演講MP3+雙語(yǔ)文稿:一生為消除兒童貧困而奮斗

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【演講者及介紹】Marian Wright Edelman

瑪麗安·萊特·埃德?tīng)柭?，孩子的倡?dǎo)者，為所有兒童爭(zhēng)取一個(gè)公平的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)環(huán)境。

帕特·米切爾，危險(xiǎn)的女人，她是婦女和女孩的終身倡導(dǎo)者。

【演講主題】一生為消除兒童貧困而奮斗的反思

【中英文字幕】

翻譯者 Lipeng Chen 校對(duì)者 CarolWang

00:13

Pat Mitchell: I know you don't like that"legend" business.

帕特：我知道，您不喜歡被稱(chēng)作“傳奇”。

00:16

Marian Wright Edelman: I don't.

瑪麗安: 是不喜歡。

00:17

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

00:19

PM: Why not, Marian? Because you aresomewhat of a legend. You've been doing this for a long time, and you're stillthere as founder and president.

帕特：為何不喜歡呢，瑪麗安？因?yàn)槟旧砭褪莻髌妗＿@件事您已經(jīng)做了很久了，而且作為（兒童防護(hù)基金的）創(chuàng)始人和主席，您一直很活躍。

00:28

MWE: Well, because my daddy raised us andmy mother raised us to serve, and we are servant-leaders. And it is not aboutexternal things or labels, and I feel like the luckiest person in the worldhaving been born at the intersection of great needs and great injustices andgreat opportunities to change them. So I just feel very grateful that I couldserve and make a difference.

瑪麗安：因?yàn)楦赣H、母親養(yǎng)育我們，就是為了服侍，我們就是神仆的領(lǐng)頭羊。這無(wú)關(guān)于外在的東西或標(biāo)簽，我覺(jué)得自己是世上最幸運(yùn)的人，出生于巨大需求和大量不公正交織的年代，也存在大好機(jī)會(huì)讓你去改變這種狀況。所以，我很榮幸可以為他人服務(wù)、有所作為。

00:53

PM: What a beautiful way of saying it.

帕特：您說(shuō)得實(shí)在是太好了。

00:55

(Applause)

（掌聲）

00:58

You grew up in the American South, and likeall children, a lot of who you became was molded by your parents. Tell me: Whatdid they teach you about movement-building?

您在美國(guó)南部長(zhǎng)大，像所有孩子一樣，您的成長(zhǎng)受父母的影響很大。能不能告訴我，在組織籌劃各種運(yùn)動(dòng)方面，父母教會(huì)了你什么？

01:13

MWE: I had extraordinary parents. I was solucky. My mother was the best organizer I ever knew. And she always insisted,even back then, on having her own dime. She started her dairy so that she couldhave her penny, and that sense of independence has certainly been passed on tome. My daddy was a minister, and they were real partners. And my oldest siblingis a sister, I'm the youngest, and there are three boys in between. But Ialways knew I was as smart as my brothers. I always was a tomboy. I always hadthe same high aspirations that they had. But most importantly, we were terriblyblessed, even though we were growing up in a very segregated small town inSouth Carolina -- we knew it was wrong. I always knew, from the time I was fouryears old, that I wasn't going to accept being put into slots. But Daddy andMama always had the sense that it was not us, it was the outside world, but youhave the capacity to grow up to change it, and I began to do that very earlyon. But most importantly, they were the best role models, because they said: ifyou see a need, don't ask why somebody doesn't do it. See what you can do.

