挑戰(zhàn)，以保護(hù)和保護(hù)兒童的發(fā)展。

Johannes Van Zijl

It's well documented that these types of experiences have lasting effects on children, especially when they occur during this critical period of development. It can change brain structure and function, influence the developing immune and hormonal systems, and even affect how DNA is processed. It has also been shown that children who experienced severe trauma have shorter life expectancies and a higher risk of dying of heart disease and cancer.

有充分的證據(jù)表明，這些類型的經(jīng)歷對(duì)兒童有持久的影響，特別是當(dāng)它們發(fā)生在發(fā)育的關(guān)鍵時(shí)期。它可以改變大腦的結(jié)構(gòu)和功能，影響發(fā)育中的免疫和激素系統(tǒng)，甚至影響DNA的處理方式。研究還表明，經(jīng)歷過嚴(yán)重創(chuàng)傷的兒童預(yù)期壽命較短，死于心臟病和癌癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)較高。

Recent research has even shown that mothers who themselves experienced childhood emotional neglect can pass on cross-generational "imprints" of fear and anxiety to their own children, an example of the devastating long-term effects.

最近的研究甚至表明，童年時(shí)經(jīng)歷過情感忽視的母親會(huì)把恐懼和焦慮的跨代“印記”傳給自己的孩子，這是毀滅性的長(zhǎng)期影響的一個(gè)例子。

These childhood experiences can have long-term repercussions, which is why it is vital to focus on providing a nurturing and safe environment for all children to grow up in, and identifying and tackling challenging situations as early as possible. Childhood trauma does not only influence the health and wellbeing of the child in question but may have an everlasting generational effect on their kids one day.

這些童年經(jīng)歷會(huì)產(chǎn)生長(zhǎng)期影響，因此，重點(diǎn)在于為所有兒童提供一個(gè)養(yǎng)育和安全的環(huán)境，讓他們?cè)谄渲谐砷L(zhǎng)，并盡早識(shí)別和處理具有挑戰(zhàn)性的情況，這一點(diǎn)至關(guān)重要。童年創(chuàng)傷不僅影響有關(guān)兒童的健康和福祉，有朝一日還可能對(duì)其子女產(chǎn)生永久的世代影響。