自閉癥專家有關(guān)重要問題的回答

Autism cases are at an all-time high in the UK - withone in every hundred people thought to be on theautism spectrum. But experts now think the truenumber may actually be much higher with thesituation at 'crisis point'. A 'lost generation' ofthousands of adults could be going through lifewithout a diagnosis, missed by a system strugglingto understand the condition.

目前，自閉癥病例在英國(guó)處于歷史最高水平--百分之一的人被認(rèn)為可能患有自閉癥。但專家目前認(rèn)為在'危機(jī)點(diǎn)'的情況下，實(shí)際比例可能更高。'迷惘的一代'--成千上萬(wàn)成年人可能在沒有診斷的情況下過活，被試圖理解該病情的體系所遺漏。

In one-hour special Are You Autistic?, presenter Anna Richardson and campaigners GeorgiaHarper and Sam Ahern, who both have autism, set out to uncover the true face of thecondition in the UK today.

在一小時(shí)節(jié)目《你是否患有自閉癥》中，主持人安娜·理查森和參與活動(dòng)者格魯吉亞·哈珀以及薩姆·埃亨(這兩個(gè)人都患有自閉癥)開始解開今日英國(guó)有關(guān)自閉癥的真實(shí)面紗。

Working closely with charities, experts, and people with autism from across the spectrum, theshow aims to challenge what we think we know about autism. This is what we know for sure, though, thanks to the charity Ambitious About Autism who collaborated on the show.

該節(jié)目與慈善機(jī)構(gòu)、專家以及自閉癥患者緊密合作，旨在挑戰(zhàn)我們對(duì)自閉癥的認(rèn)知。盡管我們知道這一點(diǎn)，但也要感謝慈善機(jī)構(gòu)Ambitious About Autism對(duì)這部節(jié)目的配合。

 

What is autism?

什么是自閉癥?

Autism is a lifelong developmental disability which affects around one in 100 people in the UK. It affects the way a person communicates and how they experience the world around them. Some people with autism can live independent lives, but others may face additionalchallenges including learning disabilities. It may be referred to as Autism spectrum disorder, as autism encompasses a range of conditions.

自閉癥是一種終身的發(fā)育障礙，影響了英國(guó)百分之一的人。自閉癥影響著一個(gè)人的溝通方式、以及如何體驗(yàn)周圍的世界。有些自閉癥患者可以獨(dú)立生活，但其它患者可能面臨額外的挑戰(zhàn)，包括學(xué)習(xí)障礙。它可以被稱為自閉癥譜系障礙，因?yàn)樽蚤]癥涵蓋了一系列疾病。

What's the difference between autism and Asperger's?

自閉癥和艾斯伯格的區(qū)別?

Unlike many other children with autism, children and young people with Asperger's don'tgenerally show delays in early language development. They might actually be well ahead oftheir peers in some ways - reading very young or talking like an adult when they're still a pre-schooler.

與很多患有自閉癥的其它兒童不同，患有艾斯伯格的兒童和年輕人通常不會(huì)在早期語(yǔ)言發(fā)育上出現(xiàn)障礙。在某些方面，他們可能遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)領(lǐng)先于同齡人--很小的時(shí)候就能讀書，或者在學(xué)前班的時(shí)候就能像成年人一樣說(shuō)話。

They start to struggle when their social world becomes more complex and they can find ithard to deal with subtleties of conversation like jokes, sarcasm, tone and backwards andforwards discussion. Sometimes they can come across as clumsy.

當(dāng)他們的社交世界變得越來(lái)越復(fù)雜時(shí)，他們開始掙扎，發(fā)現(xiàn)自己很難處理一些微妙的對(duì)話，比如笑話、諷刺、語(yǔ)調(diào)和來(lái)回討論。有時(shí)候他們會(huì)顯得笨拙。

TV presenter Chris Packham has spoken of how his own Asperger's experience. Is there anautism test? The only way to know for certain if someone is autistic is to get a formaldiagnosis.

電視節(jié)目主持人克里斯·帕克姆談到了自身的艾斯伯格經(jīng)歷。是否有自閉癥測(cè)試?確定是否患自閉癥的唯一方式就是：正規(guī)診斷。