瑪麗安：我很幸運(yùn)，我的父母很了不起。我的母親是我所知的最棒的活動(dòng)組織者。即使在那時(shí)，她一直堅(jiān)持經(jīng)濟(jì)自立。為了掙錢(qián)，她有了自己的牛奶事業(yè)，而這種獨(dú)立的秉性自然而然地傳給了我。我父親是牧師，他倆簡(jiǎn)直是天作之合。幾個(gè)孩子中最大的是姐姐，我最小，中間有仨哥哥。但我一直知道自己和哥哥們一樣聰明。我從小就是個(gè)假小子，和他們一樣，我也有遠(yuǎn)大抱負(fù)。最重要的是，我們是最幸運(yùn)的，即便我們?cè)谝粋€(gè)種族隔離嚴(yán)重的 南卡羅來(lái)納州小鎮(zhèn)上長(zhǎng)大—— 但我們知道，種族隔離是錯(cuò)的，從四歲起，我就知道，我才不接受成為別人游戲的籌碼呢。但父母一直認(rèn)為這不取決于我們，而取決于外面的世界，但你們有能力在長(zhǎng)大后去改變世界，所以很早我就開(kāi)始著手于這件事。但最重要的是，父母是我最好的楷模，因?yàn)楦改高@樣教導(dǎo)我們：如果你看到了他人的需求，不要問(wèn)為什么沒(méi)人去做，而是看看你能做些什么。

02:25

There was no home for the aged in ourhometown. And Reverend Reddick, who had what we know now, 50 years later, asAlzheimer's, and he began to wander the streets. And so Daddy and Mama figuredout he needed a place to go, so we started a home for the aged. Children had tocook and clean and serve. We didn't like it at the time, but that's how welearned that it was our obligation to take care of those who couldn't take careof themselves. I had 12 foster sisters and brothers. My mother took them inafter we left home, and she took them in before we left home. And again,whenever you see a need, you try to fulfill it. God runs, Daddy used to say, afull employment economy.

我的家鄉(xiāng)沒(méi)有安置老人的地方，雷迪克牧師得了50年后的今天才為人所知的阿爾茲海默癥，他當(dāng)時(shí)開(kāi)始在街頭游蕩。我父母覺(jué)得他需要有個(gè)去處，于是，我們成立了老人之家。孩子們需要做飯、打掃并照顧老人。那時(shí)我們都不喜歡這差事，但這讓我們明白了，照顧那些無(wú)法自理的人是我們的責(zé)任。我有12個(gè)領(lǐng)養(yǎng)的兄弟姐妹。有我們長(zhǎng)大離家后母親領(lǐng)養(yǎng)的，也有我們未成年時(shí)母親領(lǐng)養(yǎng)的。還是同樣的原因，當(dāng)他人需要你時(shí)，你只管努力提供幫助。父親常說(shuō)，上帝讓人人有事做。

03:04

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

03:05

And so if you just follow the need, youwill never lack for something to do or a real purpose in life.

如果你就跟著需求走，你一定不會(huì)覺(jué)得無(wú)所事事或缺少生命的真正目標(biāo)。

03:11

And every issue that the Children's DefenseFund works on today comes out of my childhood in a very personal way. LittleJohnny Harrington, who lived three doors down from me, stepped on a nail; helived with his grandmother, got tetanus, went to the hospital, no tetanusshots, he died. He was 11 years old. I remember that.

今天兒童防護(hù)基金所做的每件事，都和我兒時(shí)的親身經(jīng)歷有著千絲萬(wàn)縷的聯(lián)系。記得與我家三門(mén)之隔，和祖母住在一起的小約翰尼·哈靈頓踩釘子上了，得了破傷風(fēng)，雖去了醫(yī)院但打不起破傷風(fēng)疫苗，還是死了。他才11歲。我記得很清楚。

03:32

An accident in front of our highway, turnsout to have been two white truck drivers and a migrant family that happened tobe black. We all ran out to help. It was in the front of a church, and theambulance came, saw that the white truck drivers were not injured, saw theblack migrant workers were, turned around and left them. I never forgot that.

