演講MP3+雙語(yǔ)文稿:為什么你應(yīng)該在農(nóng)貿(mào)市場(chǎng)購(gòu)物

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聽(tīng)力課堂TED音頻欄目主要包括TED演講的音頻MP3及中英雙語(yǔ)文稿，供各位英語(yǔ)愛(ài)好者學(xué)習(xí)使用。本文主要內(nèi)容為演講MP3+雙語(yǔ)文稿:為什么你應(yīng)該在農(nóng)貿(mào)市場(chǎng)購(gòu)物，希望你會(huì)喜歡！

【演講者及介紹】Mohammad Modarres

Mohammad Modarres是一名社會(huì)企業(yè)家。

【演講主題】為什么你應(yīng)該在本地的農(nóng)貿(mào)市場(chǎng)購(gòu)物

【中英文字幕】

翻譯者 psjmz mz 校對(duì)者M(jìn)eng Xiang

00：14

It's been about a decade since the lastfinancial crisis, yet this industry has never been bigger. Legislation that wasmeant to better regulate its largest players has hurt its smaller ones,resulting in most of the industry's assets to be controlled by the top onepercent. They've become too big to fail. I'm not referring to big banks, butthe world of Big Agriculture.

距離上次金融危機(jī)已經(jīng)過(guò)去了10年，然而，這個(gè)行業(yè)的規(guī)模卻沒(méi)有絲毫增長(zhǎng)。旨在更好監(jiān)管最大參與者的立法反而傷害了較小的參與者，導(dǎo)致行業(yè)的大部分資產(chǎn)都被前1%的公司控制。它們的規(guī)模太大了，倒閉幾乎是不可能的事。我所指的不是大銀行，而是大農(nóng)業(yè)世界。

00:27

As a public health practitioner who hasworked with small-scale farmers in Rwanda and now as a small food businessowner who sits at the intersection between our consumers and producers, I'vebeen exposed to one of the most ecologically and economically intensiveindustries in the world, and throughout my work, I've witnessed a chillingirony. Our farmers, who feed our communities, cannot afford the very foods theygrow. Today, a handful of corporations continue to consolidate the entire foodsupply chain, from the intellectual property of seeds to produce and livestockall the way to the financial institutions who lend to these farmers. And therecent results have been rising bankruptcies for family farms and littlecontrol for those who are just trying to survive in the industry. Leftunchecked, we will head into another economic collapse, one very similar to thefarm crisis of the 1980s, when commodity market prices crashed, interest ratesdoubled, and many farmers lost everything.

作為一名曾與盧旺達(dá)的小農(nóng)戶共事的公共衛(wèi)生從業(yè)人員，并且現(xiàn)在作為一名處于消費(fèi)者和生產(chǎn)者之間的十字路的小型食品企業(yè)所有者，我接觸的是世界上最生態(tài)密集和經(jīng)濟(jì)密集的行業(yè)之一。在工作中，我目睹了一個(gè)讓人不寒而栗的諷刺現(xiàn)實(shí)。我們的農(nóng)民，養(yǎng)活我們社區(qū)的人，買(mǎi)不起他們自己種植的食物。今天，一些公司持續(xù)地吞并整個(gè)食物供應(yīng)鏈，從生產(chǎn)種子的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)到牲畜，一直到為這些農(nóng)民提供貸款的金融機(jī)構(gòu)。最近我們可以看到的所導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果是，越來(lái)越多的家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)破產(chǎn)，而那些只想在這個(gè)行業(yè)生存下去的人對(duì)一切則幾乎沒(méi)有控制力。如果任其發(fā)展，我們將面臨跟1980年的農(nóng)業(yè)危機(jī)很相似的另一場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)崩潰。當(dāng)商品市場(chǎng)價(jià)格暴跌時(shí)，利率翻倍，很多農(nóng)民失去了他們的一切。

01:33

Fortunately, there's a very simple,three-part solution you can be part of right now to help us transform our foodindustry from the bottom up.

