英語(yǔ)故事：撲克牌的來(lái)歷

When poker is emerging? Who invented? These two issues have caused controversy abroad. Italy said: the world's first invention of playing cards is Venetian. The Merchant of Venice ancient abroad to do business, with the invention of playing cards to calculate the date and entertainment. French said: playing cards in 1392, a scholar for the mentally ill king of France Tours designed entertainment VI. Belgians, said: As early as 1379, the cards appeared in Belgium. Can be preserved in the British Museum a Swiss monk documents, which recorded in 1377 in poker, it had already spread to the Swiss.

撲克牌是什么時(shí)候出現(xiàn)的?是誰(shuí)發(fā)明的?這兩個(gè)問(wèn)題在國(guó)外曾引起爭(zhēng)議。意大利人說(shuō)：世界上第一個(gè)發(fā)明撲克牌的，是威尼斯人。古代威尼斯商人出外經(jīng)商，發(fā)明了用撲克牌來(lái)計(jì)算日期和消遣娛樂(lè)。法國(guó)人說(shuō)：撲克牌是在1392年時(shí)，一個(gè)學(xué)者專門(mén)為有精神病的法國(guó)皇帝卻爾斯六世娛樂(lè)而設(shè)計(jì)的。比利時(shí)人說(shuō)：早在1379年時(shí)，撲克牌就在比利時(shí)出現(xiàn)了?？捎?guó)博物館里至今保存著一個(gè)瑞士僧侶的文件，里面記載撲克牌在1377年，就已經(jīng)流傳到瑞士了。

There are people abroad think that poker is invented by the Chinese people. Since the Song Dynasty in China, the prevalence of civil society on a "leaves play" deck of cards (called "leaves card" the size of two fingers. 8 cm long, 2.5 cm wide "leaves card", with silk and paper mounted into , patterns are printed with a woodcut version). They think that this card is in the Ming Dynasty or the Song and Yuan period, by businessmen, missionaries abroad to spread to the West inspired by the only converted into a popular poker now.

國(guó)外還有人認(rèn)為，撲克牌應(yīng)是中國(guó)人發(fā)明的。因?yàn)樵谖覈?guó)宋代時(shí)，民間就流行一種“葉子戲”的紙牌(叫“葉子牌”，有兩個(gè)手指大小。長(zhǎng)8公分，闊2.5公分的“葉子牌”，用絲綢及紙裱成，圖案是用木刻版印成的)。他們認(rèn)為這種紙牌是在明朝或宋、元時(shí)期，由商人、傳教士傳到國(guó)外去的，西方受此啟發(fā)，才改制成現(xiàn)在流行的撲克牌。

The design of playing cards is wonderful, it is designed according to the calendar. Why is a 52 playing cards (large, except Wang) do? This is because the original one year in 52 weeks. Why are there cards heart, box, flower, color of Spades four hours? It symbolizes the four seasons a year in spring and summer, autumn and winter. Therefore, we think it is not difficult, each suit why there are 13 licenses, which means that there is a season of 13 weeks.

撲克牌的設(shè)計(jì)十分奇妙，它是根據(jù)歷法而設(shè)計(jì)的。一副撲克牌為什么是52張(大、小王除外)呢?原來(lái)這是因?yàn)橐荒曛杏?2個(gè)星期。撲克牌為什么有紅桃、方塊、草花、黑桃四種花色之分?它象征著一年春夏秋冬四個(gè)季節(jié)。因此，我們也不難想到，每種花色為什么都有13張牌，這表示一個(gè)季節(jié)里有13個(gè)星期。

54 If we license the total number of points, we can further prove the relationship between cards and calendars. If the "J" when the 11 o'clock, "Q" when the 12 o'clock, "K" when the 13 o'clock, large, all as a single, Xiao Wang, the licensing of 54 points are added together, it so happens that the total 365 the number of days.

如果我們把54張牌的點(diǎn)數(shù)全部加起來(lái)，就可以進(jìn)一步證明撲克牌與歷法的關(guān)系。如果把“J”當(dāng)十一點(diǎn)，“Q”當(dāng)十二點(diǎn)，“K”當(dāng)十三點(diǎn)，大、小王各當(dāng)作半點(diǎn)，把54張牌的點(diǎn)數(shù)加起來(lái)，恰巧是全年365的總天數(shù)。

Large and small card design has its reason, King (now Commander) represents the sun, the moon represents Wang. Why is there a red card (heart, box), and (flower, spades) of sub-do? One can now understand the reason: red that day, and that night.

大、小王牌的設(shè)計(jì)也有其道理，大王(正司令)代表著太陽(yáng)，小王代表著月亮。一副牌為什么有紅(紅桃、方塊)、黑(草花、黑桃)之分呢?現(xiàn)在也可懂得其中道理了：紅表示白天，黑表示夜晚。