還記得我們公路上發(fā)生的一起車(chē)禍，事故涉及兩個(gè)白人卡車(chē)司機(jī)和一家碰巧是黑人的移民。我們都跑過(guò)去幫忙，事故地在教堂前面，救護(hù)車(chē)來(lái)了，看到白人卡車(chē)司機(jī)并沒(méi)受傷、只是黑人移民工人受傷后，救護(hù)車(chē)直接掉頭開(kāi)走了。我永遠(yuǎn)都忘不掉那個(gè)場(chǎng)景。

03:55

And immunizations was one of the firstthings I worked on at the Children's Defense Fund to make sure that every childgets immunized against preventable diseases. Unequal schools ...

所以，成立兒童防護(hù)基金后，疫苗接種就是我要做的頭幾件事之一，要確保每個(gè)孩子都能對(duì)那些可預(yù)防的疾病免疫。還有，不平等學(xué)校的事......

04:06

(Applause)

（掌聲）

04:09

Separate and unequal, hand-me-downs fromthe white schools. But we always had books in our house. Daddy was a greatreader. He used to make me read every night with him. I'd have to sit for 15 or20 minutes. One day I put a "True Confessions" inside a "LifeMagazine" and he asked me to read it out loud. I never read a "TrueConfessions" again.

單獨(dú)的黑人學(xué)校，比白人學(xué)校低一等，東西都是白人學(xué)校用過(guò)的。但我們家里總是會(huì)有書(shū)。父親特別愛(ài)讀書(shū)，他常讓我每晚和他一起看書(shū)，我必須看15或20分鐘。一天，我把《真實(shí)的懺悔》夾在一本《生活》雜志里，他讓我大聲讀出來(lái)。此后，我再也不讀《真實(shí)的懺悔》了。

04:27

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

04:29

But they were great readers. We always hadbooks before we had a second pair of shoes, and that was very important. Andalthough we had hand-me-down books for the black schools and hand-me-downeverythings, it was a great need. He made it clear that reading was the windowto the outside world, and so that was a great gift from them. But thereinforced lesson was that God runs a full employment economy, and that if youjust follow the need, you will never lack for a purpose in life, and that hasbeen so for me.

家里人都熱愛(ài)讀書(shū)，有錢(qián)的話(huà)，我們總會(huì)買(mǎi)書(shū)，而不會(huì)去買(mǎi)第二雙鞋，這點(diǎn)很重要。盡管我們黑人學(xué)校里有二手書(shū)，還有其它二手的東西，但我們依然很需要書(shū)。他明確告誡我們，閱讀是通往外面世界的窗口，所以說(shuō)，父母留給我的巨大財(cái)富就是讀書(shū)。但父母多次強(qiáng)調(diào)的訓(xùn)誡是：上帝讓人人都有事做，只要你關(guān)注他人的需求，生活就永不會(huì)缺少目標(biāo)，這就是我所信奉的。

05:02

We had a very segregated small town. I wasa rebel from the time I was four or five. I went out to a department store andthere was "white" and "black" water signs, but I didn'tknow that and didn't pay much attention to that, and I was with one of mySunday school teachers. I drank out of the wrong water fountain, and she jerkedme away, and I didn't know what had happened, and then she explained to meabout black and white water. I didn't know that, and after that, I went home,took my little wounded psyche to my parents, and told them what had happened,and said, "What's wrong with me?" And they said, "It wasn't muchwrong with you. It's what's wrong with the system." And I used to go thensecretly and switch water signs everywhere I went.

我們小鎮(zhèn)種族隔離很?chē)?yán)重，我四五歲起就叛逆了。一天，我來(lái)到一家百貨商店，那里的飲水龍頭分別有“白人”和“黑人”標(biāo)識(shí)，我之前沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)，也沒(méi)太在意，而且當(dāng)時(shí)我和主日學(xué)校的一位老師在一起。我從‘白’水龍頭上喝了水，她一把拽走我，我并不知道怎么了，然后，她解釋說(shuō)黑人和白人要用不同水龍頭喝水。我當(dāng)時(shí)并不知情，就算知道，我也會(huì)那么做。之后，我回到家，帶著幼小受傷的心靈回到父母身旁，告訴他們發(fā)生的一切，問(wèn)道，“我哪里錯(cuò)了呀？”他們說(shuō)，“孩子，你沒(méi)有錯(cuò)，是體制錯(cuò)了。”之后，每到一處，我常常偷偷地把水標(biāo)換過(guò)來(lái)。

05:40

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

05:41

And it felt so good.

