成為談判高手——使用獨(dú)立的標(biāo)準(zhǔn) Using Independent Standards

使用獨(dú)立的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)　Using Independent Standards

要避免在談判中因?yàn)槔娴钟|而導(dǎo)致的僵局（deadlock），一副靈丹妙藥就是堅(jiān)持使用（insist on）公認(rèn)的、獨(dú)立的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。用普遍接受的、公認(rèn)的、客觀(guān)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來(lái)證明自己所要的并不是信口開(kāi)河，對(duì)方的條件與“標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”有差距，從而促使對(duì)方進(jìn)行調(diào)整。

談判前要做足功課，了解市場(chǎng)行情，將相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)記錄下來(lái)，談判時(shí)可以隨時(shí)調(diào)用。

☉Let’s take a look at what’s standard market value for these items.

讓我們看看這些貨的市場(chǎng)行情價(jià)。

☉How much would we end up paying if we bought them from any other supplier?

如果我們從其他供貨商那里買(mǎi)貨到底要付多少錢(qián)呢？

☉The going-rate for……these days is……

目前……的常規(guī)價(jià)是……

☉What’s the Blue Book value?

藍(lán)皮書(shū)的價(jià)格是多少？

☉I’m offering market value prices.

我給的是市場(chǎng)行情價(jià)。

☉Take a look at comparable markets.You won’t find a better deal.

看下同類(lèi)型的市場(chǎng)，沒(méi)有比這更好的了。

☉I’m offering what’s fair.

我給出的本身就是公平合理的。

買(mǎi)方的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

作為買(mǎi)方，可以通過(guò)市場(chǎng)行情調(diào)研（marketing research）或者通過(guò)別的供貨商的報(bào)價(jià)來(lái)判斷賣(mài)方給的價(jià)格是否合理。

☉The average listing on comparable properties within a 10-kilometer radius of the property you are offering is 20%lower than your asking price. Considering the market, don't you agree a discounted price would be more fair?

半徑10千米以?xún)?nèi)同類(lèi)型的房地產(chǎn)價(jià)要比您的要價(jià)平均低20%，考慮到市場(chǎng)情況，您不覺(jué)得應(yīng)該便宜些才會(huì)更合理嗎？

☉We’ve received quotations from several other suppliers for products similar to what you've offered. We'd rather work with you, so do you think you can match their prices and give us a fair deal?

我們也收到了一些與你方產(chǎn)品相類(lèi)似的其他供貨商的報(bào)價(jià)。我們比較傾向于和你們合作，所以您看你們能不能向他們的價(jià)格看齊，從而給我們一個(gè)公平的待遇？

☉Similar quality items usually go for$20 per unit.Do you think you could reconsider your price quotation to reflect the current market?

同類(lèi)型的產(chǎn)品價(jià)格一般是每件20美元，您不覺(jué)得應(yīng)該重新考慮您的價(jià)格以便符合市場(chǎng)行情嗎？

☉I think$50 per unit is more than fair.According to Consumer Reports, the industry standard is between$30 to$60，$60 is high-end.

我覺(jué)得每件50美元更合理。根據(jù)《消費(fèi)者報(bào)告》，行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是30美元到60美元之間，60美元就是高端了。

尋找準(zhǔn)則

貫徹公正原則時(shí)需要找到雙方（both sides）都能認(rèn)可的獨(dú)立標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。比如行業(yè)普遍通行的報(bào)價(jià)、知名企事業(yè)或政府機(jī)構(gòu)的證明等。

☉Kelley Blue Book reports the 2003 Mini Cooper to be worth$11，000 with private party sale. Since you're asking more than the Blue Book value, can you tell me why?

《凱利藍(lán)皮書(shū)》（美國(guó)最受歡迎的新車(chē)和舊車(chē)信息來(lái)源）報(bào)告說(shuō)，2003年迷你旋風(fēng)從私人處購(gòu)買(mǎi)的價(jià)格是11，000美元。您要的價(jià)格比藍(lán)皮書(shū)上的還貴，您說(shuō)這是為什么？

☉The Consumer Reports published pricing is$800 per unit.I expect no less than what is fair.