幸運(yùn)的是，這里有個(gè)非常簡(jiǎn)單的三步的解決方案，你現(xiàn)在就可以參與進(jìn)來(lái)，幫助我們從底層向上改革我們的食品工業(yè)。

01:46

Step one: shop at your local farmersmarkets.

第一步：在本地農(nóng)貿(mào)市場(chǎng)購(gòu)物。

01:51

Buying from your local market andsubscribing to a community-supported agricultural produce box, better known asa CSA, may be the single greatest purchasing decision you can make as aconsumer today. Last year, American farmers made the least they have in almostthree decades, because they now own fewer parts of the supply chain than everbefore. Under exclusive contracts with Big Ag and big box stores, farmers arenot offered a fair price for their goods. In fact, the average farmer inAmerica makes less than 15 cents of every dollar on a product that you purchaseat a store. On the other hand, farmers who sell their goods at a farmers markettake home closer to 90 cents of every dollar. But beyond taking home a largershare, farmers use markets as an opportunity to cultivate the next generationof agriculturalists who shepherd our farmlands and our pastures. In our fightagainst climate change, we need them now more than ever to promote and preservediverse land use.

從本地市場(chǎng)購(gòu)買(mǎi)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品并訂購(gòu)社區(qū)支農(nóng)箱——更廣為人知地被叫做CSA，也許是作為今天的消費(fèi)者的你能做的最大的一個(gè)購(gòu)買(mǎi)決定。去年，美國(guó)農(nóng)民的收入是近三十年來(lái)最低的，因?yàn)樗麄儸F(xiàn)在擁有的供應(yīng)鏈環(huán)節(jié)比過(guò)去少多了。在與大公司和超級(jí)賣(mài)場(chǎng)簽訂的獨(dú)家合同中，農(nóng)民的商品無(wú)法得到公平的價(jià)格。事實(shí)上，美國(guó)農(nóng)民平均只能從你在商店購(gòu)買(mǎi)的1美元產(chǎn)品中賺得不到15美分。但是，在農(nóng)貿(mào)市場(chǎng)賣(mài)掉他們商品的農(nóng)民，能在每1美元中帶回家90美分。但除了帶回家更高比例的錢(qián)外，農(nóng)民可以利用農(nóng)貿(mào)市場(chǎng)作為一個(gè)培養(yǎng)下一代負(fù)責(zé)管理我們農(nóng)田和牧場(chǎng)的務(wù)農(nóng)者的機(jī)會(huì)。在我們與氣候變化的對(duì)抗中，我們遠(yuǎn)比過(guò)去更需要他們，以促進(jìn)和保持多樣化的土地使用。

02:58

When multigenerational farms are lost toBig Ag consolidation, our communities suffer in countless ways. Rural Americahas now jumped above the national average in violent crime. Three out fourfarmworkers surveyed have been directly impacted by our opioid epidemic. Nowoftentimes disguised as accidents, farmer suicide is now on the rise.

當(dāng)聚居型農(nóng)場(chǎng)被大型農(nóng)業(yè)合并取代時(shí)，我們的社區(qū)遭受了無(wú)數(shù)的苦難。美國(guó)農(nóng)村的暴力犯罪已經(jīng)超過(guò)全國(guó)平均水平。接受調(diào)查的農(nóng)場(chǎng)工人中有3/4直接受到阿片類藥物流行的影響。現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常被偽裝成事故的農(nóng)民自殺案件 數(shù)量正在上升。

03:23

Step two: shop at your local farmersmarkets.

第二步：在本地農(nóng)貿(mào)市場(chǎng)購(gòu)物。

03:28

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

03:31

Produce from a large retail store isharvested before it's ripe to travel more than a thousand miles before itultimately sits on your shelf roughly two weeks later. Alternatively, becausemost farmers markets have proximity and production requirements, farmers travelless than 50 miles to offer you local produce with minimal packaging waste.With the advent of online grocers and trending meal kits, consumers areincreasingly disconnected with their farmers and the economics of foodproduction. Since the rise of the smartphone revolution, direct-to-consumergoods have stagnated.