那感覺(jué)棒極了。

05:42

(Applause)

（掌聲）

05:45

PM: There is no question that this legendis a bit of a rebel, and has been for a long time. So you started your work asan attorney and with the Civil Rights Movement, and you worked with Dr. King onthe original Poor People's Campaign. And then you made this decision, 45 yearsago, to set up a national advocacy campaign for children. Why did you choosethat particular service, to children?

帕特：毋庸置疑，這倒是有點(diǎn)像一個(gè)叛逆者的傳奇，而且叛逆已持續(xù)了很久。因此您成為律師，并參與人權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)，和金博士一起從事早期的“窮人運(yùn)動(dòng)”。然后45年前，您做出了這個(gè)決定，為兒童發(fā)起全國(guó)性的倡議運(yùn)動(dòng)。為何您選了這項(xiàng)針對(duì)兒童的特別服務(wù)？

06:13

MWE: Well, because so many of the thingsthat I saw in Mississippi and across the South had to do with children. I sawchildren with bloated bellies in this country who were close to starvation, whowere hungry, who were without clothes, and nobody wanted to believe that therewere children who were starving, and that's a slow process. And nobody wantedto listen. Every congressman that would come to Mississippi, I'd say, "Gosee," and most of them didn't want to do anything about it. But I sawgrinding poverty. The state of Mississippi wanted, during voter registrationefforts -- and with outside white kids coming in to help black citizensregister to vote -- they wanted everybody to leave the state, so they weretrying to starve them out. And they switched from free food commodities to foodstamps that cost two dollars. People had no income, and nobody in Americawanted to believe that there was anybody in America without any income. Well, Iknew hundreds of them, thousands of them. And malnutrition was becoming a bigproblem.

瑪麗安：因?yàn)槲以诿芪魑鞅?和整個(gè)南方的所見(jiàn)所聞 都和兒童有關(guān)。在這個(gè)國(guó)家，我看到了肚子腫脹 頻臨餓死的孩子，饑餓的孩子，沒(méi)衣服穿的孩子，而那時(shí)沒(méi)人愿意相信還有孩子挨餓，這是個(gè)緩慢的過(guò)程。沒(méi)有人想聽(tīng)。每個(gè)來(lái)密西西比的議員，我都對(duì)他們說(shuō)，“自己去看看吧”，對(duì)此，大部分人都無(wú)動(dòng)于衷。但我看到了極度的貧困。在選民登記的時(shí)候——外州的白人孩子過(guò)來(lái)幫黑人公民登記投票——密西西比州想要把黑人全趕走，想餓死他們。他們從原來(lái)免費(fèi)提供食品，變成出售要價(jià)兩美元的食物券。人們沒(méi)有收入，全國(guó)沒(méi)人肯相信美國(guó)竟然有人沒(méi)有任何收入，而我卻知道有成百上千沒(méi)有任何收入的人，營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良正成為一個(gè)大問(wèn)題。

07:10

And so one of these days came Dr. King downon a number of things we were fighting to get the Head Start program -- whichthe state of Mississippi turned down -- refinanced. And he went into a centerthat the poor community was running without any help, and he saw a teachercarve up an apple for eight or 10 children, and he had to run out, because hewas in tears. He couldn't believe it. But only when Robert Kennedy decided hewould come -- I had gone to testify about the Head Start program, because theywere attacking. And I asked, please, come and see yourself, and when you comeand see, see hungry people and see starving children. And they came, and he broughtthe press, and that began to get the movement going. But they wanted to pushall the poor people to go north and to get away from being voters. And I'mproud of Mike Espy. Even though he lost last night, he'll win one of thesedays.

