VOA慢速英語聽力訓練素材：詞匯故事double

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VOA慢速英語，作為國際英語學習者的重要資源，通過清晰緩慢的發(fā)音與簡潔的詞匯，為初學者及中等水平學習者搭建了通往流利英語的橋梁。它不僅幫助提升聽力理解能力，還豐富了詞匯量，增強了語感，是學習地道英語表達不可或缺的工具，對全球英語學習者的語言提升至關重要。讓我們一起進入今天的VOA慢速英語聽力訓練：詞匯故事double。

英文原文

Today we talk about one of those English words that changes meaning depending on the words added to it. "Double" is just such a word. It is such a useful word that we should discuss it on the double. That means quickly. If I say "get here on the double," it means "get here as soon as you can." But that is just one of the many uses of this versatile word.

今天我們談論一下那些根據添加的詞而改變意義的英語單詞之一?！癉ouble”就是這樣一個詞。它是一個如此有用的詞，以至于我們應該盡快討論它。這里的“盡快”就是“on the double”的意思。如果我說“盡快來這里”，意思就是“你能多快來就多快來”。但這只是這個多義詞的眾多用法之一。

Double means two of something. So if you double up on something, you increase the amount by two. For example, if I plan to enter a swimming race, I might want to double up on my training. So if I train one hour a day, I would increase my training to two hours a day.

“Double”的意思是兩個某物。所以如果你在某事上加倍努力，就是將其數量增加兩倍。例如，如果我計劃參加游泳比賽，我可能會加倍訓練。所以如果我每天訓練一小時，我就會把訓練時間增加到每天兩小時。

Now, if you add "down" to "double," you get something completely different. If you double down, you stick to a position or undertaking, even if it is not a good one. You are not willing to change your position at all. For example, instead of apologizing for a poorly worded statement, the politician doubled down and said it again. Here we could also say he dug in his heels.

現在，如果你在“double”后面加上“down”，意思就完全不同了。如果你加倍下注（double down），你就會堅持一個立場或任務，即使它不是很好。你根本不愿意改變立場。例如，政治家沒有為措辭不當的聲明道歉，反而再次重申了這句話。在這里，我們也可以說他固執(zhí)己見。

Now, if something does double duty, it serves two purposes. For example, an exercise bike serves double duty if I can also dry my towels on it. People can also do double duty, that means they do two jobs or the work of two people.

現在，如果某物能一物兩用（does double duty），那它就具有兩個用途。例如，如果我的運動自行車還能用來晾毛巾，那它就一物兩用了。人們也可以一肩挑兩擔（do double duty），意思就是他們做兩份工作或兩個人的工作。

Let's combine "double" with the word "back." If you double back, you turn around and come back the same way that you came. One time I took a hike and got a little lost, so instead of continuing, I just doubled back. I returned the way that I came.

讓我們把“double”和“back”結合起來。如果你折返（double back），你就會轉身并以原來的方式返回。有一次我去徒步旅行，有點迷路了，所以我沒有繼續(xù)前行，而是折返了。我按照原路返回。

A delayed reaction to something that takes you by surprise is called a double take. We usually say "do a double take." For example, I did a double take when I saw my coworker after a year. She had a new haircut and a tattoo. I had to double check if it was even her. When I looked again and made sure it was my friend, I told her how much I liked her tattoo. Then she doubled over with laughter, as it turns out it was a temporary tattoo.

對某事的延遲反應，如果讓你感到驚訝，那就叫做“回頭再看一眼”（double take）。我們通常會說“do a double take”。例如，一年后我看到我的同事時，我回頭再看了一眼。她換了新發(fā)型，還紋了身。我不得不再次確認那是不是她。當我再次確認是我的朋友時，我告訴她我多么喜歡她的紋身。然后她笑得前仰后合，原來那是個臨時紋身。

When we double over, we bend over and cannot stand up straight because of laughter or from pain. For some reason, certain double words are not good. For example, double crossing someone means to cheat them. A double cross is a betrayal. We could also use the word "double dealing," which has a similar meaning. Double talk is language that appears to be meaningful, but in fact is a mixture of sense and nonsense. And double speak is language used to trick people by hiding some of the truth.

當我們笑得前仰后合（double over）時，我們會因為笑聲或疼痛而彎腰，無法站直。出于某種原因，某些“double”構成的詞并不太好。例如，背叛某人（double crossing someone）就是欺騙他們。背叛（double cross）就是出賣。我們也可以使用“double dealing”這個詞，它的意思相似。含糊其辭（Double talk）是看似有意義但實際上混雜著有意義和無意義內容的語言。而雙重語言（double speak）則是通過隱瞞部分真相來欺騙別人的語言。

A double standard is a set of principles or rules that apply differently and usually more severely to one group of people than to another. For example, people are not surprised if an older man dates a much younger woman. However, those same people may criticize a woman who dates a much younger man. That is a common double standard because the outcomes are so different.

雙重標準（double standard）是一套原則或規(guī)則，它對不同群體的人有不同的應用，通常對某一群體的人比對另一群體的人更為嚴格。例如，如果一位老年男性與一位年輕得多的女性約會，人們并不會感到驚訝。然而，同樣的人可能會批評一位與年輕得多的男性約會的女性。這是一個常見的雙重標準，因為結果截然不同。

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