為大型零售商店生產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品都是在成熟前就已經(jīng)被收割，整個(gè)運(yùn)輸距離超過(guò)1千多英里，他們大概需要兩周才能到達(dá)你面前的貨物架上。反觀，因?yàn)榇蟛糠洲r(nóng)貿(mào)市場(chǎng)都有鄰近性和生產(chǎn)需求，農(nóng)民只需要走不到50英里，就可以在產(chǎn)生最少包裝廢物的情況下為你提供本地出產(chǎn)的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品。隨著在線雜貨店和流行餐包的出現(xiàn)，消費(fèi)者越來(lái)越與農(nóng)民和糧食生產(chǎn)經(jīng)濟(jì)脫節(jié)。自從智能手機(jī)革命興起后，直接面向消費(fèi)者的商品已經(jīng)停滯。

04:12

While local and sustainable foods have beentrending for almost a decade, terms like "healthy" and"natural" have no legal framework in the United States. Your best betfor fresh, nutrient-rich foods without the marketing jargon? Go to your farmersmarket. Buying local is not a new idea, but turning it into a habit in today'sworld still is. If we want to avoid the high costs of cheap food, protect ourenvironment, rebuild our communities and save our farmers -- literally -- we'regoing to need to vote with our food purchases. The success of our food systemsis directly attached to us. If we want to break up Big Ag's hold on our foodsupply chain, then we're going to need to connect with our farmers. We're goingto need to rebuild relationships with the hands that feed us three times a day.Plus, two more for snacks. Come on.

雖然本地的和可持續(xù)的食品已經(jīng)流行了近10年，但是像“健康”和“天然”這樣的詞在美國(guó)沒(méi)有法律框架。你最好的選擇當(dāng)然是真正新鮮，營(yíng)養(yǎng)豐富的食物，而不僅僅是這樣的營(yíng)銷(xiāo)術(shù)語(yǔ)吧？那么，去農(nóng)貿(mào)市場(chǎng)購(gòu)物吧。在本地農(nóng)貿(mào)市場(chǎng)購(gòu)買(mǎi)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品并不是個(gè)新主意，但是，把它變成習(xí)慣在今天仍然是新鮮的。如果我們想要避免本應(yīng)廉價(jià)的食物變得成本高昂，保護(hù)我們的環(huán)境，重建我們的社區(qū)，并拯救我們的農(nóng)民吧——不夸張地說(shuō)——我們得用我們自己的方式，也就是購(gòu)買(mǎi)食物，來(lái)出一份自己的力。飲食系統(tǒng)成功與否跟我們息息相關(guān)。如果我們想要打破農(nóng)業(yè)巨頭對(duì)我們食物供應(yīng)鏈的掌控，那么我們就需要跟農(nóng)民建立連接。我們需要與為我們提供一日三餐的雙手重建聯(lián)系，再加上多的兩份零食。來(lái)吧。

05:18

With a government online database of morethan 8,600 farmers markets across the country, you can easily find the nearestone to you. Just think of yourself as an investor in food, where yourpurchasing power helps create a more equitable society for everyone. Oh!

政府的在線數(shù)據(jù)顯示全國(guó)有8600個(gè)農(nóng)貿(mào)市場(chǎng)，你可以輕松找到離你最近的。只需把你自己想成一個(gè)食品的投資者，在那兒，你的購(gòu)買(mǎi)力可以幫助創(chuàng)造一個(gè)對(duì)每個(gè)人更平等的社會(huì)

05:37

Almost forgot step three, which maysurprise you: shop at your local farmers markets.

哦！差點(diǎn)忘記第三步了。這可能也會(huì)讓你們驚訝：在本地農(nóng)貿(mào)市場(chǎng)購(gòu)買(mǎi)。

05:45

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

05:46

Thank you.

謝謝。

05:48

(Applause)

（鼓掌）