一天，金博士來(lái)到了南部，一起努力為“啟蒙計(jì)劃”——已被州政府拒絕的計(jì)劃——再次籌款。他去了一個(gè)由窮人社區(qū)運(yùn)營(yíng)的中心，該中心沒(méi)有任何外界的幫助，他看到老師把一個(gè)蘋(píng)果切瓣分給8到10個(gè)孩子，他不得不跑到外面去，因?yàn)樗褱I流滿(mǎn)面。他無(wú)法相信眼前的一切。但只有當(dāng)羅伯特·肯尼迪決定過(guò)來(lái)時(shí)——我才去解釋說(shuō)明“啟蒙計(jì)劃”，因?yàn)樗麄冋诠暨@個(gè)計(jì)劃。我說(shuō)道，請(qǐng)過(guò)來(lái)自己看看吧，當(dāng)你自己來(lái)看時(shí)，就會(huì)看到饑餓的人，和快要餓死的孩子。他們來(lái)了，羅伯特·肯尼迪還把媒體帶來(lái)了，自此之后，這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)才開(kāi)展起來(lái)。但他們想把窮人都趕到北方去，不讓他們?cè)谶@個(gè)州投票。我為麥克·艾斯比感到驕傲。昨晚他雖然輸了，但他總有一天會(huì)贏(yíng)的。

08:01

(Applause)

（掌聲）

08:04

But you wouldn't have seen such grindingpoverty, and the outside white kids who'd come in to help register voters inthe 1964 Summer Project where we lost those three young men. But once theyleft, the press left, and there was just massive need, and people were tryingto push the poor out. And so, you know, Head Start came, and we applied for it,because the state turned it down. And that's true of a lot of states that don'ttake Medicaid these days. And we ran the largest Head Start program in thenation, and it changed their lives. They had books that had children who lookedlike them in it, and we were attacked all over the place.

否則，大家就看不到如此這般的赤貧。1964 年，在外州年輕白人來(lái)幫助黑人登記投票的“自由之夏”運(yùn)動(dòng)中，三個(gè)年輕白人因此被殺。但在媒體離開(kāi)后，只剩下大量的需求，人們想方設(shè)法要把窮人給趕走。接下來(lái)，國(guó)家開(kāi)始了“啟蒙計(jì)劃”，因?yàn)橹菡g回了該計(jì)劃，我們就再去申請(qǐng)實(shí)施。就像如今很多州不實(shí)行美國(guó)醫(yī)療補(bǔ)助計(jì)劃一樣。我們的“啟蒙計(jì)劃”是全國(guó)最大的，它改變了孩子們的一生。在書(shū)中他們能看到長(zhǎng)得跟自己一樣的孩子，為此，我們被攻擊得體無(wú)完膚。

08:43

But the bottom line was that Mississippigave birth to the Children's Defense Fund in many ways, and it also occurred tome that children and preventive investment, and avoiding costly care andfailure and neglect, was a more strategic way to proceed. And so the Children'sDefense Fund was born out of the Poor People's Campaign. But it was prettyclear that whatever you called black independent or brown independent was goingto have a shrinking constituency. And who can be mad at a two-month-old baby orat a two-year-old toddler? A lot of people can be. They don't want to feedthem, neither, from what we've seen.

重點(diǎn)是，密西西比州從多個(gè)方面催生了兒童防護(hù)基金，讓我突然想到，孩子、預(yù)防性投資，以及避免昂貴的看護(hù)、虐待與忽視兒童，才是更具戰(zhàn)略性的推進(jìn)方向。因此，兒童保護(hù)基金是“窮人運(yùn)動(dòng)”的產(chǎn)物。但很顯然，不論你怎么稱(chēng)呼他們，黑人或棕色人種的無(wú)黨派選民會(huì)逐漸減少。誰(shuí)會(huì)對(duì)兩個(gè)月大的嬰兒或兩歲的小孩生氣？很多人會(huì)。就我們所見(jiàn)，他們并不想喂養(yǎng)他們，

09:23

But it was the right judgment to make. Andso out of the privilege of serving as the Poor People's Campaign coordinatorfor policy for two years, and there were two of them, and it was not a failure,because the seeds of change get planted and have to have people who are scutworkers and follow up. And I'm a good scut worker and a persistent person. Andyou know, as a result, I would say that all those people on food stamps todayought to thank those poor people in the mud in Resurrection City. But it takesa lot of follow-up, detailed work -- and never going away.

