美國(guó)顧問(wèn)小組建議，嬰兒飲食中不要添加糖

美國(guó)顧問(wèn)小組建議，嬰兒飲食中不要添加糖

There's a new motto for parents when it comes to feeding babies from birth until 2 years of age: "Every bite counts."

當(dāng)喂養(yǎng)從出生到兩歲的嬰兒時(shí)，父母?jìng)冇幸粋€(gè)新的座右銘:“每一口都很重要。”

It's proposed for infants and toddlers by the 2020 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee, a group of experts charged with providing science-based recommendations twice each decade on how our diet affects our health.

它是由2020年飲食指南咨詢委員會(huì)提出的，該委員會(huì)由一組專家組成，負(fù)責(zé)每十年提供兩次有關(guān)飲食如何影響健康的科學(xué)建議。

"This report continues the traditional emphasis on individuals ages 2 years and older and, for the first time, expands upon it to reflect the growing body of evidence about appropriate nutrition during the earliest stages of life," the report stated.

報(bào)告指出：“這份報(bào)告延續(xù)了傳統(tǒng)上對(duì)2歲及2歲以上人群的強(qiáng)調(diào)，并首次對(duì)其進(jìn)行了擴(kuò)展，以反映越來(lái)越多的證據(jù)表明，在生命的最初階段應(yīng)該提供適當(dāng)?shù)臓I(yíng)養(yǎng)。”

"Nutritional exposures during the first 1,000 days of life not only contribute to long-term health but also help shape taste preferences and food choices."

“生命最初1000天的接受的營(yíng)養(yǎng)不僅有助于長(zhǎng)期健康，而且有助于形成味覺(jué)偏好和食物選擇。”

Released Wednesday, these final recommendations are sent to the US Department of Health and Human Services and the US Department of Agriculture, which use them to create the final 2020 to 2025 dietary guidelines that dictate much of what Americans will eat over the next five years.

星期三發(fā)布的這些最終建議被發(fā)送給美國(guó)衛(wèi)生與公眾服務(wù)部和美國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)部，他們利用這些建議制定了最終的2020年至2025年的飲食指南，這些指導(dǎo)方針規(guī)定了美國(guó)人未來(lái)五年的飲食習(xí)慣。

No added sugar at all

完全不添加糖

One key message in the 2020 infant recommendations: No amount of added sugar is OK for a baby's development.

2020年嬰兒建議中的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵信息是：任何添加量的糖都不利于嬰兒的發(fā)育。

"Avoid foods and beverages with added sugars during the first 2 years of life," the committee stated. "The energy in such products is likely to displace energy from nutrient-dense foods, increasing the risk of nutrient inadequacies.

委員會(huì)指出:“在嬰兒出生后的頭兩年里，避免食用添加糖的食物和飲料。”這類(lèi)產(chǎn)品中的能量很可能會(huì)取代營(yíng)養(yǎng)密集型食品中的能量，增加營(yíng)養(yǎng)不足的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

"Moreover, consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages is linked with increased risk of overweight or obesity."

“此外，飲用加糖飲料會(huì)增加超重或肥胖的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。”

Added sugars are used in processed foods and beverages to sweeten, and differ from the natural sugars that are part of a piece of fruit or glass of milk.

添加糖用于加工食品和飲料以增加甜味，它不同于一片水果或一杯牛奶中含有的天然糖。

"Apples and oranges all contain sugar but they also provide fiber and overall nutrition," said pediatrician Dr. Steven Abrams, who chairs the American Academy of Pediatrics committee on nutrition.

“蘋(píng)果和橙子都含有糖，但它們也提供纖維和全面的營(yíng)養(yǎng)，”兒科醫(yī)生史蒂文·阿布拉姆斯博士說(shuō)，他是美國(guó)兒科營(yíng)養(yǎng)委員會(huì)主席。

"Mother's milk has sugar in it," Abrams said, but it's packed full of immune boosting, infection fighting components and is the perfect combination of fats, proteins, carbohydrates and vitamins for a baby's needs.

“母乳中含有糖，”阿布拉姆斯說(shuō)，但母乳中富含增強(qiáng)免疫力、對(duì)抗感染的成分，是滿足嬰兒需要的脂肪、蛋白質(zhì)、碳水化合物和維生素的完美組合。

However, while 100% fruit juice may appear to offer the same nutritional benefit as whole fruit, in reality it does not, according to the AAP.

然而，根據(jù)美國(guó)兒科學(xué)會(huì)的說(shuō)法，雖然100%的果汁看起來(lái)和整個(gè)水果具有同樣的營(yíng)養(yǎng)價(jià)值，但實(shí)際上并不是這樣。

"Fruit juice, especially for kids in the first year of life, is a source of sugar without many nutrient benefits," Abrams said. "So this should always be avoided."

阿布拉姆斯說(shuō)：“果汁是一種糖分來(lái)源，沒(méi)有很多營(yíng)養(yǎng)價(jià)值，特別是對(duì)剛出生一歲的孩子來(lái)說(shuō)。”因此，應(yīng)始終避免這種情況。”

Then between 1 and 3 years of age, kids should drink no more than 4 ounces per day of 100% fruit juice, the AAP suggests.

美國(guó)兒科學(xué)會(huì)建議，1到3歲的孩子每天喝100%的果汁不應(yīng)該超過(guò)4盎司。

The committee found that "nearly 70 percent of added sugars intake comes from five food categories: sweetened beverages, desserts and sweet snacks, coffee and tea (with their additions), candy and sugars, and breakfast cereals."

該委員會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，“近70%的添加糖攝入來(lái)自五類(lèi)食品:加糖飲料、甜點(diǎn)和甜食、咖啡和茶(及其添加物)、糖果和糖類(lèi)，以及早餐麥片。”

On a food label, added sugars can include "brown sugar, corn sweetener, corn syrup, dextrose, fructose, glucose, high-fructose corn syrup, honey, lactose, malt syrup, maltose, molasses, raw sugar, and sucrose," according to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

根據(jù)美國(guó)疾病控制和預(yù)防中心的說(shuō)法，食品標(biāo)簽上的添加糖包括“紅糖、玉米甜味劑、玉米糖漿、葡萄糖、果糖、高果糖玉米糖漿、蜂蜜、乳糖、麥芽糖漿、麥芽糖、糖蜜、原糖和蔗糖”。

Parents should avoid added sugar in a child's diet, the committee recommends, because of the strong link to childhood obesity and future chronic health conditions.

委員會(huì)建議，父母應(yīng)該避免在孩子的飲食中添加糖，因?yàn)樗c兒童肥胖和未來(lái)的慢性健康問(wèn)題緊密相關(guān)。