建筑師為迪拜郊外的沙漠設(shè)計(jì)了一座火星城市

建筑師為迪拜郊外的沙漠設(shè)計(jì)了一座火星城市

Visitors first-time to Dubai would be forgiven for thinking they had stumbled onto a film set for a sci-fi movie.

第一次來(lái)迪拜的游客會(huì)以為自己無(wú)意中看到了一部科幻電影的場(chǎng)景，這是情有可原的。

Now Dubai is set for what must be its most other-worldly architectural project yet.

現(xiàn)在迪拜正準(zhǔn)備建造一項(xiàng)可能是它迄今為止最超凡脫俗的建筑項(xiàng)目。

In 2017, the United Arab Emirates announced its ambition to colonize Mars within the next 100 years. But architects are already imagining what a Martian city might look like -- and planning to recreate it in the desert outside Dubai.

2017年，阿拉伯聯(lián)合酋長(zhǎng)國(guó)宣布了在未來(lái)100年內(nèi)殖民火星的雄心。但建筑師們已經(jīng)開(kāi)始設(shè)想火星城市的樣子，并計(jì)劃在迪拜郊外的沙漠中重建它。

Mars Science City was originally earmarked to cover 176,000 square meters of desert -- the size of more than 30 football fields -- and cost approximately $135 million.

火星科學(xué)城最初計(jì)劃覆蓋17.6萬(wàn)平方米的沙漠，相當(dāng)于30多個(gè)足球場(chǎng)的大小，耗資約1.35億美元。

Intended as a space for Dubai's Mohammed Bin Rashid Space Centre (MBRSC) to develop the technology needed to colonize Mars, architects Bjarke Ingels Group were asked to design a prototype of a city suitable for sustaining life on Mars -- and then adapt it for use in the Emirati desert.

迪拜的穆罕默德·本·拉希德空間中心(MBRSC)的設(shè)計(jì)目的是開(kāi)發(fā)殖民火星所需的技術(shù)，建筑師本扎克·英格斯集團(tuán)被要求設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)適合火星上維持生命的城市原型，然后將其應(yīng)用于阿聯(lián)酋的沙漠。

How to build a Martian city

如何建造火星城市

For this unique commission, the architects first had to overcome the immense challenges of creating a design to make the inhospitable environment of Mars habitable.

對(duì)于這一獨(dú)特的任務(wù)，建筑師們首先要克服巨大的挑戰(zhàn)，使火星上不適宜居住的環(huán)境專(zhuān)門(mén)設(shè)計(jì)成適合居住的環(huán)境。

Mars has a thin atmosphere and no global magnetic field, so there's little protection from harmful radiation. Temperature is another problem -- the average on Mars is a chilly -63 degrees C (-81 degrees F). The thin atmosphere also means there's little air pressure, so liquids quickly evaporate into gas; despite freezing temperatures, an unprotected human's blood would boil on Mars.

火星大氣稀薄，沒(méi)有球形磁場(chǎng)，所以對(duì)有害輻射幾乎沒(méi)有保護(hù)。溫度是另一個(gè)問(wèn)題——火星上的平均溫度為零下63攝氏度(零下81華氏度)。稀薄的大氣層也意味著那里幾乎沒(méi)有氣壓，因此液體會(huì)迅速蒸發(fā)成氣體;盡管溫度極低，不受保護(hù)的人類(lèi)的血液在火星上會(huì)沸騰。

But according to Jonathan Eastwood, director of the Space Lab at Imperial College London, who's not connected with the Dubai project, the challenges of living on Mars extend far beyond technicalities.

但據(jù)倫敦帝國(guó)理工學(xué)院太空實(shí)驗(yàn)室主任喬納森·伊斯特伍德說(shuō)，在火星上生活的挑戰(zhàn)遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出了技術(shù)層面。伊斯特伍德沒(méi)有參與迪拜項(xiàng)目。

"I think the biggest challenge in terms of a sustained presence on Mars is not the engineering [or scientific] challenge, but the human [and] personal one," Eastwood explained.

伊斯特伍德說(shuō):“我認(rèn)為，要想在火星上長(zhǎng)期存在，最大的挑戰(zhàn)不是工程或科學(xué)上的挑戰(zhàn)，而是人類(lèi)和個(gè)人的挑戰(zhàn)。”

Jakob Lange, partner at Bjarke Ingels Group, explained to CNN how he and his team plan to overcome the challenges posed by the Red Planet.

本扎克·英格斯集團(tuán)合伙人雅各布·蘭格向CNN解釋了他和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)計(jì)劃如何克服這顆紅色星球帶來(lái)的挑戰(zhàn)。

To maintain a comfortable temperature and habitable air pressure, the Martian city would be made up of pressurized biodomes each covered with a transparent polyethylene membrane. Oxygen, made by applying electricity to underground ice, would fill each biodome.

為了保持舒適的溫度和適宜居住的氣壓，火星城市將由加壓生物穹頂組成，每個(gè)穹頂上覆蓋一層透明的聚乙烯膜。通過(guò)向地下冰層通電產(chǎn)生的氧氣將充滿(mǎn)每個(gè)生物穹頂。

Buildings would be 3D printed under the domes, using Martian soil, and rooms would extend 20 feet underground, protecting from harmful radiation and meteors.

建筑物將在穹頂下用3D打印，使用火星土壤，房間將延伸到地下20英尺，以防止有害輻射和流星。