但所做的決定是正確的。我有幸在“窮人運(yùn)動(dòng)”擔(dān)任兩年的政策協(xié)調(diào)員，那時(shí)我們有兩位，這場(chǎng)運(yùn)動(dòng)并非完全失敗，因?yàn)楦淖兊姆N子已被種下，而且需要負(fù)責(zé)日常雜務(wù)的人參與進(jìn)來(lái)，并貫徹到底。我擅長(zhǎng)處理雜務(wù)，而且是持之以恒的人。結(jié)果就是，我覺(jué)得今天所有靠食物券生活的人，都該感謝那些在復(fù)活城泥濘中示威游行的窮人。但那需要很多縝密的后續(xù)工作——并且這些細(xì)致的工作會(huì)持續(xù)下去。

09:55

PM: And you've been doing it for 45 years,and you've seen some amazing outcomes. What are you proudest of out of theChildren's Defense Fund?

帕特：你做這事已有45年，你也看到了一些驚人的成果。對(duì)于兒童防護(hù)基金，你最引以為傲的是什么？

10:06

MWE: Well, I think the children now havesort of become a mainstream issue. We have got lots of new laws. Millions ofchildren are getting food. Millions of children are getting a head start.Millions of children are getting Head Start and have gotten a head start, andthe Child Health Insurance Program, CHIP, Medicaid expansions for children.We've been trying to reform the child welfare system for decades. We finallygot a big breakthrough this year, and it says, be ready with the proposals whensomebody's ready to move, and sometimes it takes five years, 10 years, 20years, but you're there. I've been trying to keep children out of foster careand out of institutions and with their families, with preventive services. Thatgot passed.

瑪麗安：我認(rèn)為現(xiàn)在兒童已成為主流議題了。我們有了許多新的法律，數(shù)百萬(wàn)計(jì)的孩子有食物吃，數(shù)百萬(wàn)計(jì)的孩子有了良好的開(kāi)端。數(shù)百萬(wàn)計(jì)的孩子參與了“啟蒙計(jì)劃”，獲得了早期教育、兒童健康保險(xiǎn)項(xiàng)目CHIP、和醫(yī)療補(bǔ)助兒童擴(kuò)展計(jì)劃。數(shù)十年來(lái)，我們一直致力于兒童福利系統(tǒng)改革，今年終于有了重大突破，就是說(shuō)，提前準(zhǔn)備好提案，只等時(shí)機(jī)成熟就立刻提交，有時(shí)要等5年、10年、甚至20年，但你要堅(jiān)持，等待時(shí)機(jī)來(lái)臨。我一直致力于避免孩子被寄養(yǎng)和送到福利機(jī)構(gòu)，倡導(dǎo)在有預(yù)防性服務(wù)的前提下，讓孩子和家人同住。這項(xiàng)提案獲得了通過(guò)。

10:51

But there are millions of children who havehope, who have access to early childhood. Now, we are not finished, and we arenot going to ever feel finished until we end child poverty in the richestnation on earth. It's just ridiculous that we have to be demanding that.

數(shù)百萬(wàn)計(jì)的孩子有了希望，他們也享受到了早期教育。但我們的任務(wù)還沒(méi)完成，我們要一直奮斗到這個(gè)世界上最富有的國(guó)家不再有兒童貧困為止。這竟然還需要我們?nèi)ヒ?，?shí)在是太可笑了。

11:05

(Applause)

（掌聲）

11:11

PM: And there are so many of the problemsin spite of the successes, and thank you for going through some of them, Marian-- the Freedom Schools, the generations of children now who have gone throughChildren's Defense Fund programs. But when you look around the world, in thiscountry, the United States, and in other countries, there are still so manyproblems. What worries you the most?