公開(kāi)出版的《消費(fèi)者報(bào)告》標(biāo)價(jià)是每件800美元，我要的是公平合理。

☉According to the national standard, all units must be equipped with stainless steel appliances.

根據(jù)國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，所有的都必須配備不銹鋼家電。

理智

堅(jiān)持標(biāo)準(zhǔn)時(shí)要求理智（rational）而非情緒化（emotional），因此自制必不可少。一些成功的談判者在整個(gè)談判過(guò)程中都能保持耐心和平穩(wěn)的情緒。

A：$35 per unit?That's absolutely outrageous！That's flat out robbery！

B：I understand you might feel my price is unreasonable, but let's take a look at what is standard for the industry right now. According to third-party marketing research, you can see the going rate for similar items is$40 per unit.I have given you a break on the price, but I simply can't offer you any more of a discount.I hope you can understand.

A：每件35美元？太荒謬了！這簡(jiǎn)直就是明目張膽地?fù)尳伲?

B：我理解您可能覺(jué)得我的價(jià)格有些不合情理，但是讓我們看一下現(xiàn)在的行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。根據(jù)第三方市場(chǎng)調(diào)查，您會(huì)看到類(lèi)似的項(xiàng)目費(fèi)率是每件40美元。在價(jià)格上我已經(jīng)做出突破了，我無(wú)法再給任何更多的折扣了，我希望您能夠理解。

總結(jié)

談判到了雙方僵持不下時(shí)，可以設(shè)法找一個(gè)“說(shuō)了算”的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來(lái)參照。如果能夠找到一個(gè)獨(dú)立的、客觀(guān)且有說(shuō)服力的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來(lái)證明對(duì)方的出價(jià)不合理，就有可能打破僵局。迫使別人讓步需要耐心，而非情緒化。

Words　單詞表

appliances家電

appraisal評(píng)價(jià)，鑒定

comparable比擬，類(lèi)似的

expensive昂貴的

outrageous豈有此理，不像話(huà)

refurbish翻新

several幾個(gè)，若干

similar類(lèi)似，相似

stainless steel不銹鋼

standard標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

third-party第三方

unfortunately不幸地；不巧地

upkeep修理，保養(yǎng)

vender賣(mài)主，銷(xiāo)售者

Phrases　短語(yǔ)表

ask price詢(xún)價(jià)，要價(jià)

discounted price折扣價(jià)

find a deal找出辦法

flat-out坦白的；直率的

give（sb）a（fair）deal公平對(duì)待（某人）

yield results取得成功/成果

go for（sth）贊成（某事）

going rate現(xiàn)行利率

market value市場(chǎng)價(jià)格

match a price匹配價(jià)格/價(jià)格調(diào)整到一致

match quality品質(zhì)配對(duì)，匹配品質(zhì)

be equipped with配備

offer a price報(bào)價(jià)，出價(jià)

since you're（doing sth）既然你（做某事）

take a dive暴跌，突然降價(jià)

give a break（on a price）（在價(jià)格上）做出突破

flat-out robbery明目張膽地?fù)尳?

these days目前，現(xiàn)在

實(shí)景對(duì)話(huà)1

A：I received your quotation. Unfortunately, the price you offer seems much more expensive than we can go for right now. We've received quotations from several other suppliers for products similar to what you've offered.We'd rather work with you, so do you think you can match their prices and give us a fair deal?

B：I'm sorry, but I will have to stand by the numbers I sent you in the quotation. I'm offering market value prices.I'm offering what is fair.

A：Take a look at the information. You'll see that the price they offer is only$20

per unit. That's half of what you want！

B：Okay, well, I will offer you a deeper discount of$35 per unit. Take a look at comparable markets. You won't find a better deal.The level of quality you will get from other venders can't match ours.

A：$35 per unit?That's absolutely outrageous！That's flat-out robbery！

B：I understand you might feel my price is unreasonable, but let's take alook at what is standard for the industry right now. According to third-party marketing research, you can see the going rate for similar items is$40 per unit.I have given you a break on the price, but I simply can't offer you any more of a discount.I hope you can understand.

