英語早間課堂:Give-and-take
I'd like to have a ten-minute talks to you about how to bear ourselves. This morning I just give one piece of advice to you. In our daily life and work, there has to need mutual understanding and mutual accommodation if we seek for peace and harmoniousness, no fight, no quarrel, so that we can get along with each other, being successful in our career, marriage,family, and so on. 今天我想跟大家仔細(xì)探討一個為人處世的道理。在我們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪校獠涣伺c人打交道，這樣就免不了會有矛盾沖突。如果我們想有個和平與和諧的生活，我們就需要相互諒解，相互和解，這樣我們才可以友好相處，在我們的家庭，事業(yè)，婚姻等等方面成功。In English there is an idiom to express it. What's it? Let's listen to a simple situational dialogue and find it .
【原聲對話 美語發(fā)音】
A : I find it hard to get on well with my colleagues.
B : You need a give-and-take attitude to get along in this firm.
A : Thank you for your advice.
【答疑解惑】
Yeah, it is "a give-and-take attitude". What is "give-and-take "? Let's look at a sentence . We could have intermarry with us. You could give us your daughters and and we take your daughters for ourselves. 意思是： 我們可以彼此通婚，你可以把女兒給我們，也可以娶我們的女兒。這句話中有g(shù)ive , and 和take 三個詞，把它們組合在一起作為一個整體就是今天我們所要講的習(xí)語了: give and take or give-and-take。And what's the differences between them?The first one with dashes is used as a verb and the second one is used as a noun. 第一個有破折號好的作為名詞用，第二個則作為動詞用。從剛才的那句話中，我們就可以看得出有公平交換的意思在里面，a fair exchange . However, let's look at another sentence: There's a lot of give-and-take among students before an examination. 意思是：考試前，學(xué)生要做許多學(xué)習(xí)心得的交流。In this sentence it means "friendly and peaceful exchange one's ideas or opinions with each other" . 是互相交流，交談的意思，這種交談帶有一種感情色彩就是需要是一種平和的心態(tài)和有好的心態(tài)去交流。We have another sentence: We had to give and take before we could agree on a plane to a housing project. 意思是：我們必須互相讓步才使這個建筑項目的計劃成功。In this sentence, it means " to reach an agreement when each person gets part , but not all, of what he wants ". 意思是：(在合作中)相互妥協(xié)和讓步的意思。Yeah , 我們要想事業(yè)成功，有所作為，確實要如此。我們要把握一點就是，人家讓了你一步，你可不要 egg in your beer，得寸進(jìn)尺了，不要做Give him an inch and he'll take an ell 這種人了，要把握好一個見好就收的度。A saying goes that if you are patient in one moment of anger, you will escape a hundred days of sorrow。忍一時風(fēng)平浪靜,退一步海闊天空嘛。Well , let's look at the last sentence: A willingness to give and take is important for success in marriage. 意思是樂于互諒互讓對于婚姻的成功是很重要的。In this sentence, it means : mutual understanding and mutual forgiveness and accommodation. 意思是：(生活中)相互的理解，原諒與和解。Indeed it is so. 確實如此，現(xiàn)在離婚率原來越高，就是缺乏互相諒解與和解，當(dāng)然和社會風(fēng)氣也有關(guān)，但是這樣對于小孩子是很不好的。為了您小孩的心理健康，還是“give-and-take”不要an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth.以牙還牙，以眼還眼。 說到這里了，大家都很清楚了 a give-and-take attitude 就是互諒互讓的態(tài)度的意思了。Now let's have a summary. Give and take 可以作名詞用也可以作為動詞用，作為名詞用，需要破折號把它們連接起來，意思是：公平交換，互相友好交流、交談，妥協(xié)、讓步，互讓互諒的意思。
【追根尋源】
Talking of this phrase, we can go back to it's origin. There's a horse -racing game in England in the mid 18th century. The weight of a horse was passed on the judgement to the hight of a horse. And the prize cup is called give-and-take plate or give and take. 說到這個習(xí)語，我們可以追朔到英國18世紀(jì)中葉的一個賽馬項目，就是根據(jù)媽的高度來判斷媽的重量。得到的獎杯就叫做give-and-take plate 或者是 give and take. 隨著語言的發(fā)展，就用來表示“公平交易”“互諒互讓”“相互交談，交流”的意思了。
【溫故知新】
Please translate the proverbs which you can find while listening to the recording. 1 得寸進(jìn)尺。
2 忍一時風(fēng)平浪靜,退一步海闊天空。
3 以牙還牙，以眼還眼。
Please translate the following sentences into English with the phrase" give and take or give-and-take ".
1 我認(rèn)為你最好與你妻子心平氣和地交換一下想法。 2 只有雙方都作出一些讓步，我們才能平息這場爭論。
3 兩國成為友好國家之前，雙方必須互相讓步。
4 每個政府在處理其外交事務(wù)時應(yīng)采取相容的政策。
5 若要爭執(zhí)獲得解決, 雙方就要互相讓步 。
參考翻譯答案：
1 I think you'd better have a give and take with your wife.
2 We can only settle this argument if there is a bit of give-and-take on both sides.
3 There has to be give-and-take between two countries before they can be friends.
4 Every government should adopt a give-and-take policy in conducting its diplomatic affairs.
5 If the dispute is to be resolved there must be some give and take .
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