帕特：雖然取得了成功，但依然有許多問(wèn)題，瑪麗安，感謝您正在解決部分問(wèn)題——自由學(xué)校，現(xiàn)在一代代的兒童得以參與兒童防護(hù)基金計(jì)劃。但當(dāng)你縱觀(guān)世界，在美國(guó)這個(gè)國(guó)家，還有其他的國(guó)家里，還存在著許多問(wèn)題。什么是你最擔(dān)心的？

11:37

MWE: What worries me is how irresponsiblewe adults in power have been in passing on a healthier earth. And it worries mewhen I read the "Bulletin of Atomic Scientists" and see now that weare two minutes from midnight, and that's gotten closer. We have put our futureand our children's future and safety at risk in a world that is still too muchgoverned by violence. We must end that. We must stop investing in war and startinvesting in the young and in peace, and we are really so far away from doingthat.

瑪麗安：在把更健康的地球傳遞給后代這件事上，當(dāng)權(quán)者的不負(fù)責(zé)任讓我很擔(dān)心。當(dāng)我讀《原子科學(xué)家公報(bào)》時(shí)，（包含關(guān)于“末日時(shí)鐘”的內(nèi)容）看到末日時(shí)鐘還差兩分鐘就到午夜，說(shuō)明核戰(zhàn)一觸即發(fā)，我很擔(dān)心。在這個(gè)依然充斥著暴力的世界，我們?cè)谀梦覀兊奈磥?lái)、孩子的未來(lái)和安全冒險(xiǎn)。我們必須終結(jié)這種現(xiàn)狀。我們必須終止在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)上投資，轉(zhuǎn)而投資年輕一代和世界和平，我們離那一步還很遠(yuǎn)。

12:12

(Applause)

（掌聲）

12:13

And I don't want my grandchildren to haveto fight these battles all over again, and so I get more radical. The older Iget, the more radical I get, because there are just some things that we asadults have to do for the next generations. And I looked at the sacrifices ofMrs. Hamer and all those people in Mississippi who risked their lives to giveus a better life. But the United States has got to come to grips with itsfailure to invest in its children, and it's the Achilles' heel of this nation.How can you be one of the biggest economies in the world and you let 13.2million children go live in poverty, and you let children go homeless whenyou've got the means to do it?

我不想讓我的孫輩們還得從頭再來(lái)為這些事抗?fàn)?，所以我變得更激進(jìn)，越老越激進(jìn)，因?yàn)橛行┦率俏覀兇笕藨?yīng)該為后代做的?？纯春Ｄ亢兔芪魑鞅戎菽切┤说臓奚头瞰I(xiàn)，他們拋頭顱灑熱血，我們才有今天的幸福生活。美國(guó)必須認(rèn)真對(duì)待自己沒(méi)在孩子身上投資的問(wèn)題，這是我們國(guó)家的致命傷。作為全世界最大的經(jīng)濟(jì)體之一，怎么能讓1320萬(wàn)兒童活在貧困之中，讓孩子們無(wú)家可歸，而其實(shí)你是有解決辦法的？

12:55

We've got to rethink who we are as apeople, be an example for the world. There should be no poverty. In fact, wewant to say we're going to end poverty in the world. Just start at home. Andwe've made real progress, but it's such hard work, and it's going to be ourAchilles' heel. We should stop giving more tax cuts, sorry folks, tobillionaires rather than to babies and their health care. We should get ourpriorities straight.

