日本稻草人村：“居民”多為布偶

One woman in a fading Japanese village is slowly replacing its dead residents with scarecrows.

正在凋落的日本村莊中，一位婦人用布偶重現(xiàn)舊人。

The 35 residents left in Nagoro, southern Japan, are now outnumbered three-two-one by the mannequins Tsukimi Ayano has made to replace neighbours who have died or moved away.

據(jù)英國(guó)《每日郵報(bào)》報(bào)道，日本一村莊由于居民日漸減少，已變?yōu)榈静萑舜?。日本南部一座名為Nagoro的村莊人煙寥寥，只剩下35人。名為月見(jiàn)綾野(Tsukimi Ayano)藝術(shù)家為了讓村莊回復(fù)昔日的人氣，制作了321個(gè)稻草人重現(xiàn)舊人。

It's an eccentric response to an increasingly common problem. More than 10,000 towns and villages in Japan are depopulated, homes and infrastructure crumbling as the countryside empties.

這是對(duì)日益增長(zhǎng)的村莊老齡化問(wèn)題的一種古怪反應(yīng)。在日本，超過(guò)一萬(wàn)座城鎮(zhèn)和村莊人口日漸減少，家園和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施因此支離破碎。

At 65, Ms Tsukimi is one of the younger residents of Nagoro, a small village nestled in the rugged mountain landscape of interior of the southern island of Shikoku.

據(jù)報(bào)道，Nagoro坐落于四國(guó)島(Shikoku)北部的一處山谷中，地形崎嶇?，F(xiàn)年65歲的月見(jiàn)綾野是這里最年輕的居民。

She moved back from Osaka to look after her 85-year-old father after decades away.

離開(kāi)幾十年后，她從大阪搬回這座村莊來(lái)照顧85歲的父親。

'They bring back memories,' Ms Tsukimi said of the life-size dolls crowded into corners of her farmhouse, perched on fences and trees, huddled side-by-side at a produce stall, the bus stop - anywhere a living person might stop.

月見(jiàn)綾野將真人大小的娃娃擺放在真人可能出現(xiàn)的任何地方，他們擠在農(nóng)舍的角落里，坐在柵欄和大樹(shù)旁，排在廢棄的公共汽車(chē)站前。“他們帶來(lái)回憶。”月見(jiàn)綾野說(shuō)道。

'That old lady used to come and chat and drink tea. That old man used to love to drink sake and tell stories. It reminds me of the old times, when they were still alive and well,' she said.

“老婦人們過(guò)去經(jīng)常過(guò)來(lái)聊天喝茶，老人們則喜歡喝清酒講故事。這讓我想起逝去的時(shí)光，那時(shí)他們都還健在。”她說(shuō)。

Nagoro is typical of the thousands of communities turning into ghost towns or at best, open-air museums, frozen in time - a trend evident even in downtown Tokyo and in nearly or completely empty villages in the city's suburbs.

Nagoro是成千上萬(wàn)個(gè)變?yōu)楣沓腔蚵短觳┪镳^的典型社區(qū)之一。這種老齡化趨勢(shì)甚至在東京(Tokyo)市中心和城郊幾乎或完全成空的村莊中尤為明顯。

The one-street town is mostly abandoned, its shops and homes permanently shuttered.

只有一條街道的小鎮(zhèn)幾乎被遺棄，商店和房屋被永久關(guān)閉了。

With no youngsters left to raise, the local elementary school closed two years ago. Now Ms Tsukimi sometimes guides visitors through the spotless classrooms populated with scarecrow students and teachers.

由于沒(méi)有年輕人，當(dāng)?shù)匦W(xué)兩年前就關(guān)閉了?，F(xiàn)在，月見(jiàn)綾野有時(shí)會(huì)帶領(lǐng)游客參觀放滿稻草人學(xué)生和老師的干凈教室。

As Japan grew increasingly affluent after the Second World War, younger Japanese abandoned the countryside, flooding into the cities for jobs in factories and service industries, leaving their elders to tend small farms.

日本在二戰(zhàn)(the Second World War)后愈加富裕，日本的年輕人因此離開(kāi)家鄉(xiāng)，涌進(jìn)城市的工廠和服務(wù)行業(yè)尋找生計(jì)，將他們的老人留在家中務(wù)農(nóng)。

Greater Tokyo, with more than 37million people, and Osaka-Kobe, with 11.5million, account for nearly 40 per cent of the country's 127million people, with another 10million scattered in a handful of provincial capitals.

首都東京擁有超過(guò)3700萬(wàn)人口，大阪和神戶人口有1150萬(wàn)，幾乎占全國(guó)1.27億人口的40%。其它1000萬(wàn)人分布在少量的省會(huì)城市。

'There's been this huge sucking sound as the countryside is emptied,' said Joel Cohen, a professor at Columbia University's Laboratory of Populations.

哥倫比亞大學(xué)人口實(shí)驗(yàn)室(Columbia University's Laboratory of Populations)教授喬·科恩(Joel Cohen)表示：“城市人口的膨脹使得農(nóng)村變空。”

Meanwhile, a falling birthrate means there are too few people to repopulate rural areas as the rapidly ageing population left tending the fields die off.

與此同時(shí)，下降的出生率意味著，隨著迅速老齡化的農(nóng)村剩余人口相繼死亡，重新注入農(nóng)村地區(qū)的人口過(guò)少。

Japan's population began to decline in 2010 from a peak of 128 million. Without a drastic increase in the birthrate or a loosening of the staunch Japanese resistance to immigration, it is forecast to fall to about 108 million by 2050 and to 87 million by 2060.

日本人口在2010年開(kāi)始從1.28億的高峰下降。若沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)大幅增長(zhǎng)的出生率，或放松人口移民，日本人口預(yù)計(jì)到2050年將下降到1.08億，到2060年將下降到8700萬(wàn)。

By then, four in 10 Japanese will be over 65 years old.

到那時(shí)，40%的日本人將會(huì)是年齡超過(guò)65歲的老人。

When Ms Tsukimi returned to her hometown 13 years ago, she initially tried farming. Thinking her radish seeds may have been eaten by crows, she decided to make some scarecrows.

13年前，當(dāng)月見(jiàn)綾野返回家鄉(xiāng)時(shí)，她最初嘗試務(wù)農(nóng)?？紤]到她的蘿卜籽可能會(huì)被烏鴉吃掉，她決定做些稻草人。

Now there are more 100 scattered around Nagoro and other towns in Shikoku.

目前，已經(jīng)有100多個(gè)稻草人分散在Nagoro和四國(guó)島城鎮(zhèn)的各處。