A：我收到了您的報(bào)價(jià)。不幸的是您出的價(jià)格與我們目前所能接受的相去甚遠(yuǎn)。

我們也收到了一些與你們的產(chǎn)品相類(lèi)似的其他供貨商的報(bào)價(jià)。我們比較傾向于和你們合作，所以您看你們能不能向他們的價(jià)格看齊，從而給我們一個(gè)公平的待遇？

B：不好意思，對(duì)于寄給您的報(bào)價(jià)中的數(shù)字我無(wú)法調(diào)整。我現(xiàn)在給的就是市場(chǎng)行情價(jià)。我給的本身就是公平的。

A：通過(guò)這些信息，您就能看到他們的出價(jià)是每件僅20美元，是您要價(jià)的一半！

B：那好吧，我愿意給一個(gè)更優(yōu)惠的折扣，每件35美元。看一下類(lèi)似的市場(chǎng)，您找不到更好的了。我們的質(zhì)量水準(zhǔn)是別的賣(mài)家無(wú)法匹敵的。

A：每件35美元？太荒謬了！這簡(jiǎn)直就是明目張膽地?fù)尳伲?

B：我理解您可能覺(jué)得我的價(jià)格有些不合情理，但是讓我們看一下現(xiàn)在的行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。根據(jù)第三方市場(chǎng)調(diào)查，您會(huì)看到類(lèi)似的項(xiàng)目費(fèi)率是每件40美元。在價(jià)格上我已經(jīng)做出突破了，我無(wú)法再給更多的折扣了，希望您能夠理解。

實(shí)景對(duì)話(huà)2

A：To be honest, I am very interested in negotiating with you on this property. However, the asking price seems a little unreasonable.The average listing on comparable properties within a 10-kilometer radius of the property you are offering is 20%lower than your asking price.Considering the market, don't you agree a discounted price would be more fair?

B：The going-rate for properties such as this these days is$400，000. Wehad the place appraised.The listed price reflects the value assigned by the appraiser.

A：What was the timeline on the appraisal?It was over a year ago！Since the current market has just taken a nose-dive, I wonder if a more recent appraisal would yield similar results. Since you're asking more than the going rate, can you tell me why?

B：The property has excellent upkeep and has just be refurbished with all new stainless steel appliances. Consumer Reports published pricing on such units would indicate a higher value.Take a look at comparable properties.You won't find a better deal.

A：According to the national standard, all units must be equipped with stainless steel appliances. I still think we need to reach agreement on a lower price.

A：坦率地說(shuō)，我很愿意和您就這套房產(chǎn)進(jìn)行談判。但是，要價(jià)有些不合情理。

半徑10千米以?xún)?nèi)同類(lèi)型的房地產(chǎn)價(jià)要比您的價(jià)格平均低20%?？紤]到市場(chǎng)情況，您不覺(jué)得便宜些才會(huì)更合理嗎？

B：當(dāng)前類(lèi)似的不動(dòng)產(chǎn)的費(fèi)率是40萬(wàn)美元。我們?cè)鴮?duì)這塊地方進(jìn)行過(guò)評(píng)估，單子上的金額是經(jīng)過(guò)評(píng)估師確認(rèn)的價(jià)值。

A：是什么時(shí)間的評(píng)估？是一年多以前的！最近市場(chǎng)行情暴跌，我想知道再一次評(píng)估的話(huà)是否會(huì)得出類(lèi)似的結(jié)果。您所要的比市場(chǎng)行情高，您能否告訴我是為什么呢？

B：這套房產(chǎn)保養(yǎng)極佳，翻新時(shí)配備的是全套的不銹鋼家電。剛出版的《消費(fèi)者報(bào)告》上說(shuō)此類(lèi)型應(yīng)有更高的價(jià)值。您可以看一下同類(lèi)型的房產(chǎn)，沒(méi)有比這更好的了。

A：根據(jù)國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，所有房產(chǎn)必須配備不銹鋼家電。我仍然覺(jué)得我們只有以更低的價(jià)格才能達(dá)成協(xié)議。