我們得重新思考身為這個(gè)國(guó)家人民的意義，要成為世界的榜樣，不該存在貧困。其實(shí)，我們想說(shuō)的是，我們要終結(jié)世上的貧困。就從美國(guó)開(kāi)始。我們已經(jīng)取得了實(shí)質(zhì)性的進(jìn)展，但解決孩子貧困是項(xiàng)艱難工作，這將是我們最大的弱點(diǎn)。我們應(yīng)該停止給百萬(wàn)富豪減稅，大伙兒，抱歉了，應(yīng)該把錢(qián)花在嬰兒和他們的衛(wèi)生保健上。我們應(yīng)該把優(yōu)先順序搞清楚。

13:21

(Applause)

（掌聲）

13:22

That's not right, and it's notcost-effective. And the key to this country is going to be an educated childpopulation, and yet we've got so many children who cannot read or write at themost basic levels. We're investing in the wrong things, and I wouldn't be upsetabout anybody having one billion, 10 billion [US dollars], if there were nohungry children, if there were no homeless children, if there were nouneducated children. And so it's really about what does it mean to live andlead this life. Why were we put on this earth? We were put on this earth tomake things better for the next generations. And here we're worrying aboutclimate change and global warming. And we're looking at, again, I constantlycite -- I look at that "Bulletin of Atomic Scientists" every year.And it says now: "Two minutes to midnight." Are we out of our minds,adults, about passing on a better a world to our children? That's what ourpurpose is, to leave a better world for everybody, and the concept of enough foreverybody. There should be no hungry children in this world with the richwealth that we have. And so I can't think of a bigger cause, and I think thatI'm driven by my faith. And it's been a privilege to serve, but I always hadthe best role models in the world. Daddy always said God runs a full employmenteconomy, and that if you just follow the need, you'll never lack for a purposein life. And I watched the partnership -- because my mother was a true partner.I always knew I was as smart as my brothers, at least. And we always knew thatwe were not just to be about ourselves, but that we were here to serve.

給富人減稅是不對(duì)的，而且那不符合成本效益。受教育兒童的人數(shù)才是這個(gè)國(guó)家富強(qiáng)的關(guān)鍵，然而我們卻有好多的兒童連最基本的讀或?qū)懚疾粫?huì)。我們投資失誤了，只要我們沒(méi)有兒童在挨餓，只要我們沒(méi)有兒童無(wú)家可歸，只要我們沒(méi)有兒童失學(xué)，我就不會(huì)對(duì)那些富人感到生氣。這其實(shí)在于我們?nèi)绾味冗^(guò)和主導(dǎo)一生。我們?yōu)槭裁闯錾谶@個(gè)星球上？就是要為了下一代把事情變得更美好。我們?cè)趽?dān)心氣候變化和全球變暖。還有我時(shí)常提及的——我年年關(guān)注《原子科學(xué)家公報(bào)》。公報(bào)的末日時(shí)鐘顯示：“離午夜還有兩分鐘（核戰(zhàn)隨時(shí)發(fā)生）?！蔽覀冞@些成年人瘋了嗎？難道我們不打算將更好的世界交給后代嗎？這就是我們的使命，把一個(gè)更好的世界和普世觀(guān)念留給所有人。以我們擁有的財(cái)富，這世上不應(yīng)該有饑餓的兒童。我實(shí)在想不出更大的原因，我認(rèn)為是信仰激勵(lì)了我。能夠服務(wù)社會(huì)一向是我的榮幸，而我有世上最好的榜樣——我父母。我父親總是說(shuō)，上帝讓人人有事做，只要你跟著需要走，就永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)缺少人生的目標(biāo)。我見(jiàn)證了這樣的合作——因?yàn)槲夷赣H是位真正的伙伴。我一直都知道，自己至少和哥哥們一樣聰明。我們一直都知道我們不只關(guān)心自己，而是要服務(wù)社會(huì)。

14:55

PM: Well, Marian, I want to say, on behalfof all the world's children, thank you for your passion, your purpose and youradvocacy.

帕特：瑪麗安，我想代表全世界的孩子，對(duì)您說(shuō)，感謝您的熱忱，感謝您的使命和您的倡議。

15:03

(Applause)

（掌聲）